doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语

GrammarRevision-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.对他说话等于对牛弹琴。2.Smokingmaycausecancer.吸烟会致癌。3.Walkingismysoleexercise.散步是我唯一的运动。4.Talkingmendsnoholes.（谚）空谈无济于事。5.Isuggestbringingthemeetingtoanend.我建议结束会议。6.Headmittedtakingthemoney.他承认钱是他拿的。7.Icouldn’thelplaughing.我禁不住笑了起来。8.Yourcoatneedsbrushing.你的大衣需要刷一下。-ing形式作定语,宾语补足语和表语的用法一、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising一个惊人的结果2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacesthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房子。ThemanstandingthereisPeter’sfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisPeter’sfather.站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriverwillbefined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。二、-ing形式作宾语补足语1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在大门口。Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmeontheshoulder.Canyousmellanythingburning?Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.Listentothebirdssinging.Ididn’tnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：Iwon’thaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Ican’tgettheclockgoingagain.Youwon’tcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。3.see,hear,feel,watch等感官动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）①前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）②如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.(反复动作)(一次动作)三、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.astonish,depress，play,do,ride,amuse,bark,welcomeChoosethesuitablewordsfromtheboxbelowandfillintheblanksinthecorrectform.1.Ican’timagineBilly______amotorbike.riding2.Didyouhearthedogdownstairs_______formostofthenight?3.Frankisverygoodattellingfunnyjokes.Hecanbevery________.4.Youcan’tstopme_____whatIwant.5.Hegavemea_________hugwhenhemetmeattheairport.barkingamusingdoingwelcoming6.Jimhasreallylearntveryfast.Shehasmade__________progress.7.It’sbeenrainingallday.Thisweatheris__________.8.WhenIcameoutofthetheatre,Inoticedagroupofchildren_______musicalinstrumentsacrossthestreet.astonishingdepressingplaying从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Don’tleavethewater_______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun2.TellMarythatthere’ssomeone____forheratthedoor.A.waitingB.waitedC.waitsD.towait3.The_______waitercameuptousandsaid,“Youarewelcome.”A.smilingB.smiledC.smileD.tosmile4.Aphonecallsenthim_______tothehospital.A.hurryB.hurryingC.tohurryD.hurried5.Doyouknowtheboy_______underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying6.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_______acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed7.Therearelotsofplacesofinterest_______inourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepaired8.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls_______inalldirectionsbeforehewassent_______byhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleepingC.tofly;tosleepingD.tofly;tosleep9.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_______butthedoor_______.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting10.Asisknowntousall,travelingis_____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiringC.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired11.Thewomanfounditnogood_____herdaughtertoomuchmoney.A.givingB.beinggivenC.givenD.gave12.Asthestonewastooheavytomove,Ileftit_____ontheground.A.layingB.layC.lyingD.lain13.John’sbadhabitis_____withoutthoroughunderstanding.A.readB.beingreadC.tobereadD.reading