虚拟语气(小结)

1.BeingaLeaguemember,heisalwayshelpingothers.2.Judgingfromhisappearance,hemustbeanactor.3.Iftimepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.4.Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.5.(While)workinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.1、由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。2、在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。3、他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。4、从外表看，他一定是个演员。5、如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。1.Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.2.ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.3.HestillremembersbeingtakentoShanghaiwhenhewasveryyoung.4.Withtheboyleadingtheway,wehadnotroublefindingthewaytoZhongshanPark.5.Themissingboywaslastseenplayingneartheriver.1、如果再多关照的话，树长得会更好。2、作为一门外语为教英语而写的第一本教科书是十六世纪出版的。3、我一直还记得小时候被带着去上海。4、在小孩的带领下，我们顺利地找到了中山公园。5、失踪的男孩最后一次被看见是在河边玩。虚拟语气（SubjunctiveMood）和现在的事实相反和过去的事实相反和将来的事实相反非真实条件句中的虚拟语气If从句主句didbe---werewouldshouldcouldmight+dohaddonewouldshouldcouldmight+havedone1)did2)shoulddo3)weretodowouldshouldcouldmight+doIf条件虚拟第一层次（基础）1)If+S+were/did,S+would/should/could/mightdo2)If+S+haddone,S+would/should/could/might+havedone3)If+S+were/did,If+S+shoulddo,If+S+weretodo,S+would/should/could/mightdoIf条件虚拟倒装第二层次1)IfIwereyou,Iwouldgothere.--------___________,Iwouldgothere.2)IfIhadwalkedfast,IwouldhavecaughtupwithTom.--------_________________,IwouldhavecaughtupwithTom.3)Ifitweretoraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgothere.-------______________________,Iwouldn’tgothere.4)Ifitshouldrain,Iwouldnotgothere.--------______________,Iwouldnotgothere.WereIyouHadIwalkedfastWereittoraintomorrowShoulditrain含蓄虚拟第三层次1)Withoutwater,wewoulddie.------Ifwe_______nowater,wewoulddie.2)Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailedintheexam.------Ifyou_____________me,Iwouldhavefailedintheexam.hadhadn’thelped混合虚拟第四层次(混合虚拟)1)IfIhadstudiedveryhardbefore,Iwouldgetagoodmarknow.2)Ifhehaddrunkenoughwaterjustnow,hewouldn’tbethirstynow.和现在的事实相反和过去的事实相反和将来的事实相反非真实条件句中的虚拟语气If从句主句didwerewouldshouldcouldmight+dohaddonewouldshouldcouldmighthavedone1)did2)shoulddo3)weretodowouldshouldcouldmight+dowish所引导的虚拟wish+that+S+were/didwish+that+S+haddonewish+that+S+woulddoS+coulddoS+mightdodidwerewere/didhaddonewoulddocoulddomightdohaddonewouldshouldcouldmight+do遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟wish所引导的虚拟wish+that+S+were/did(现在)wish+that+S+haddone(过去)wish+that+S+woulddo(将来)S+coulddoS+mightdo遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟asif/asthough所引导的虚拟asif/though+S+were/did(现在)asif/though+S+haddone(过去)asif/though+S+woulddo(将来)S+coulddoS+mightdo遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟ifonly所引导的虚拟Ifonly+S+were/did(现在)Ifonly+S+haddone(过去)Ifonly+S+woulddo(将来)S+coulddoS+mightdoIfonlyIwereachildnow!IfonlyIhadn’tdonethatsillything!•It’s(high)timethat….（早该……）•It's(about)timethat….（早该……）•that后谓语动词用•动词过去式或should+动词原形。•should不可省略。•Itistimethechildrenwenttobed.•孩子们早该上床睡觉了。（表示催促）•Itistimethechildrenshouldgotobed.itis(high;about)time引导的虚拟…that+S+(should)do/(should)bedone一坚持：二命令：四建议：五要求：insistorder,commandsuggest,advise,propose;recommendrequest,require,demand,desire,urge***suggest&insist表命令、建议、要求后的宾语从句混合虚拟1)Iwouldhaveattendedthepartyyesterday,butI_____ill.A.hadfallenB.fellC.wouldfallD.havefallenIfIhadn’tfallenill,Iwouldhaveattendedthepartyyesterday,butIfellill,soIdidn’tattendthepartyyesterday.Bwouldhaveattended第五层次(前虚后不虚)but混合虚拟第五层次(前虚后不虚)2)Iwouldloseweight,butI_____alotnow.A.ateB.eatC.hadeatenD.wouldhaveeatenBbutIfIdidn’teatalot,Iwouldloseweight,butIeatalotnow,soIdon’tloseweight.混合虚拟前不虚后虚1)Ifellill,or/otherwiseI____thepartyyesterday.A.attendedB.wouldhaveattendedC.hadattendedD.wouldattend2)Ieatalot,or/otherwiseI___weightnow.A.wouldhavelostB.wouldloseC.willloseD.loseBBwouldrather(宁愿，宁可）+从句的用法动词用过去式，与现在/将来相反动词用过去完成时，与过去相反：Iwouldrathershewerenotpresent.我宁可她不在场。（事实上她在场）Iwouldratherhehadtoldmethetruth.我宁可他告诉我事实真相。（事实上他没告诉我真相）wouldrather引导的虚拟S+(should)do/(should)bedone表命令、建议、要求引导的主语、表语、同位语从句基本句型：1.Itbe+suggestedproposedrequestedordered•suggestion•proposal•advice•order•request•requirement•demand•decision(should)do/(should)bedoneItbe+名词+that…apityashamenowonderfunny……•Itbe+importantthat•necessary•natural•essential•urgent•proper•strange•vital一些形容词、名词引导的主语从句