高考常见熟词生义整理

1英语《考试说明》附录中部分熟词生义词学习一览表序号单词熟义生义学习要点1across横过;越过1、到、在对面（adv/prep）Helivesacrossthestreet.他住在街对面。thehouseacrossthestreet街道对面的房子2、宽（adv）Theriveris50metresacross.河宽50米。Thetreemeasures50cmacross.2add增加，加起来接着说,补充说Ishouldliketoaddthatwearepleasedwiththetestresult.我还要补充说一下,我们对测试结果表示满意。3address地址；住址(n)1、演说;正式讲演anaddressofwelcome欢迎词2、对...讲演或发表演说(vt)addressameeting向大会发表演说addressthewholenation向全国发表演说addressedmeinlowtones.低声与我交谈3、称呼；用特殊的头衔称呼HowshallIaddressyou?我应当怎样称呼您呢?Don'taddressmeas‘boss’.不要叫我“老板”。4、写姓名地址(vt)addresstheletter/envelope在信上写地址TheenvelopeisaddressedtoJackJohnson,Esq.信封上写着杰克·约翰逊先生收。4admit承认1、准许进入Thisticketadmitstwopeopletothefootballmatch.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。beadmittedto/intoBeijingUniversity被北京大学录取2、接[容]纳；容许Thecinemaadmitsabout2000people.这座电影院大约可坐2000人。Therulesandregulationsadmitofnootherexplanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。Hisillnessadmitsofnodelay.他的病不容拖延。5afford担负得起费用抽得出(时间)Hecan'taffordanhourforlunch.他抽不出一小时吃午饭Ican'taffordthreeweeksawayfromwork.我无法丢下工作三星期。6against反对,逆着,倚靠着,1、与…成对照againstadarkbackground与黑色背景成对照;Thepicturelooksbetteragainstthelightwall.这幅画挂在浅色的墙上显得更美。2、防备；防御againstthecold防冷againstarainyday防备雨天Wearealltakingmedicineagainsttheflu.我们都在服药预防流感。bepreparedagainstwarandnaturaldisasters备战备荒7air空气,天空1、发表(意见等)airone'sviews发表意见使通风,使通气Sheairedtheroombyopeningthewindow.她打开窗子使房间通风。8allow允许，准许给予；使得到allowedhim￡1000forexpenses给他每年1000英镑的开销容许(of)allowofnoexcuse不容辩解Thesituationsallowofnoexcuse.形势不容许拖延;形势刻不容缓。体谅;考虑到;顾及(for)Wemustallowforhisyouth.我们应当体谅他年轻。2酌留；预计allow10%forinflation允许10%的通货膨胀allow15minutesfordelay预留15分钟以防耽搁9alone单独地,独自地[用在名词或代词之后]只有,唯有,仅仅Smithaloneknewwhathappened.只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。Thekeyalonewillopenthedoor.只有这把钥匙能开这个门。10attend出席，参加侍侯，照应,与on/upon连用)attendtheverysickpatients照应重病人attendon/uponaverysickman处理、料理（与to连用）attendtotheproblem11beat连续击打,揍击败,战胜（用于比赛中）beatsbatthetabletennismatch规律性地拍击tobeatadrum击鼓Theheartbeats.心脏跳动。Mypulsebeatsnormally.我脉搏正常。搅拌tobeateggs打鸡蛋1、鼓(翼)Thebirdbeatitswings.鸟扑打翅膀。12beyond超出、超过[表示范围,限度]1、除…以外[常用于否定句和疑问句]askedfornothingbeyondpeaceandquiet.除平安和平静外一无所求晚于、迟于...,到...以后Don'tstaytherebeyondmidnight.不要过了午夜还留在那儿。在[向]...的那边,在...之外Theroadisbeyondthathill.路在山的那一边。Justbeyondthefence.就在篱笆那边13block（大）块；（大）片；街区1、阻塞;堵住,阻挡（vt）Thepolicehaveblockedtheroad.警察已经封锁了道路。blockoutlight阻挡光线treesthatblocktheview2、障碍物；阻塞(n)ablockinthepipes管道阻塞toputuparoadblock设置路障14book书预定You'llhavetobookupearly.你要早一点订座。ThesecretaryhasbookedthemanagerinattheHiltonHotel.秘书已经在希尔顿大酒店为经理预定了房间。15build建造,建筑体格；体型We’reofthesamebuild.我们体型相同amanofstrongbuild体格健壮的人16business商业,买卖,交易,生意,商店,商行Hehasabusinessinthetown.他在城里有一家商店。run/operate/manageabusiness营业inbusiness;onbusiness职责；本分It'sateacher'sbusinesstomakechildrenlearn.使学生学习是老师的责任。事情,事物Mindyourownbusiness.It’snoneofyourbusiness.17capital首都,首都的1、资本；资金；资方;TheSmithCompanyhasacapitalof＄30.000.史密斯公司有3万美元的资本。2、大写字母大写的（字母）capitalletters大写字母Writeyournameincapitals.用大写字母写你的名字。318charge收费，索价(vt)费用(n)主管，负责1、指控(v/n)Hewaschargedwithstealingacar.他被指控偷了一辆汽车。（chargesb.withsth;类似accusesb.ofsth）achargeofstealing偷窃罪的指控2、猛冲；攻击；向前冲Theboychargedintotheroom.男孩冲进屋里。Suddenlythewildanimalchargedatus.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。Chargetheenemy向敌人发起冲锋3、充电、装(满),装料,chargeagunwithpowder用火药填满炮19coin硬币1、造币；铸币Thegovernmenthasdecidedtocoinmoreone-yuanpieces.政府决定再铸造一些一元的硬币。coingold.铸造金币2、杜撰设计（新单词或短语）Donotcointermsthatareintelligibletonobody.不要生造谁也不懂的词语。3、coin（adj.）投币式的（操作需要一块或多块金属币的）；自助式的acoinwashingmachine.投币洗衣机20collect.收集1、收（租，税，帐等）；募（捐）collecttheelectricityfee收取电费。collecttaxes.收税collect(raise)money募集资金2、领取(信件等)；接走（人、物）Todayitishisturntocollectthechildrenfromschoolinthecommunity.今天该轮到他把孩子们从社区学校接回去。3、使镇静；集中（思想等）Theoldladytriedtocollectherthoughtsbutshewastooexcited.老太太力图镇定下来,但是太激动了。Beforeyoubegintomakeaspeech,youshouldcollectyourthoughtsandideas.在你开始讲话之前，你应当集中你的思想和意念。collectone'semotions.镇定情绪collectoneself心平气和，平心静气，镇定一下21company公司,1、陪伴、伴侣Hekeptmecompany.他陪伴我。inthecompanyof在...陪同下Ihadnocompanyonthejourney.我在旅行中没有同伴。22contentn.内容,容量,目录,满足（toone'sheart'scontent心满意足adj.满足的,满意的,愿意1、使…满意或满足vt.Nothingcontentsher,sheisalwayscomplaining.没有什么能使她满意，她总是抱怨。contentedhimselfwithonepieceofcake.（他）吃了一块蛋糕非常地满足2、含量thecontentofsilverinatonofore一吨矿砂中银的含量23corner角落,(街道)拐角处,把…难住；使走投无路Thedogcorneredtherat.狗把老鼠逼到一个角落。24count数数,计算（countdown1、依靠，依赖(on)Youcancountonmyhelp.你可以依赖我的帮助4倒计时）2、认为；视为；看作countitanhonor(todosth.)（把做某事）引以为荣3、有价值；重要；有用Everysecondcounts.每一秒钟都很重要。Youreallycountwithme.对我来说你确实很重要25cover盖子,封面覆盖1、占（时间或空间））Thetowncovers5squaremiles.小镇占地5平方英里。2、走完（一段路程）Iwanttocover100milesbydark.我想在天黑之前走完100英里3、行新闻采访coverafireforanewspaper为报纸采访失火的新闻4、够付（费用）足以抵补［补偿Theseexpensesarecoveredbythestate.这些费用都由国家负担。covertheloss弥补损失5、包括；包含；论及Thereviewcoveredeverythingwelearnedlastterm.这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。6、看完(多少页书)coverfiftypagesin15minutes26crazy疯狂的；精神错乱的；蠢的着迷的；狂热的She'scrazyaboutdancing.她热衷于跳舞。becrazyabout[over]热衷于,醉心于；爱上,迷恋着补充：likecrazy[mad][口]发疯似地;拼命地;猛烈地Theywererunningaroundlikecrazy.他们拚命地跑着27date日期起始于(某时期);属于(某时期)datebackto/datefrom男女之间的)约会;约会的对象;与…约会Sheismydate.她跟我有约会。haveadatewithsb./datewithsb.28develop发展,形成，研制,开发冲洗(胶片、相片等)developfilms/photos冲洗胶卷29draw画图吸引；拉；抽；平局（vi.vt.