加热反应炉PLC控制系统的设计

毕业论文（设计）加热反应炉PLC控制系统的设计学生姓名：郭凯指导教师：高艳萍(副教授)专业名称：自动化所在学院：信息工程学院2011年6月目录摘要······················································································IAbstract·················································································II第一章引言·········································································11.1研究的目的和意义··········································································11.2国内外研究现状·············································································11.3研究的内容···················································································1第二章控制系统设备简介·······················································22.1PLC的定义···················································································22.2PLC的特点···················································································22.3PLC的通信联网·············································································32.4PLC的应用领域·············································································32.5MCGS组态软件简介·······································································42.6加热反应炉简介············································································7第三章控制画面的创建··························································93.1工程的建立···················································································93.2变量的定义···················································································93.3控制画面的设计与制作···································································103.4动画连接·····················································································113.5控制程序的编写············································································113.6数据显示画面的设计与制作····························································12第四章控制系统的设计·························································174.1加热反应炉对电气控制系统的要求····················································174.2系统设计方案···············································································174.3对象和范围的确定········································································194.4电路设计····················································································204.5系统硬件图设计············································································204.6控制系统的软件设计······································································23第五章系统抗干扰措施·························································275.1电磁干扰的类型及其影响·······························································275.2电磁干扰主要来源········································································275.3加热反应炉控制系统的抗干扰措施···················································28第六章结论··········································································30致谢····················································································31参考文献··············································································32大连海洋大学本科毕业论文（设计）摘要I摘要加热反应炉是工业生产中的重要设备，为了安全生产避免事故的发生，应用PLC对它进行实时监控是非常必要的。本设计实现PLC对加热反应炉的可视化控制，该控制技术可以对真空炉的温度、真空度和水开关状态等参数进行检测，并根据操作前的设定值，进行升温和保温控制，实现加热反应炉内水位变化实时曲线和历史曲线的显示输出，当设备状态异常或各参数越限时立即报警。这不仅能进行安全生产，还可以提高经济效益减少不必要的人力物力的投入。该控制系统以可编程控制器为核心，通过专用数据线和上位机通信，利用组态软件对整个系统进行实时监控，模拟实验调试结果表明，PLC和MCGS的结合有利于PLC控制系统的设计、检测，具有良好的应用价值。关键词：加热反应炉，PLC，MCGS，监控，报警大连海洋大学本科毕业论文（设计）AbstractIIAbstractThermalreactionfurnacesareimportantequipmentinfactory.ItisnecessarytoapplicationofPLCcontrolinreal-timeinordertopreventsafetyaccidents.Thevisualcontrolofthermalreactionfurnaceisrealizedinthispaperbyusingcommomconfigurationsoftwareprogrammablelogiccontroller.Thefurnacecontroltechnologyfortemperature,vacuum,waterswitchstatustesting.Andaccordingtothesettingsbeforetheoperation,tocontroltheheatingandinsulation.Theheatingthereactortoachievereal-timewaterlevelchangeswithinthehistoricalcurveandthecurveshowstheoutput.Itcanalsoalarmwithequipmentstateabnormalorvariousparametersonthelimit.Thisnotonlyforsafety,butalsoincreaseeconomicefficiencytoreduceunnecessaryinvestmentinhumanandmaterialresources.Thecontrolsystemusesprogrammablelogiccontrollerasthecore.Programmablelogiccontrollerthroughthededicateddatalinesandthehostcomputercommunication.Usingtheconfigurationsoftwareforreal-timemonitoringoftheentiresystem.Thesimulationexperimentdebuggingresultsshowthat,thecombinationofPLCandMCGSisconducivetothePLCdesign,testing,andhasagoodvalue.Keywords:Thermalreactionfurnaces,PLC,MCGS,technologymonitor,alarm大连海洋大学本科毕业论文（设计）第一章引言1第一章引言1.1研究的目的和意义加热反应炉是工业生产中常用的重要设备，过去仅依靠人工经验进行操作，往往存在送料、温度、压力等条件变化时不能实施有效控制的问题，产品质量不稳定甚至出现次品，造成原料浪费，给企业带来经济损失。可编程序控制器PLC以其可靠性高、功能强、控制灵活等特点，已成为目前工业现场环境的首选控制装置。它不仅能实现复杂的逻辑顺序控制，还能完成少量模拟量的过程控制，且编程简单，使用方便。使用自动控制系统能有效的提高生产的安全性，大大降低了事故的发生率，并能提高生产效率，使原材料的使用率达到最大。1.2国内外研究现状国际上对加热炉的优化控制开始于70年代，我国从80年代才开始对这方面进行研究。我国现有工业锅炉中，很多设备自动化程度不高，热效率在40％左右，随着企业的经济增长模式向依靠技术进步转变，对生产自动化的要求越来越迫切，改变锅炉运行中传统手动、半自动操作方式，实现自动化控制和管理，提高热效率，保障安全运行已经势在必行。在钢铁领域，以前人们对加热炉优化控制研究主要集中在钢坯的升温过程的数学模型、炉温优化设定以及燃烧控制，近年来智能控制技术正逐步被应用到加热炉炉温控制中。我国的加热炉相当一部分还处于基地式仪表控制，表盘显示的水平，软件操作不宜为普通工人所掌握。为改变这种落后状况，有效途径之一就是进行加热炉监测