高考英语语法专题复习：定语从句公开课件

定语从句Theattributiveclauses高考英语语法专题复习之----•知识回顾•考点精讲•跟踪练习•真题链接定语从句Theattributiveclauses•Thebabyisreading.•Thebabyis________________listeningtomusic.•Thebabyhas___________bigeyes.•Thebabyis___________________carriedbyafamousstar.•Whichbabydoyoulike?Ilikethebaby.Thebabyisreading.Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.•Whichbabydoyoulike?Ilikethebaby.Thebabyislisteningtomusic.Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.•Whichbabydoyoulike?Ilikethebaby.Thebaby’seyesarebig.Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.•Whichbabydoyoulike?Ilikethebaby.Afamousstariscarryingthebaby.Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/---afamousstariscarrying.TheattributiveclausesIlikethebabywho/thatisreading.Ilikethebabywho/thatislisteningtomusic.Ilikethebabywhoseeyesarebig.Ilikethebabywho/whom/that/---afamousstariscarrying.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一或的从句叫定语从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫“”名词代词先行词关系词基础知识Ilikethebabywho/thatisreading.先行词关系词定语从句TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句基础知识TheaccidenthappenedatthetimewhenIleft.Hismother,whomheloveddeeply,diedtenyearsago.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句定语从句对先行词起限定作用,与先行词关系十分密切。不用逗号隔开,也不能省略,否则句意就不完整。非限制性定从限制性定从只是对先行词做补充说明,与先行词的关系也比较松散。常用逗号与主句隔开，如果省略,原句意义仍然完整。引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,thatwhich,that,aswhose,ofwhich/whomwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词注：关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。.定语从句考点精讲1.that与which2.关系副词的用法3.介词+关系词4.关系词as的用法5.定从与其他复合句的区分6.综合考查考点难点.考点一、thatorwhich?1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itABBChoosethecorrectanswers:4.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.whichhaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten5.Thescientistandhisachievements_____youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose6.Whichofthebooks_____wereborrowedfromhimisthebest?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whoseACB①先行词是all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much等不定代词时;②先行词被all,any,every,no,some,little,much等词修饰时;③先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;④先行词被theonly,thevery(正是,恰是),thelast修饰时;⑤当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用that引导(that既可指人也可指物)⑥若主句中有疑问代词who,which时，为了避免重复,关系代词不再用who,which.---结论1:先行词有下列情况时,通常用关系代词that：1.Ihavelostmywatch,_____Ilikeverymuch.2.TaiwanispartofChina,______isknowntoallofus.3.Canyoulendmethebookabout______youtalkedlastnight?whichwhichwhichChoosing:thatorwhich?结论2.引导非限定性定语从句时，用关系代词which,不用that,且不省略。介词+关系词引导定语从句,先行词是物时，只用which，不用that.•1.(2010全国Ⅱ，16）Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething____wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what高考真题链接•2.(2011北京，26）MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,______,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that高考真题链接Tips:注意插入语.考点二、关系副词的用法关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时，when在从句中充当时间状语,where在从句中充当地点状语，why在从句中充当原因状语，＝介词＋whichDoyoustillremembertheday_______wejoinedtheParty?=onwhichwhenThisisthefactory_____________myfatherworks?Thisisthefactory______________wevisitedlastweek?Thatisthereason______________youarealwayslate.Thatisthereason_____________hegaveus.which/that/---which/that/---where/inwhichwhy/forwhichBlank-filling:先行词为时间、地点、原因的名词时关系词在定从中作状语时关系词在定从中作主语或者宾语时whenWherewhy=介词+whichthat/which要点一：1.A.Pisaisacity,___hasaleaningtower.B.Pisaisacity,____thereisaleaningtower.a.whichb.thatc.whered.there2.A.Westillrememberedthedays_____wetravelledtogether.B.Westillrememberedthedays_____wespenttogether.a.whenb.whichc.inthatd.thereacabPRACTICEMAKESPERFECT1.I’vecometothepoint______Ican’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituation______awarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。要点二、某些特殊词之后的where解析：某些抽象地点名词如：point,stage,situation,case,condition,activity,celebration等做先行词时，定语从句常用where引导，表示抽象化的地点。wherewhere•1.(2010福建，24）StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet_____lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose高考真题链接•2.(2011天津，10）Thedaysaregone_____physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which高考真题链接•3.(2011山东，32）Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that高考真题链接•4.(2009浙江，14）Ihavereachedapointinmylife_____Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why高考真题链接.考点三、介词+关系词Thisisthemachineon_____shespent1000dollars.XiaoWang,with_____Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyitverymuch.whichwhom要点1：紧跟介词的关系词，引导定语从句时,指事物用which,指人用whom。用适当的关系词填空：1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding_____thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontofthat2.I’llneverforgettheday____Ifirstmetyou.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhomCABChoosethecorrectanswers:•1）、看定语从句中动词或者形容词与介词的习惯搭配；---Whatwerethethings_______whichhewasnotsosure?•2）、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词的习惯搭配；---Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’tbetoohigh.•3）、可以通过句子的整体含义,结合生活实际来判断。---Chinahasmanyrivers,________whichtheYangtzeRiveristhelongest.要点2：介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句中,介词如何选择aboutatof/among1.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom2.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhi