中考英语被动语态复习课件

festival.swf被动语态专项复习天王镇初级中学李艺伟课前热身Readthewordsaboutchorescleanmybedroomwashclothescookmeals做饭waterflowerstakeoutthetrashdothedishesmakeone’sbedReadandanswer1.--Whocleansyourbedroomatyourhome?--Mybedroomiscleanedbymymother/myself.2.--Whowashesyourclothes?--Myclothesarewashedbymymother/myself/washingmachine.洗衣机Readandanswer3.--Whocooksmealsatyourhome?--Themealsarecookedbymymother/me.4.--Whowatersflowersatyourhome?--TheflowersarewateredbymyfatherReadandanswer5.--Whotakesoutthetrashatyourhome?--Thetrashistakenoutbymymother/myself.6.--Whodoesthedishesatyourhome?--Thedishesaredonebymyfather7.--Whomakesyourbedatyourhome?--Mybedismadebymyself.Report(报告)Inmyfamily，mybedroomiscleanedbymyself，Thetrashistakenoutbymeandmybedismadebymyself，Butotherchoresaredonebymyparents.被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。Heplantstreesinspring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesareplantedbyhim将主动语态改为被动语态inspring.Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.主动语态变被动语态的方法把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、、”来进行。即：①变-----把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾语。②套-----根据原句的时态套用相应时态。③注意-----注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。例：①ManypeoplespeakEnglish.English__________bymanypeople.②Hewashedhisshoesyesterday.Hisshoes___________byhimyesterday.isspokenwerewashed一变二套三注意主动语态被动语态一般现在时S+V(原形)/V(e)sS+am/is/are+Vpp一般过去时S+V-ed/madeS+was/were+Vpp一般将来时S+will+V(原形)S+will+be+Vpp含情态动词S+情态动词+V(原形)S+情态动词+be+Vpp现在进行时S+is/am/are+v-ingS+is/am/are+being+vpp过去进行时S+was/were+v-ingS+was/were+being+vpp现在完成时S+have/has+v(过去分词)S+have/has+been+vpp过去完成时S+had+vppS+had+been+vpp各种时态的主动语态和被动语态何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：Mybikewasstolen．我的自行车被盗了。精讲点拨三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知……Itiswellknownthat…据推测说……Itissupposedthat…四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．在被动语态中要注意的问题：一些使役动词(let,have,make等)或感官动词(see,hear,watch,notice等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带to，但改为被动语态时，一定带to。如：A.Thebossmakestheworkerswork18hoursaday.(变被动语态)Theworkersaremadetowork18hoursadaybytheboss.B.Isawhimenterthehouse.[变被动语态}Hewasseentoenterthehousebyme.C.Theteacherletthemleavetheclassroomafterclass.(变被动语态)Theywerelettoleavetheclassroombytheteacherafterclass.(一)拓展提升当使用see/hear/watchsbdosth.时，变为被动语态时，do前要带to。而当使用see/hear/watchsbdoingsth时，变为被动语态时，doing保持不变。如：1.Wehearhersingintheroomeveryday.（变被动语态）She________________intheroomeveryday.2.Isawhimgoingintotheshop.(主动语态)He______________intotheshop.(被动语态)tosingwasseengoingisheard使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表主动语态被动语态使役动词makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.havesb.dosth.sb.behadtodosth.letsb.dosth.sb.belettodosth.感观动词seesb.dosth.sb.beseentodosth.watchsb.dosth.sb.bewatchedtodosth.hearsb.dosth.sb.beheardtodosth.noticesb.dosth.sb.benoticedtodosth.go在被动语态中要注意的问题：（二）汉译英：我们国家把老人照顾得很好。Oldpeople__________________________inourcountry.aretakengoodcareof也可填arelookedafterwell在主动语态中某些谓语动词是短语动词，要将短语动词视为一个整体，变为被动语态时我们不能丢掉其后的介词或副词。在被动语态中要注意的问题：（三）(1)这几年,我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。Greatchangesinmyhometownovertheyears.(2)吉姆昨天发生了车祸。______________________________________________(3)如果你努力的话，你会实现梦想的。Ifyouworkhard,yourdreamwill___________________.谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义havetakenplaceAcaraccidenthappenedtoJimyesterday.cometrue1.有些不及物动词和短语无被动语态，用主动语态表达被动的意思。如：happen,takeplace,cometrue,comeout,last,runout(用完)等。翻译句子：(1).Thispen__________.这支笔好写。(2).Thejeans___________.这条牛仔裤好洗。(3).Theapples____________and___________.这些苹果闻起来很香，卖得好/好卖。(4).Everything______________inspring.春季万物都生长得很好。2.少数动词后面有副词well的时候也不用被动语态。（如：writewell,washwell,sellwell,growwell）系动词也不用于被动语态。（如：look看起来，sound听起来，feel摸起来，smell闻起来，taste尝起来）writeswellwashwellsellwellgrowswell（不用iswritten）（不用arewashed）smellgood汉译英：这家商店早晨八点开始营业，晚上十点停止营业。Theshop__________at8o'clocka.m.and__________attenp.m.openscloses注意：open与close1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.Theticketwasfoundwastold5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous10.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.11.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken课外作业搜集中考复习资料上有关被动语态的专项训练题作为定时作业进行检测。Classisover!Seeyounexttime!