考研英语阅读练习题

TEXTONEApteraiscertainlynotthesortofnameanold-schoolcarmakerwouldgivetoitsnewestcreation.Biologistswillrecogniseitasthetermforscuttlingwinglessinsects—silverfishandsuchlike.ButSteveFambro,thebossoftheeponymousCaliforniancompanythatplanstomakeandsellelectricvehiclesunderthisname,hopestheywillsoonbeswarmingoverthestate'shighways.UnlikeTesla,anotherboutiqueelectric-vehiclemakerfromtheGoldenState,Apteraisaimingforthebottomendofthemarket.ATeslasportscarwillsetyouback$98,000(oritwouldifyoucouldgetyourhandsonone:Teslahasdelayedshipmentofitsfirst50carsuntilnextyear).AnAptera,bycontrast,startsat$26,900,andshouldbeavailablethistimenextyear.AndinsteadofaFerrariknock-off,yougetaspace-agetricycle.ButApteraandTeslahavethingsincommon.Theyarebothsmall.Theywerebothstartedbypeoplewithnoexperienceinthemotorindustry.Andtheyarebothaimingtostartbyropingintheeco-fashionistasofCalifornia,andthenworkoutwardstothemainstream.ThenameApterawaschosenbecausethevehicleresemblesasmall,winglessaircraft.Itsthree-wheeldesignexemptsitfromonerousfederaltestingregulations.Theoutershellismadeofacarbon-fibrecomposite,ratherthanmetal.Thelinesarewind-tunnelaerodynamic.Andprotuberancesarekepttoaminimum.Wingmirrors,forexample,arereplacedbyarear-facingcamerawitha180°fieldofviewandtheexhaustvalvesarerecessedtominimiseturbulence.Inthepureplug-inversion,thosevalvesareforwasteheatfromtheelectronics.Thereisalsoapetrol-electrichybrid,withasingle-cylindergeneratorthatextendstherangefrom200kmto1,130km.Topspeedis150kph.OnereasonfortheemergenceoffirmssuchasApteraisthatdesigninganewvehiclehasbecomeasmuchanexerciseinsoftwaresimulationasinmetal(orevencarbon-fibre)bashing.Thatenablesthefirm'sengineerstodoextensivedevelopmentwork—eventhingslikecrash-testing—onacomputer.Thisismuchcheaperthanbuildingendlessprototypesanddrivinglotsofthemintowalls.Anotherreasonisthewidespreadavailabilityofpreviouslyspecialisedcomponentssuchaslithium-ionbatteries.ThatmeansthatanupstartsuchasApteracanfocusontheelectronicbrainsofthevehicleanditsfinalassembly,ratherthanhavingtomakeeverythingfromscratch.Itcanthus,itbelieves,turnaprofitwithouthavingtoproducelargevolumes.Automotivehistoryislitteredwithfailedattemptstobuildelectriccars,andscepticsmightthinkthelatestbatchwillbenodifferent.Thatthereisafashionforsuchvehicles,though,ishardtodeny.BesidesApteraandTesla—whichare,intheirdifferentways,themostconspicuousexamples—VentureVehiclesofLosAngelesisproposinganelectricversionoftheDutchCarverthree-wheeledmotorbike,whilePhoenixMotorcarsofOntario,California,hasproducedasports-utilitytruck.Meanwhile,REVA,anIndianfirm,andThinkGlobal,aNorwegianone,aremakingtwo-doorhatchbacks.Indeed,accordingtotheVentureCapitalJournal,about$220mhasbeeninvestedinsuchsmallfirmsoverthepastyearandahalf.1.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofthecommoncharacteristsofTeslaandAptera?[A]Bothofthemareenvioroment-friendly.[B]BothofthemarefromsmallcompaniesofCaliforniaandthenexpandoutwards.[C]Bothofthemareoriginatedfromthemarginalstatusoftheindustry.[D]Bothofthemarecreatedbygreenhandsofautomobilebusiness.2.Thepetrol-electrichybridversionofApteraisdifferentfromitsotherversionsinthat_____[A]Topspeedofthehybridishigherthanthanoftheotherversions.[B]Thehybridpossessesastrongercapacityoflong-distancedrivewithrapidspeed.[C]Thehybridhasaspecialgeneratorthatischaracterizedbyasolecylinder.[D]Thehybridgeneratemoreturbulencethantheotherversions.3.Theword“protuberance”(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans_____[A]protrusion.[B]accessory.[C]adjunct.[D]impetus.4.FirmssuchasApteraaregrowingupbecauseofthefollowingreasonsexcept_____[A]Technologiesofmetalbashingsimulationarewelldevelopped.[B]Thecostofmakingcarsisgreatlyreduced.[C]Somespecializedpartsareavailabletothem.[D]Largeventureinvestmentisdevotedtosuchbusiness.5.Towardstothefutureoftheelectriccars,theauthor’sattitudecanbesaidtobe_____[A]optimistic.[B]lukewarm.[C]wait-and-see.[D]enthusiastic.篇章剖析：这篇文章讲述了一些新型汽车的情况。第一段讲述了Aptera在推出其最新产品；第二、三段讲述这一新产品的特点；第四段讲述Aptera公司目前的研发优势；第五段讲述许多公司现在都开始进军该领域。词汇注释：scuttlev.仓皇奔逃；匆匆跑走eponymousadj.齐名的swarmv.挤满tricyclen.三轮车onerousadj.麻烦的aerodynamicadj.空气动力的protuberancen.凸起valven.阀门lithiumn.锂litterv.乱丢，弄乱hatchbackn.有仓门式后背的车难句突破：(1)ButSteveFambro,thebossoftheeponymousCaliforniancompanythatplanstomakeandsellelectricvehiclesunderthisname,hopestheywillsoonbeswarmingoverthestate'shighways.[主体句式]ButSteveFambrohopes…[结构分析]这是一个复合句，thebossof…是做主语的同位语；该同位语中that引导的是定语从句，用来修饰company。[句子译文]但是计划用这个名字来制造并销售电动汽车的齐名的加利福尼亚公司老总SteveFambro希望它们很快就能挤满加州的高速公路。(1)BesidesApteraandTesla—whichare,intheirdifferentways,themostconspicuousexamples—VentureVehiclesofLosAngelesisproposinganelectricversionoftheDutchCarverthree-wheeledmotorbike,whilePhoenixMotorcarsofOntario,California,hasproducedasports-utilitytruck.[主体句式]BesidesApteraandTesla,VentureVehicles…isproposing…while…[结构分析]这是一个复合句。while引导的是句子的伴随状语。[句子译文]除了Aptera和Tesla这两个最有名的例子，洛杉矶的冒险汽车公司也在计划制造德国Carver三轮摩托车式的电动车，而加州安大略的凤凰汽车公司已经制造了一种运动型载重卡车。题目分析：1.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofthecommoncharacteristsofTeslaandAptera?1.关于Tesla和Aptera