raid独立冗余磁盘建立管理

原贴:使用详解及RAID5简单分析本文是《用raidtools创建LinuxSoftRAID》的续篇，关于如何使用raidtools在Linux下创建软RAID请参考原文关于RAID原理、常用的RAID级别和参数以及各种RAID之间的对比可参考以下链接：RAIDCalculator(en|ch)&RAIDSummaryComparison(en|ch)beta@mygooglepage★什么是mdadm?mdadm是multipledevicesadmin的简称，它是Linux下的一款标准的软件RAID管理工具，作者是NeilBrown。★为什么选择mdadm?我们知道raidtools是Linux下一款经典的用于管理软件RAID的工具，但是因为配置/etc/raidtab比较繁琐，而且其功能有限，所以现在越来越多的人选择mdadm。mdadm和raidtools主要有以下几点不同：mdadm能够诊断、监控和收集详细的阵列信息mdadm是一个单独集成化的程序而不是一些分散程序的集合，因此对不同RAID管理命令有共通的语法mdadm能够执行几乎所有的功能而不需要配置文件(也没有默认的配置文件)当然，如果需要一个配置文件，mdadm将帮助管理它的内容★准备工作QUOTE:首先我们在虚拟机中添加四块SCSI硬盘(我们仍然直接使用只有一个分区的硬盘(sdb、sdc、sdd、sde)来作为RAID设备的成员，每个盘大小为8G)并分区格式化，具体步骤可参考用raidtools创建LinuxSoftRAID，这里从略★下载、安装mdadm你可以到mdadm的官方网站(~neilb/source/mdadm/)下载最新的压缩包。目前最新的版本是mdadm-2.6.2(LATEST.tgzormdadm-2.6.2.tgz)。推荐下载tgz格式的压缩包自行编译然后安装mdadm和它的文档、手册和示例文件。安装步骤如下：loginas:eric4evereric4ever@192.168.254.30'spassword:Lastlogin:ThuMay2410:59:062007from192.168.254.1[root@localhosteric4ever]#ls-lhtotal208K-rw-r--r--1rootroot201KMay2411:01LATEST.tgz[root@localhosteric4ever]#tarzxvfLATEST.tgzmdadm-2.6.2/mdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.conf-examplemdadm-2.6.2/misc/mdadm-2.6.2/misc/syslog-eventsmdadm-2.6.2/md_u.hmdadm-2.6.2/TODOmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.0mdadm-2.6.2/kernel-patch-2.6.18mdadm-2.6.2/Query.cmdadm-2.6.2/ReadMe.cmdadm-2.6.2/super0.cmdadm-2.6.2/SHA1.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.6mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.6.1mdadm-2.6.2/Monitor.cmdadm-2.6.2/md_p.hmdadm-2.6.2/mdassemble.cmdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.hmdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.specmdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.cmdadm-2.6.2/Assemble.cmdadm-2.6.2/Kill.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.1mdadm-2.6.2/pwgr.cmdadm-2.6.2/Incremental.cmdadm-2.6.2/mapfile.cmdadm-2.6.2/Grow.cmdadm-2.6.2/tests/mdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid4mdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r6-bitmapfilemdadm-2.6.2/tests/02r6growmdadm-2.6.2/tests/03r5assemmdadm-2.6.2/tests/07testreshape5mdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-internalbitmap-v1cmdadm-2.6.2/tests/02r5growmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-re-addmdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid6mdadm-2.6.2/tests/01r5failmdadm-2.6.2/tests/06update-uuidmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-bitmapfilemdadm-2.6.2/tests/02r1growmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-n3-bitmapfilemdadm-2.6.2/tests/06wrmostlymdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-re-add-nosupermdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid5mdadm-2.6.2/tests/03r5assemV1mdadm-2.6.2/tests/00multipathmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-internalbitmap-v1bmdadm-2.6.2/tests/06namemdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-grow-internal-1mdadm-2.6.2/tests/01r1failmdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid0mdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-grow-externalmdadm-2.6.2/tests/06r5swapmdadm-2.6.2/tests/07autodetectmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-internalbitmapmdadm-2.6.2/tests/02lineargrowmdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid1mdadm-2.6.2/tests/testdevmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r5-internalbitmapmdadm-2.6.2/tests/00raid10mdadm-2.6.2/tests/ToTestmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r5-bitmapfilemdadm-2.6.2/tests/04r0updatemdadm-2.6.2/tests/02r1addmdadm-2.6.2/tests/03r0assemmdadm-2.6.2/tests/checkmdadm-2.6.2/tests/06sysfsmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-grow-internalmdadm-2.6.2/tests/04r1updatemdadm-2.6.2/tests/00linearmdadm-2.6.2/tests/05r1-internalbitmap-v1amdadm-2.6.2/mdassemble.8mdadm-2.6.2/restripe.cmdadm-2.6.2/Manage.cmdadm-2.6.2/md.4mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5mdadm-2.6.2/ChangeLogmdadm-2.6.2/Examine.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.1mdadm-2.6.2/sha1.hmdadm-2.6.2/inventorymdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.3mdadm-2.6.2/sha1.cmdadm-2.6.2/raid5extend.cmdadm-2.6.2/bitmap.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.6.2mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.3mdadm-2.6.2/dlink.cmdadm-2.6.2/md5.hmdadm-2.6.2/config.cmdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.conf.5mdadm-2.6.2/mkinitramfsmdadm-2.6.2/swap_super.cmdadm-2.6.2/bitmap.hmdadm-2.6.2/testmdadm-2.6.2/mdopen.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.5mdadm-2.6.2/Create.cmdadm-2.6.2/kernel-patch-2.6.19mdadm-2.6.2/mdadm.8mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.2mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.4mdadm-2.6.2/COPYINGmdadm-2.6.2/sysfs.cmdadm-2.6.2/super1.cmdadm-2.6.2/Makefilemdadm-2.6.2/util.cmdadm-2.6.2/INSTALLmdadm-2.6.2/mdstat.cmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.4.1mdadm-2.6.2/dlink.hmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.6mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.3.1mdadm-2.6.2/makedistmdadm-2.6.2/kernel-patch-2.6.18.6mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.5.2mdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.4-pre1mdadm-2.6.2/Detail.cmdadm-2.6.2/README.initramfsmdadm-2.6.2/ANNOUNCE-2.4mdadm-2.6.2/Build.c[root@localhosteric4ever]#ls-lhtotal212K-rw-r--r--1rootroot201KMay2411:01LATEST.tgzdrwxr-xr-x4100010004.0KMay2112:25mdadm-2.6.2[root@localhosteric4ever]#cdmdadm-2.6.2/[root@localhostmdadm-2.6.2]#makeinstallgcc-Wall-Werror-Wstrict-prototypes-ggdb-DSendmail=//usr/sbin/sendmail-t/-DCONFFILE=//etc/mdadm.conf/-DCONFFILE2=//etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf/-c-omdadm.omdadm.cgcc-Wall-Werror-Wstrict-prototypes-ggdb-DSendmail=//usr/sbin/sendmail-t/-DCONFFILE=//etc/mdadm.conf/-DCONFFILE2=//etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf/-c-oconfig.oconfig.cgcc-Wall-Werror-Wstrict-prototypes-ggdb-DSendmail=//usr/sbin/sendmail-t/-DCONFFILE=//etc/mdadm.conf/-DCONFFILE2=//etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf/-c-omdstat.omdstat.cgcc-Wall-Werror-Wstrict-prototypes-ggdb-DSendmail=//usr/sbin/sendmail-t/-DCONFFILE=//etc/mdadm.conf/-DCONFFILE2=//etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf/-c-oReadMe.oReadMe.cgcc-Wall-Werror-Wstrict-prototyp