八年级下册现在完成时态-考点汇总(初二英语下)

第1页共12页现在完成时态--练习资料结构：助动词have/has+过去分词句型转换：否定句：一般疑问句:特殊疑问句：一、表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,（强调结果现在还存在）例如Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿)Hashehadhisbreakfast?Yes,hehas.将一般过去时的句子改写为现在完成时的句子。1.Myfatherboughtmanybooksformeyesterday.Now,Ihavealottoreadbecause________________________________2.Isawthisfilmlastweek.Now,IknowthisfilmbecauseI_____________________.3.Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Now,IcangiveittotheteacherbecauseI______________二、通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(谓语动词之前)（刚刚），already（已经(肯定句)）,before（之前）,yet（一般疑问(句末）,已经；否定句：还）never（从不）,ever(疑问句)twice（两次）,recently(近来）等状语连用，可以和瞬间动词和持续性动词连用,1Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.Tomhasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.2Ihavejusthadmylunch.Shehasn’tseenyoubefore.3Haveyouevereatenfish?Ihavenevereatenfish三、体会时间状语：①Ihaveneverheardofthatbefore.②Haveyoueverriddenahorse?③Shehasalreadyfinishedthework.④Haveyoumilkedthecowyet?Yes,Ihavedonethatalready.⑤I’vejustfinishedmyhomework.⑥Hehasnotcomeyet.第2页共12页四、请先圈出时间状语，再用词的适当形式填空1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.thetrain_______(arrive)yet?3.Tom____never_______(be)toChina.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.______youever_______(ride)ahorse?Never.7._____you________(clean)theroom?Yes,we__________(do)thatalready.When_______you______(do)it?We_______(do)itanhourago.8._____he______(see)thisfilmyet?No.When_____he_____(see)it?He______ittomorrow.9.Howmanytimes_____you______(come)here?Once.五、翻译句子：1你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给tom了。3你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。4你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。5你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示一直持续到现在并可能还将持续下去。A动词使用延续性动词。B和表时间段的时间状语连用。常与for或since引导的时间连用，sofar,upto/tillnow到目前为止,inthelast/past+一段时间，allone’slife某人的一生中,bynow,thesedays目前，fortwoyears、since1984、sincehecamehereIhaven’tseenherthesedays.ShehaslearntEnglishfor3years/since3yearsago.Theyhavelivedheresince1990.WhathashappenedtotheUSAinthelast350years?一、注意：(1)since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=第3页共12页Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.(2)since+时间点＝for＋时间段since2000=for13years(3)since+从句(常用一般过去时)TheGreenshavelivedinBeijingsincetheymovedtoBeijingfromParis(4)Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了.Itis/hasbeentwoyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.二、用for或since填空。1.JillhasbeeninIreland________Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland__________threedays.3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia_______15days.4.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere_____7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry________1974.6.Thebusislate.We'vebeenwaiting________20minutes.7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill________alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital________October9.It’stenyears______wemeteachotherlasttime.10.HehastaughtEnglish_______25years.11.TheGreenshavelivedonthefarm______1990.12.Theyhavebeenpracticingtheguitar_______twohours.13.－Howlonghaveyoubeenareporter?－_____8yearsago.14.Ihaven’tgoneforawalkinthepark________alongtime.15.He’sbeencollectingstamps_______hewasinprimaryschool.16.Peterhasbeentosummercamp________3times.非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用。为了表述意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。HejoinedthePartyfiveyearsago.——HehasbeeninthePartyforfiveyears.——HehasbeenaPartymemberforfiveyears.——ItisfiveyearssincehejoinedtheParty电影开始五分钟了。Thefilmbeganfiveminutesago.——Thefilmhasbeenonforfiveminutes.——Itisfiveminutessincethefilmbegan一、三类型：第一类：动词→be+adj.:Die，finish，open/close，fallill/asleep，marrysb/getmarriedto第二类：动词→be+介词.:start/begin，leave，Join，第三类：动词→另一个动词:Buy，Borrow，get/beginto延续性v，.Become，puton，第4页共12页二、巧记瞬间性动词的转换“开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家，穿衣入睡要感冒，开开关关变结束1beginbeon6returnbeback2leavebeawayfrom7joinbein3gobeoff8diebedead4borrowkeep9buyhave5comebehere10arrivebehere10reachbehere11putonwearFallasleepBeasleep13catchacoldhaveacold14openbeopen15closebeclosed三/短暂性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语①arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp→beinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor.4)Theycameherelastweek.They___________heresince_____________.②cometo/gobackto/returnto→bebacktogoout→beoutHecameouttwoyearsago.He______________for____________.2)WereturnedtoBeijingyesterday.We_______________toBeijingsince__________.③become→beIbecameateacherin2000.I__________ateacherfor___________.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_______dirtyfor_________.④close→beclosedopen→beopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_________for________.2)Thedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoor_____________forsixhours.⑤getup→beup;die→bedead;leavesp.→beawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleep→beasleep;finish/end→beover;marry→bemarried;1)Igotuptwohoursago.I_____________________since_______________.2)HeleftShanghaijustnow.He__________________________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpa__________________for_______________.4)Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeeting____________________forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I________________since__________________.6)Theymarriedin1990.They___________________________sinc