英语常用词性后缀

英语常用词性后缀1.名词后缀1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker,debtor2)-acy,表示/性质,状态,境遇/democracy,accuracy,diplomacy3)-ance,-ence表示/性质,状况,行为,总量,程度/importance,diligence,difference,obedience4)-ancy,-ency,表示/性质,状态,行为,frequency,urgency,efficiency5)-bility,表示/动作,性质,状态/possibility,flexibility,feasibility6)-dom,表示/等级,领域,状态/freedom,kingdom,wisdom7)-hood,表示/资格,身份,年纪,状态/childhood,manhood,falsehood8)-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition,表示/行为的过程,结果,状况/action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction9)-ism,表示/制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为/socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism10)-ity,表示/性质,状态,程度/purity,reality,ability,calamity11)-ment,表示/行为,状态,手段及其结果treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument12)-ness,表示/性质,状态,程度/goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness13)-ship,表示/情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业/hardship,membership,friendship14)-th,表示/动作,性质,状态/depth,wealth,truth,length,growth15)-tude,表示/性质,状态,程度/latitude,altitude(海拔)16)-ure,表示/行为,结果/exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(手续)17-grapy,表示/……学,写法/biography,calligraphy,geography18)-ic,ics,表示/……学……法/logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics19)-ology,表示/……学……论/biology,zoology,technology(工艺学)20)-nomy,表示/……学……术/astronomy,economy,bionomy(生态学)2.形容词后缀1)-able,-ible,visible,flexible2)名词-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(注意accomplish,vanish)3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive4)-like,manlike,childlike5)名词-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly6)-some,troublesome,handsome7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various9)-ent,violent10)-most,foremost,topmost11)-less,表示否定countless,stainless,wireless3.动词后缀1)-ize,ise,表示/做成,变成,……化/modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize2)-en,表示/使成为,引起,使有/quicken,weaken,soften,harden3)-fy,表示/使……化,使成/beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify4)-ish,表示/使,令/finish,abolish,diminish,establish5)-ate,表示/成为……,处理,作用/separate,operate,indicate4.副词后缀(形容词)-ly：bad→badly坏地,恶劣地,careful→carefully小心地-wise(OE)：clock→clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地);like→likewise同样地-wards：out→outwards向外面地,north→northwards向北方地