沉静领导原版HarvardBusinessSchoolPress-LeadingQuietly

LeadingQuietlyHARVARDBUSINESSSCHOOLPRESSJosephL.Badaracco,Jr.TEAMFLYTeam-Fly®LeadingQuietlyBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageiBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageiiThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlankAnUnorthodoxGuidetoDoingtheRightThingQuietlyJosephL.Badaracco,Jr.HARVARDBUSINESSSCHOOLPRESSBoston,MassachusettsLeadingBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageiiiCopyright2002JosephL.Badaracco,Jr.AllrightsreservedPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica060504030254321Requestsforpermissiont[e-mail],ormailedtoPermissions,HarvardBusinessSchoolPublishing,60HarvardWay,Boston,Massachusetts02163.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataBadaracco,Joseph.Leadingquietly:anunorthodoxguidetodoingtherightthing/JosephL.Badaracco.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN1-57851-487-8(alk.paper)1.Leadership.I.Title.HD57.7.B3322002658.4'092—dc212001043092ThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstherequirementsoftheAmericanNationalStandardforPermanenceofPaperforPublicationsandDocumentsinLibrariesandArchivesZ39.48-1992.Badaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageivFORGABRIELLABadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPagevBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageviThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlankContentsIntroduction1ONEDon’tKidYourself11TWOTrustMixedMotives33THREEBuyaLittleTime53FOURInvestWisely71FIVEDrillDown91SIXBendtheRules111SEVENNudge,Test,andEscalateGradually127EIGHTCraftaCompromise147NINEThreeQuietVirtues169Appendix:ANoteonSources181Notes189Acknowledgments193Index195AbouttheAuthor201Badaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageviiBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageviiiThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlankLeadingQuietlyBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPageixBadaraccoi-xFM3rd11/14/014:27PMPagexThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlankTEAMFLYTeam-Fly®
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EIntroductionEVERYPROFESSIONandwalkoflifehasitsgreatfigures,leaders,andheroes.Thinkofthemenandwomenwhocreateortransformmajorcompanies,thepoliticalleaderswhoreshapesociety,thefirefighterswhorisktheirlivestosaveothers.Weexalttheseindi-vidualsasrolemodelsandcelebratetheirachievements.Theyrep-resent,wefeel,thetruemodelofleadership.Butdotheyreally?Iaskthisbecause,overthecourseofacareerspentstudyingmanagementandleadership,Ihaveobservedthatthemosteffectiveleadersarerarelypublicheroes.Thesemenandwomenaren’thigh-profilechampionsofcauses,anddon’twanttobe.Theydon’tspearheadethicalcrusades.Theymovepatiently,carefully,andincrementally.Theydowhatisright—fortheirorganizations,forthepeoplearoundthem,andforthem-selves—inconspicuouslyandwithoutcasualties.IhavecometocallthesepeoplequietleadersbecausetheirmodestyandrestraintareinlargemeasureresponsiblefortheirBadaracco001-010intro2nd11/14/014:30PMPage1impressiveachievements.Andsincemanybigproblemscanonlyberesolvedbyalongseriesofsmallefforts,quietleadership,despiteitsseeminglyslowpace,oftenturnsouttobethequickestwaytomakeanorganization—andtheworld—abetterplace.Thisbookistheresultofafour-yearstudyofquietleadership.Itpresentsaseriesofstoriesdescribingquietleadersatworkanddrawspracticallessonsfromtheirefforts.Underlyingthesestoriesisanunorthodoxviewofleadership.Itbuildsontheheroicapproach,butoffersamuchbroaderperspectiveonwhatcountsasresponsible,effectiveleadershipinorganizations.AlbertSchweitzer’sViewButdowereallyneedabroaderperspective?Don’tthegreatlead-ersteachuswhatweneedtoknow?Theseareimportantques-tions,andtheanswertothemisn’tsimple.Storiesofheroiceffortdoteachusindispensablelessonsincourageanddedication.Theyalsoshowusthehighesthumanidealsandhelpparentsandteacherspassonimportantvalues.Andthesearenotmerelystories:Withouttheeffortsofgreatindividu-als,ourworldwouldbeanemptierandmeanerplace.Weowethesemenandwomenouradmirationandgratitude.Theproblemisthattheheroicviewofleadershiplooksatpeo-pleintermsofapyramid.Atthetoparethegreatfigures.Theyhaveclear,strongvaluesandknowrightfromwrong.Theyactboldly,sacrificethemselvesfornoblecauses,setcompellingexamplesforothers,andultimatelychangetheworld.Atthebottomofthepyra-midarelife’sbystanders,shirkers,andcowards.TheseareT.S.Eliot’s“hollowmen,”afraidtoactandpreoccupiedwithself-interest.1Theyinspirenooneandchangenothing.Introduction
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Badaracco001-010intro2nd11/14/014:30PMPage2Butwheredoesthisviewleaveeveryoneelse?Mostpeople,mostofthetime,areneithersavingtheworldnorexploitingit.Theyarelivingtheirlives,doingtheirjobs,andtryingtotakecareofthepeoplearoundthem.Thepyramidapproach,bysayinglittleabouteverydaylifeandordinarypeople,seemstoconsignmuchofhumanitytoamurky,morallimbo.Thisisaseriousmistake.ConsidertheviewofAlbertSchweitzer,amanwho,byanystandard,wasatrulyheroicleader.Inhislatetwenties,Schweitzerabandonedtwopromisingcareerpaths—oneasamusician,theotherasatheologian—thatwouldhaveledtoacomfortable,set-tled,andsecurelife.Instead,hebecameamedicalmissionaryandspentmostofhislifeservinglepersandvictimsofsleepingsicknessincentralAfrica.Hisdecadesofhard,lonely,andsometimesdan-gerousworkwererewardedwiththeNobelPeacePrizein1952,andSchweitzerusedthefundsfromtheprizetoexpandhishospi-tal.Heworkedthereuntilhisdeathattheageofninety