修改基于环保的生态公路设计理念和方法研究

工程硕士学位论文基于环保的生态公路设计理念和方法研究刘慧北京工业大学2009年10月分类号：U416单位代码：10005学号：S密级：北京工业大学硕士学位论文题目基于环保的生态公路设计理念和方法研究英文题目THESTUDYONTHECONCEPTIONANDMETHODOFECOLOGICALHIGHWAYDESIGNBASEDONENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION研究生姓名：专业：研究方向：导师姓名：职称：副教授论文报告提交日期：学位授予日期：授予单位名称和地址：北京工业大学朝阳区平乐园100号摘要I摘要公路建设的蓬勃发展，在极大推动国民经济的同时，也带来了严峻的环境问题。如何使公路建设融人自然，减少建设和使用过程造成环境退化和破坏从而造成公路环境质量下降，对实现交通可持续发展具有重要意义，这就需要从环保出发做好生态公路的设计研究。针对目前国内外学者对于生态公路的研究，以及公路建设的实践经验，分析了生态公路设计理念和设计方法等方面存在的不足，提出了本文研究的主要内容。结合生态公路特点，结合生态学理论，确定了生态公路概念及定位，并分析了生态公路特点。在分析生态公路设计目标及考虑因素的基础上，提出了“以环保为宗旨，以可持续发展为目标，协调设计目标关系，体现以人为本、以安全为核心、以功能为主线、经济环保、绿色生态”的设计理念。通过构建生态公路设计框架，提出生态公路的路线、路基、沿线构造物及其它设施设计方法。界定了环境补偿设计定义，提出了公路环境补偿设计流程，并从生态结构合理性、功能稳定性和环境适宜性三方面建立了环境补偿设计评价指标体系，通过研究环境补偿模糊综合评价方法，提出了基于GIS对环境补偿设计方案模糊综合评价方法。并结合工程实例介绍了环境补偿评价步骤，为生态公路设计提供参考。文中提出的基于环保的生态公路设计理念、设计方法和环境补偿设计及评价方法为公路建设的可持续发展提供了有效途径。关键词：生态公路；环保；设计理念；补偿设计；模糊综合评价；GIS北京工业大学工程硕士论文IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofhighwayconstruction,ithasgreatlyboostthenationaleconomy,butalsocausedsomeseriousenvironmentproblems.Highwayconstructionshouldcomplementtheirsurroundings,alsoreducetheenvironmentaldegradationanddestructionduringtheconstructionandusingofthematerials,bothofthemhaveagreatsignificanttorealizethesustainabledevelopmentoftransportation.Thus,itisnecessarytomakeagooddesignresearchoneconomicalhighwayconsideringtheenvironmentprotection.Themaincontentofthearticlewasputforwardaccordingtotheresearchofecologicalhighwaydevelopedbythescholar,thepracticalexperienceofthehighwaystructure,andtheanalysisofthefaultmadebydesigningconceptandmethods;wecombinedthecharacteristicofecologicalhighwaytothetheoryofit.Makesuretheconceptandthepositionofit,andanalysisthecharacteristicofit.Basedontheanalysisofecologicalhighwaydesignaimandconsiderationfactors,adesignconceptionbasedonenvironmentprotection-aimedwasproposed:“safety-centered,function-based,economic,environmentalandecological”.Adesignmethodofhighwayalignment,subgradeandartificialstructuresalongthehighwayforecologicalhighwaywaspresentedbysettingupadesignframeofecologicalhighway.Itdefinestheenvironmentcompensationdesign,andputforwardtheprocessofenvironmentcompensationdesign.Also,itsetsuptheevaluationindexsystemofenvironmentcompensationdesignbasedonrationalityofecologicalstructure,functionstability,andadaptabilityofenvironment.ItproposedthefuzzycomprehensiveevaluationforenvironmentcompensationdesignbasedonGISbyresearchingtheoldone.Andweareintroubletheproceduresofevaluatingthefuzzycompensationofenvironmentandprovideenvironmentalroaddesignreferencecombinewithengineeringlivingexample.Inthispaper,basedonenvironmentallyfriendlyeco-highwaydesignconcept,designmethods,andenvironmentalcompensationdesignandevaluationmethodshasprovidedaneffectivewaytosustainabledevelopmentforroad-building.Keywordsenvironmentalroad；environmentalprotection；designconception；compensationdesign；fuzzycomprehensiveevaluation；GIS目录i目录第一章绪论............................................................................................................11.1研究背景及意义......................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状......................................................................................21.3论文研究内容..........................................................................................41.4研究技术路线..........................................................................................5第二章基于环保的生态公路设计理念......................................................................72.1生态公路概念..........................................................................................72.1.1生态学原理...................................................................................72.1.2生态公路概念定位.......................................................................82.1.3生态公路内涵...............................................................................92.2生态公路设计的目标及考虑因素........................................................102.2.1生态公路设计的目标.................................................................102.2.2生态公路设计考虑因素.............................................................102.3生态公路设计理念................................................................................112.3.1以环保为宗旨.............................................................................112.3.2以可持续发展为目标.................................................................122.3.3以人为本.....................................................................................132.3.4以安全为核心.............................................................................142.3.5以功能为主线.............................................................................152.3.6经济舒适.....................................................................................162.3.7绿色生态.....................................................................................172.4本章小结................................................................................................18第三章基于环保的生态公路设计方法..................................................................193.1设计框架..............................