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中小学个性化辅导专家龙文教育网站:龙文教育辅导讲义学员编号(卡号):年级:初三第1课时学员姓名:辅导科目:英语教师:韩增锦课题TheObjectClause宾语从句授课时间:8月30日备课时间:8月27日教学目标1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+引导词+主语+谓语3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点、难点重点:语序和时态呼应难点:语序和时态呼应考点及考试要求熟练掌握宾语从句的构成及用法教学内容一.定义:在复合句中充当宾语的从句,叫宾语从句。二.连接词:连词that(可省略),whether/if,连接代词,who,what,which,whose连接副词,when,where,why,how等。That本身无意义,只起连词作用,口语中可省略。e.g.:Hesaid(that)Katewasgoodatswimming.他说凯特擅长游泳。What,which,who,whose,whom,等连接代词,在从句中作一定的成分,如主语,宾语,定语等。e.g.:Idon'tknowwhattheyaregoingtodo.我不知道他们打算做什么。Heaskedmewhosethebookis.他问我这是谁的书。When(表时间),where(表地点),why(表原因),how(表方式)等连词副词在从句中做主语。e.g.:Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?你能告诉我你来自哪吗?Doyouknowhowtheyfoundtheplace?你知道他们是怎么找到那个地方的吗?if/whether,意为“是否”不作句子成分,但不能省略。e.g.:Heaskedmeif/whetherMissGaoisateacher.他问我高小姐是否是一位老师。注意:if和whether在宾语从句中的用法区别:一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.②在介词前:Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.三、1、主句和从句时态一致的问题(1)如果主句是现在的某种时态,(包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可据实际情况而定。e.g.:Irememberhegavemeabookyesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。(2)如果主句是过去的某种时态,(一般过去时,过去进行时),那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态(一般过中小学个性化辅导专家龙文教育网站:去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时).e.g.:Hetoldmethathewouldtakepartinthehighjump.他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛。(3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或事实,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时.e.g.:Hetoldmethattheearthisround(真理)他告诉我地球是圆的。2、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序,陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。从句不能含有助动词do,does,did.e.g.:Idon’tknowwherehehasgone.我不知道他去哪了?你知道吗?凯特的电子邮件地址吗?What'sKate'se-mailaddress?Doyouknow?=DoyouknowwhatKate'se-mailaddressis?3、宾语从句的连接词(1)当宾语从句是陈述句时,用that引导,如:老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。Shewasagoodgirl,theteachertoldus=Theteachertoldus(that)shewasagoodgirl。注意:引导词that勇于下列情况时不可省略:①当宾语从句的主语是that时,如:他说那是一本有用的书。Hesay'sthatisausefulbook。②当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时,如:我怕如果你丢了它,你必须赔偿它。I'mafraidthatifyou'relostit,youmustpayforit。③当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外其余从句中的that都不可以省略,如:他说这部电影得长有趣,并且他非常喜欢看。Hesaidthatthefilmwasveryinterestingandthatheenjoyedseeingiteverymuch。(2)含疑问语气的句子构成宾语从句时,用whether或if连接,句尾的标点符号取决于主句,如:他问我是不是来自日本。AreyoufromJapan?Heaskedme。=Heaskedif/whetherIwasfromJapan.(3)当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,连接词就用原来的疑问句,但一定要注意用陈述问语序.如:你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗?WhendidheleverforJapan?Couldyoutellme?=couldyoutellmewhenheleftJapan?4、否定转移在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think\believe\suppose等时,要将从句的否定词转移到主语中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定是.如:我认为他不会和你一起来.Idon'tthinkhewillcomewithyou.5、宾语从句的简化(1)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.=Ihopetoreceiveyoure-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。(2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如:Shedoesn'tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.=Shedoesn'tknowwhattodonext.她不知道下一步该做什么。(3)动词seem后的宾语从句可用不定式(短语)来简化,但句型要有适当的变化,通常将宾语从句的主语作为简化的句子的主语,seem(适当时态形式)作谓语。如:Itseemsthatfootballisveryinteresting.=Footballseemstobeveryinteresting.足球似乎非常有趣。(4)宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。如:中小学个性化辅导专家龙文教育网站:=Idon'tbelieveTom'swords.我不相信汤姆所说的话。改错并归纳运用宾语从句时应注意的事项.1.Couldyoutellmewheredoyoulive?注意事项:_______________________________________________________________2.Shetoldmethesunroseintheeast.注意事项:______________________________________________________________3.Idon’tknowwherehegoesyesterday.注意事项:________________________________________________________________4.Heaskedmeifshewillcome.注意事项:________________________________________________________________5.Heaskedthestudentthatshewaslateforschool.注意事项:_______________________________________________________________6.LilyaskedJackthatwhathehaddonelastnight.注意事项:_______________________________________________________________7.TheteacheraskedmeifIhadfinishedmyhomeworkornot.注意事项:_______________________________________________________________中考链接1.Canyoumakesure______?Sorry,Ican’t.ButIdidseeherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.wherehasshegoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego2.Idon'tknow_____hewillbebackhome.A.whoB.whatC.whenD.where3.Couldyoutellme___________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein4.Doyoustillremember_______?A.thathesaidB.whathesaidC.didhesaythatD.whatdidhesay5.Ican'tunderstand______theboyalone.A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleave中小学个性化辅导专家龙文教育网站:’snexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.wherewasthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwas10.Theteachertoldus__________A.theearthrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.B.theearthroseintheeastandsetinthewest.C.theearthwillriseintheeastandsetinthewest.D.theearthhasrisenintheeastandsetinthewest.家庭作业:书面表达昨天你们与英语老师MissYang举行了座谈,问了很多有关怎样提高英语的问题。根据提示写一篇80词的短文。要点如下,可适当发挥。文章开头已给出但不算在总词数之内。尽量使用宾语从句。要点:1.HowwecanrememberEnglishwords.2.whetherlistentothetapeeverydayornot3.
本文标题:宾语从句教案
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