独家权威震撼发布：张中宁主编《最新西方报刊经贸文章选读》课后作业答案Lesson05

KEYTOEXERCISESSectionA:TextComprehensionI.ReferenceAnswerstoPre-readingQuestions:1.Totheauthor,theChinesefactoriesarethemoststartlingandintenseaspectoftoday’sChina.Fornow,theyarealsothemostimportant.[Para1]2.TheRMB’srisewillforceamultinationaltoputitsnextfactorynotinChina’scrowdedcoastalregionbutsomeplacewithevenlowercosts,liketheremoteinteriorprovinces,orperhapsVietnamorCambodia.[Para6]3.TheauthorthinksthemanufacturingexportboomhasplayedasignificantpartinChina’seconomicsuccessandliftedmillionsofChineseoutofpoverty.[Para11]4.HethinksitkeepssendingitsprofitstoAmericaandinthelongrunChinamustchangethispolicy.[Para20]5.ThemainreasonisChina’slimitedpoolofexecutiveswithadequateforeign-languageskillsandexperienceworkingabroad.[Para33]6.Today’strendsintheU.S.areborrowing,consuming,lookinginward,andusingupinfrastructure.TheauthorthinksthatthosetrendswillmakeithardfortheU.S.tostayaheadinthefutureworld,andAmericanpeopleshouldchangethosetrends.[Para39]SectionB:ExercisesI.VocabularyBuildupChoosethebestequivalentwordorphrasefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDforeachunderlinedwordorphraseinthefollowingsentences.1.A2.B3.C4.D5.D6.C7.B8.A9.A10.B11.C12.DII.BusinessTerms1.GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingbusinesstermsandexpressionswhichwouldbefoundinthegivenparagraphsofthetext.(不少于十题，尽量选商务词汇)1).（工厂产品的）装配线2).钢铁厂3).食品卫生与安全4).苦役；奴役5).第十一个五年计划6).收入不平衡7).依靠最低工资生活8).更激烈的价格竞争9).磁盘存储器10).音频设备11).特色产品12).东京证券交易所13).隐蔽的贸易壁垒14).替代的能源供应15).反倾销税2.GivetheEnglishEquivalentsofthefollowingBusinesstermsandexpressionswhichwouldbefoundinthegivenparagraphsofthetext.1).roundtheclock2).theelectricpowerplants3).intellectualproperty4).pirateversion5).centraltheme6).migrantlaborers7).brandname8).displayscreen9).electroniccomponents10).high-endEthernetconnectingcables11).chainstore12).tradefriction13).economicmodel14).retaliatorytariffs15).exportsubsidiesIII.TextComprehensionAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.1.Theauthorwantstoprovehisideathatthefactoriesarethemoststartling,intenseandimportantaspectoftoday’sChina,andtheyarestartlingaboveallintheirscale.[Paras1-2]2.ThetopicsentenceofPara3isthefirstone,“thefactoriesareimportant,forChinaandeveryoneelse.”Theauthorsupportshisideabyofferingthefollowingthreesupportingdetails:1.China’ssuccessinmanufacturingdeterminesitsplaceintheworld;2.China’sfactoriessupportgoodcausesinChinadirectlyorindirectly;3.thecheappriceofChinesegoodsisimportanttoAmericanindustrialanddomesticlife,too.Simplyput,China’sfactoriescontributetoChina’splaceintheworld,China’sgoodcauses,andtheUSconsumers.[Para3]3.Intheauthor’seyes,thebadeffectsofChina’sfactoriesareasfollows:pollution,competitionforrawmaterials;slapdashstandardoffoodpurityandsafety,andthelossofjobsintheotherpartsoftheworld.[Para4]4.Theauthorthinksthatsomeofthesecomplaintsarewell-founded,othersarenot;butevenifallweretrue,theywouldmisdescribeandundervaluewhatisgoingonhere.[Para6]5.Theauthorwantstousethissentenceasatransitionalsignalwhichconnectsthefollowingargumentswiththeideashownintheprecedingparagraph,thatis,Thesefactoriesarebothsurprisingandimportantinalessobvious,thoughalsofundamental,way,andalmostnothingaboutthewaytheyworkcorrespondstothewaytheyarediscussedintheUnitedStates.[Paras5-6]6.ItistheChina’sdevelopmentasa“harmonioussociety”.[Para8]7.Thatideaisnotsoobjective.TheworkingconditionsofthefactoriesinChinaarereallyverypoor,butworkersfromthehinterlandarebetteroffeventhanAmericanslivingonminimumwage.Theycansavemostofwhattheymakeandfeeltheyareonthewayup;theAmericancan’tanddoesn’t.ThoughthepayofAmericanslivingonminimumwageisabout10timestheChinesefactorywage,butthat’sbeforepayrolldeductionsandthecostoffoodandhousing,whicharefreeorsubsidizedinChina’sfactorytowns.[Para10]8.Ofcourseithas.Thoughitcreatespollution,China’sgoalofdevelopingaharmonioussocietyhasshownitsattempttodealwithincomeinequalitiesandtheenvironmentprotection.Thoughmanypeoplehavebeenmistreatedinfactories,yetthisupheaval,unlikethedisastrousGreatLeapForward,etc,stillhassomebenefitsforindividualsandthenation.Thoughworkingconditionsamounttoslavelabor,peoplearearguablybetteroffeconomicallyandfeeltheyareonthewayup.Thegreatestgoodforthegreatestnumberoftheworld’spreviouslyimpoverishedpeopleinatleastthelasthalfcenturyhasbeenachievedinChina,thankslargelytotheoutsourcingboom.Thateconomicsuccessistrue,itisimportant,andthemanufacturingexportboomhasbeenasignificantpartofhowChinahasdoneit.Themagnitudeoftheachievementcan’tbeignored.[Paras8-11]9.ThecurveisnamedfortheU-shapedarcofthe1970s-erasmiley-faceicon,anditrunsfromthebeginningtotheendofaproduct’screationandsaleinthefollowingsequence:thecompany’sbrand——theideafortheproduct——high-levelindustrialdesign——thedetailedengineeringdesign——thenecessarycomponents——theactualmanufactureandassembly——theshippinganddistribution——retailsales——servicecontractsandsalesofpartsandaccessories.[Para13]10.Thecompanywhichstandsatthetwoendscanearnmoremoney.Chinesecompaniesalwaysstandinthemiddlestages,whileAmericanonesatthetwoends.[Para14]11.About$30to$40—3to4percentofthetotal—wouldbeearned