2018考研英语二真题及答案解析

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统考试英语(二)试题12018年全国硕士研究生入学统考试英语(二)试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslyhepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill2_tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoBoothSchoolofBusinessandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto4themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone5_,eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefronapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould6anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswererigged;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified.7leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurred8__.Subsequentexperimentsreplicatedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto10_isdeeplyingrainedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrives11orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago,aco-authorofthepaper.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct--itcan_12newscientificadvances,forinstance--butsometimessuch13canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo_14thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto15__,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggeststhatimagingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytomitigatingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity,Hseesays.Inotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.1.A.ignoreB.protectC.discussD.resolve2.A.refuseB.seekC.waitD.regret3.A.riseBlastC.hurtDmislead4.A.alertB.exposeC.ticD.treat5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.concept6.A.removeB.deliverC.weakenD.interrupt7.A.UnlessB.IfC.WhenD.Though8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen9.AsuchasB.ratherthanC.regardlessofD.owingto10AdisagreeBforgiveC.discoverD.forget11.A.payB.foodC.marriageD.schooling12.A.beginwithB.restonC.leadtoD.learnfrom2018年全国硕士研究生入学统考试英语(二)试题213.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligence14.A.self-deceptiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-destructive15.A.traceB.defineC.replaceD.resist16.A.concealB.overlookC.designD.predict17.A.chooseBrememberC.promiseD.pretend18.A.reliefB.outcomeC.planD.duty19.A.howB.whyC.whereD.whether20.A.limitationsB.investmentsC.consequencesD.strategiesSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSHERSHEET.(40points)Text1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandrotememorization,butpractical,reportsstaffwriterStacyTeicherKhadaroointhisweek'scoverstory.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlybamboozledbyabustedbikechain?AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatatraffickeddeskstuck.Withgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.Buthe'salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatstereotype...thatit'sforkidswhocan'tmakeitacademically,hesays.Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewmantra.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrightfullyso.Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor'sdegreesforall--andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless--missesanimportantpoint:That'snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.Yes,abachelor'sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddl2-skilljob,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasnumberedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren'tequippedtodothemKoziatek'sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.Kcziatek'sschooliswake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisks2018年全国硕士研究生入学统考试英语(二)试题3overlookinganation'sdiversityofgifts.21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudent'slackof().A.AcademictrainingB.practicalabilityC.pioneeringspiritD.mechanicalmemorization22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho().A.have