高压线机械除冰车的设计

高压线机械除冰车的设计DesignofMechanicalDe-icingVehicleForHigh-VoltageLinesI摘要近年来，我国南方部分地区频繁发生雨雪冰冻灾害，导致输电线表面结冰、重力增大，高压输电线路大面积受损。为了避免高压线被压坏，保证电力输送的正常进行，就需要将高压线覆冰及时消除。在通过分析现有除冰技术各种利弊后，提出本文的机械除冰车方案。本文的目的是设计并制造一种新型的高压线机械除冰车。论文首先提出了除冰车的整体方案设计及所需解决的主要问题，包括悬挂问题、传动及驱动方式、除冰刀、行走轮和驱动轮的设计。然后进行了包括轴和除冰刀的设计计算、锁紧机构和调节机构设计的机械部分设计计算以及控制部分的设计，并给出了轴和除冰刀的加工工艺。论文最后总结了本设计的创新点及特点，并展示了部分实物及试验照片。本文设计的高压线除冰车不仅除冰方式独特、除冰效率高，而且其自动调节的结构可以减少除冰车在除冰时对高压线的损伤，其体积小，方便人工携带，操作简单，具有广阔的应用前景。关键词：高压线机械除冰车机械设计控制设计IIAbstractInrecentyears,snowandicestormsoccurfrequentlyinpartsofsouthernChina.transmissionlineswerecoveredbyheavyiceandalargedamagewascaused.Inordertoavoidtransmissionlinesbeingcrushedandensurethenormalpowertransmission,theheavyicecoveredinhigh-voltagemustbeeliminatedintime.Soweproposeamechanicalde-icingVehicleinthispaperthroughanalyzingvarietyofprosandconsoftheexistingde-icingtechnology.Thepurposeofthispaperistodesignanmanufactureanewtypeofmechanicalde-icingvehicleforhigh-voltagelines.Firstweproposedade-icingvehicle’soveralldesignandmajorproblemsneededtobesolved,includingtheissueofsuspension,transmissionanddrive,inadditiontothedesignoficeskates,runningwheelsanddrivingwheels.Thenwedesignandcalculatethemechanicalpartsofthede-icingVehicle,includetheaxisandiceskate’s,lockingandadjustingmechanism’sdesign,andcontrolparts.Thenwegavetheprocessingofaxisandiceskate.Intheendofthepaper,weconcludesinnovationsandshowsomephysicalandtestphotos.Thede-icingmachineryforhigh-voltageproposedinthispapernotonlyhasuniquede-icingway，highde-icingefficiency，butalsoitstheautomaticadjustmentofthestructurecanreducetheinjurytohigh-voltagelinesduringthede-icing，itssmallsize，convenientartificiallycarry，haswideapplicationprospects.Keywords：De-icingmachineryforhigh-voltagelinesmechanicaldesigncontroldesignIII目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract...............................................................................................................................II1绪论..............................................................................................................................11.1课题来源.....................................................................................................................11.2课题的目的和意义.....................................................................................................11.3国内外研究现状.........................................................................................................11.4本文的研究内容.........................................................................................................22总体方案设计................................................................................................................32.1除冰车的整体设计.....................................................................................................32.2本设计所需解决的问题.............................................................................................42.2.1机械除冰车在高压线上的悬挂方式......................................................................42.2.2传动方式..................................................................................................................42.2.3驱动方式及控制......................................................................................................42.2.4除冰刀......................................................................................................................52.2.5行走轮与驱动轮......................................................................................................53机械部分的设计计算....................................................................................................63.1后轮轴.........................................................................................................................63.1.1前提假设..................................................................................................................63.1.2电机的选择..............................................................................................................63.1.3后轮轴系的估算......................................................................................................63.2前轮轴.........................................................................................................................83.3除冰刀及除冰刀轴.....................................................................................................83.3.1方案比较..................................................................................................................83.3.2除冰刀轴的设计....................................................................................................103.4锁紧机构...................................................................................................................103.4.1方案比较................................................................................................................10IV3.4.2锁紧轮的选择........................................................................................................123.4.3锁紧轴系