中英教育制度的对比

Whatdoeseducationmean?Accordingtothedictionary,toeducatemeanstobringupandtrainthemindandwayofthinking.Educationisanimportantthingwhichcanbrightenpeople'smindsandexpandtheirknowledge.Tosomedegree,theeducationalsystemsoftwobigcountriesintheworld,theUnitedKingdom(UK)andChina,areverycomplicated.Theybothhaveadvantagesanddisadvantagesineachphaseofeducation.ThisdocumentprovidesabriefcomparisonoftheeducationalsystemsintheUKandChinarelatingtothefollowinglevelsofeducation:(1)PrimaryEducation;(2)SecondaryEducation;and(3)HigherEducation.Itprovidessuggestionsforhowtheeducationalsystemsineachcountrycouldbeimproved,concludingthateducationisoneofthemostbasic,yetmostimportantelementsinasociety,thuscountriesneedtotrytoimprovetheireducationalsystemstotheextentpossible.InChina,theeducationisdividedintothreecategories:basiceducation,highereducation,andadulteducation.TheCompulsoryEducationLawofstipulatesthateachchildhavenineyearsofformaleducation.BasicEducationBasiceducationinChinaincludespre-schooleducation,primaryeducationandregularsecondaryeducation.Preschool,orkindergarten,canlastuptothreeyears,withchildrenenteringasearlyasagethree,untilagesix,whentheytypicallyenterelementaryschool.Theacademicyearisdividedintotwosemesters.Secondaryeducationisdividedintoacademicsecondaryeducationandspecialized/vocational/technicalsecondaryeducation.Academicsecondaryeducationisdeliveredbyacademicloweranduppermiddleschools.Lowermiddleschoolgraduateswishingtocontinuetheireducationtakealocallyadministeredentranceexam,onthebasisofwhichtheywillhavetheoptioneitherofcontinuinginanacademicuppermiddleschoolorofenteringavocationalsecondaryschool.Vocationalschoolsofferprogramsrangingfromtwotofouryearsandtrainmedium-levelskilledworkers,farmers,andmanagerialandtechnicalpersonnel.Technicalschoolstypicallyofferfour-yearsprogramstotrainintermediatetechnicalpersonnel.“SchoolsforSkilledWorkers”typicallytrainjuniormiddleschoolgraduatesforpositionsrequiringproductionandoperationskills.Thelengthoftrainingistypicallythreeyear.HigherEducationHighereducationattheundergraduatelevelincludestwo-andthree-yearjuniorcolleges(sometimesalsocalledshort-cyclecolleges,four-yearcolleges,anduniversitiesofferingprogramsinbothacademicandvocationalsubjects.Manycollegesanduniversitiesalsooffergraduateprogramsleadingtothemaster’sorPh.D.degree.Chinesehighereducationattheundergraduatelevelisdividedintothree-yearandfour-yearprograms.Theformerisofferednotonlyatshort-cyclecolleges,butfrequentlyalsoatfour-yearcollegesanduniversities.Thelatterisofferedatfour-yearcollegesanduniversitiesbutdonotalwaysleadtothebachelor’sdegree.Myriadhighereducationopportunitiesalsofallunderthegeneralcategoryofadulteducation.AdultEducationTheadulteducationcategoryoverlapsallthreeoftheabovecategories.AdultprimaryeducationincludesWorkers’PrimarySchools,Peasants’PrimarySchools,andliteracyclasses.Adultsecondaryeducationincludesradio/TVspecializedsecondaryschools,specializedsecondaryschoolforcadres,specializedsecondaryschoolsforstaffandworkers,specializedsecondaryschoolsforpeasants,in-serviceteachertrainingschoolsandcorrespondencespecializedsecondaryschools.Adulthighereducationincludesradio/TVuniversities,cadreinstitutes,workers’colleges,peasantcolleges,correspondencecolleges,andeducationalcolleges.Mostoftheaboveofferbothtwo-andthree-yearshort-cyclecurricula;onlyafewalsoofferregularundergraduatecurricula.TheDifferentEducationSystembetweenChinaandBritainAbstract:ThispaperstudieddifferencesbetweenChineseeducationandBritisheducationinbrief.Asweallknow,everycountryhasitsuniqueeducationsystem.Nowletusknowthedifference.Keywords:differenceeducationChinaBritainI．EducationinChinaInChina,theeducationisdividedintothreecategories:basiceducation,highereducation,andadulteducation.TheCompulsoryEducationLawofstipulatesthateachchildhavenineyearsofformaleducation.BasicEducationBasiceducationinChinaincludespre-schooleducation,primaryeducationandregularsecondaryeducation.Preschool,orkindergarten,canlastuptothreeyears,withchildrenenteringasearlyasagethree,untilagesix,whentheytypicallyenterelementaryschool.Theacademicyearisdividedintotwosemesters.Secondaryeducationisdividedintoacademicsecondaryeducationandspecialized/vocational/technicalsecondaryeducation.Academicsecondaryeducationisdeliveredbyacademicloweranduppermiddleschools.Lowermiddleschoolgraduateswishingtocontinuetheireducationtakealocallyadministeredentranceexam,onthebasisofwhichtheywillhavetheoptioneitherofcontinuinginanacademicuppermiddleschoolorofenteringavocationalsecondaryschool.Vocationalschoolsofferprogramsrangingfromtwotofouryearsandtrainmedium-levelskilledworkers,farmers,andmanagerialandtechnicalpersonnel.Technicalschoolstypicallyofferfour-yearsprogramstotrainintermediatetechnicalpersonnel.“SchoolsforSkilledWorkers”typicallytrainjuniormiddleschoolgraduatesforpositionsrequiringproductionandoperationskills.Thelengthoftrainingistypicallythreeyear.HigherEducationHighereducationattheundergraduatelevelincludestwo-andthree-yearjuniorcolleges(sometimesalsocalledshort-cyclecollege