2011届英语二轮专题复习课件：阅读理解(5)文化教育类类(湖南专用)

专题五文化教育类专题五│文化教育类专题导读文化教育类阅读理解属高考常选材料之一，它以中西文化差异作为选材的重点，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等，重视语言和文化的关系。阅读材料更多地涉及社会文化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时，应注意以下几个方面：(1)采用先题后文：先读题目，再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点，如果带着问题读文章，有利于我们抓细节。(2)先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后，自然会加深我们对文章的理解，这样更有利于做主旨大意题。(3)重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是mainidea型；一类是topic或title型。真题再现[2010·全国Ⅰ改编]EDGEWOOD—EverymorningatDixieHeightsHighSchool，customerspourintoaspecialexperiment：thedistrict’sfirstcoffeeshoprunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.Wellbeforeclassesstart，studentsandteachersorderLattes，CappuccinosandHotChocolates.Then，duringthefirstperiod，teacherscallinordersontheirroomphones，andstudentsmakedeliveries.Byclosingtimeat9：20a．m.，theshopusuallysells90drinks.“Whoevermadethechitea，Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood，”ChristyMcKinley，asecondyearstudent，announcedrecently，afterhangingupwiththeteacher.TheshopiscalledtheDixiePIT，whichstandsforPowerinTransition.Althoughsomeofthestudentsarenotdisabled，manyare，andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.Theylearnnotonlyhowtorunacoffeeshopbutalsohowtodealwiththeiraffairs.Theykeepatimecardandreceivepaychecks，whichtheykeepincheckregisters.SpecialeducationteachersKimChevalierandSueCaseyintroducedtheDixiePITfromasimilarprogramatKennesawMountainHighSchoolinGeorgia.Notthatitwaseasy.Chevalier’sfirstproblemtoovercomewasproductrelated.Shouldschoolsbesellingcoffee？Whataboutsugarcontent?KentonCountyFoodServiceDirectorGingerGrayhelped.Shemadesureallthedrinks，whichusenonfatmilk，fellwithinnutrition(营养)guidelines.Thewholeschoolhasjoinedintohelp.Teachersagreedtogiveuptheirlounge(休息室)inthemornings.Artstudentspaintedthenameoftheshoponthewall.Businessstudentsdesignedthepaychecks.Thebasketballteamhelpedpayforcups.()1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Abestsellingcoffee.B.Aspecialeducationalprogram.C.Governmentsupportforschools.D.Anewtypeofteacherstudentrelationship.()2.TheDixiePITprogramwasintroducedinorderto________.A.raisemoneyforschoolaffairsB.dosomeresearchonnutritionC.developstudents’practicalskillsD.supplyteacherswithdrinks()3.HowdidChristyMcKinleyknowMs.Schatzman’sopinionofthechitea?A.Shemetherintheshop.B.Sheheardhertellingothers.C.Shetalkedtoheronthephone.D.Shewenttoherofficetodeliverthetea.()4.WeknowfromthetextthatGingerGray________.A.managestheDixiePITprograminKentonCountyB．seesthatthedrinksmeethealthstandardsC.teachesatDixieHeightsHighSchoolD．ownstheschool’scoffeeshop()5.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheDixiePIT?A．LattesandCappuccinosmaybetwokindsofthecoffeesuppliedintheDixiePIT.B．It’srunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.C．TheDixiePIThelpedmanydisabledstudentsprepareforlifeaftergraduation.D．TheDixiePITisintendednotonlytobringtheteachersmuchconveniencebutalsotohelpthemlearnalot.【文章大意】本文主要介绍DixieHeightsHighSchool实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。1.B主旨概括题。本文主要介绍DixieHeightsHighSchool实施的一项帮助自己学生就业的特殊教育项目。2.C推理判断题。依据第五段thePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool可知该项目有助于孩子们掌握实用技能，便于将来就业。3.C细节理解题。依据第四段Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood和afterhangingupwiththeteacher推断，两者是通过电话了解信息的。hangup挂断电话。4.B推理判断题。依据倒数第三段Shemadesureallthedrinks,whichusenonfatmilk,fellwithinnutrition(营养)guidelines推断，GingerGray要确保这里制作的咖啡要符合健康标准。5．D细节理解题。文章多处告诉我们这是一家咖啡店，以及倒数第四段的“Shouldschoolsbesellingcoffee?Whataboutsugarcontent？”得知，这两种被预订的很可能是咖啡，故A正确。由文章第一段可知B正确。由第五段“Althoughsomeofthestudentsarenotdisabled,manyare,andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.”可知C正确，D错误。此店的开办目的主要是为了帮助那些有特殊学习需求的残疾学生，而不是为了老师。专题预测(一)PoorerchildrenwouldbeofferedthechancetoattendlessonsonSaturdaytohelpcatchupwiththeirmiddleclasspeers(同龄人),theshadowschool’ssecretary,MichaelGovesaidtoday.TheConservativeswouldgiveEnglishstateschoolsthefreedomtochoosetohavelongerteachinghoursandextraclassesattheweekend,hetoldtheAssociationofTeachersandLecturers’annualconference.Govesaidthemovewouldhelptoclosetheachievementgapwithricherchildrenwhoseparentscouldaffordextrassuchastutoringandmusiclessons.Hetolddelegates(代表)inManchester,“Forchildrenwhocomefromhomeswhereparentsdon’thavetheresourcestoprovideadditionalstretchandculturalexperiences,therearebenefitsinhavingthosechildreninthelearningenvironment,inschool,forlonger.”“Parentswouldlovetohaveschoolsstartingearlierinsomecircumstances,andcertainlygoingonlaterintheafternoon,giventherealityoftheirworkinglives，”hesaid.HehelduptheexampleofKipp(KnowledgeisPowerProgram)schoolsintheUS,whichareoftenbasedinthepoorestcommunitiesandopenfrom7：30amto5pmonweekdays,plusSaturdays.Butitwouldbeuptoschoolstodecidetoofferlongerhours,Goveadded.ParentssaidSaturdayclassescouldbecomea“badgeofdishonor”ifpupilswereforcedtogo,whileteachersraisedconcernsabouttheirworkload.MargaretMorrissey,ofParentsOutloud,said,“Ithinkthesuggestionthegovernmentmadeaboutonetooneteachingforthesekidswouldbeamorepreferablewayofimprovingthesechildren’sperformance.I’mjustnotsurewhethertakingawayachildatweekendsisactuallygoingtomakethemclevererintheweek.”TheATL’sgeneralsecretary,MaryBousted,said,“IfwewantSaturdayschools,thenweneedmoreteachers