Chapter5 Student Self-esteem 学生的自尊 - 新思考网

Chapter5StudentSelf-esteem学生的自尊Pleaseturnoffyourmobilephone!ClassroomLearningMainissuesinthischapter本章的主要问题•Positiveself-esteemisadesiredoutcomeofeducation.积极的自尊是教育的期望结果。•Anorganizedself-conceptstructureemergesatabout11yearsofage.系统的自我概念结构大约在11岁开始。•Howself-esteemdevelops.自尊是怎样发展的。•Aboutgenderandracedifferencesinself-concept.自我概念上的性别差异和种族差异。•Abouttheconsequencesofhighandlowself-esteem.自尊的高低会导致什么结果。•Howself-esteemcanbeenhancedatschool.学校怎样促进自尊的增强。“正确认识自己，尊重他人，学会交流与合作，具有团队精神，理解文化的多样性，初步具有国际视野和参与国际交往的能力。”“普通高中教育应全面落实《国务院关于基础教育改革与发展的决定》，全面实现《基础教育课程改革纲要（试行）》所确定的培养目标。”…教育部：《普通高中课程方案（实验）》Discussion1•Giveexamplestointerpretyourunderstandingofthoseterms:self-esteem;self-concept;self-description;self-image;self-fulfilling.举例说明你对自尊，自我概念，自我描述，自我形象，自我实现等术语的理解。•Whatarethedifferencesbetweenself-conceptandself-esteem?自我概念和自尊有什么不同？WhatisSelf-esteem?什么是自尊？Clarifyingtherelatedterms区别相关的几个术语：•Self-conceptisatermforthecoreofwhatwethinkaboutourselves:theoverallresponseyoumightgivetothequestion“whoareyou?”自我概念是反映对自己的想法的核心术语：是对“你是谁？”这样问题的全面回答。•Self-descriptionisanon-judgmentalstatementaboutyourself.自我描述是一种非判断性的自我陈述。•Self-esteemisavaluejudgmentaboutyourself.Itmaybeanevaluationofparticularaspectofyourselforanoverallevaluationofyourworthasaperson.自尊是一种对自己的价值判断,是对自己或作为人的价值的某一方面或全面的评价。•Self-imageisadescriptionaboutyourselfbasedonyourownaspiration.自我形象是基于对自己的期望的自我描述。•Self-fulfillingrelatestotheperformanceofapersontowardswhathe/sheexpectstohim/herselfconsciouslyorunconsciously.自我实现是一种使自己符合自我期望的有意或无意的行为。Relationsbetweenself-esteemandself-concept自尊与自我概念的关系•Aperson’sself-conceptrelatestohis/herknowledgeabouthim/herselfwhileaperson’sself-esteemrelatestohis/hervaluejudgement.自我概念涉及个人对自己的认识，而自尊是对自我的一种价值判断。•Aperson’sself-esteemisbasedonhis/herself-concept.人的自尊建立在自我认识的基础上。•Aperson’sself-conceptmightbeaffectedbyhis/herpersonalvaluesystem.人的自我概念受他的价值体系的影响。Propertiesofself-concept自我概念的性质Self-conceptis:–Multifaceted多重的–Hierarchical有层次的–Organised有结构的–Stable稳定的–Developmental发展的–Evaluative可衡量的Factorsleadtoapositiveself-concept:导向正面的自我概念的因素•Acceptancebysignificantothers被有份量的他人认可•Academicsuccess学业成功•Highsocialstatus社会地位高•Successinpersonallyvaluedareas在自认为有价值的方面获得成功•Abilitytodefendself-esteem有保护自尊的能力GeneralSelf-conceptAcademicPhysicalSocialFamilyMoralPerformanceIntellectualAbilitiesAttitude&DisciplinePhysicalAttractivenessPhysical/SportAbilitiesPeerRelationshipSocialSkillsFamilialRelationshipFilialPietyConduct/VirtuesAltruismDiscussion2•Identifythecommonfeaturesofself-esteemofthegraduatestudentsengagedinthiscoursefromtheirself-descriptions.Relatingtoeachaspectofself-concept,identifythreecaseswhoareofthehighestinthataspect.•从参与这一课程的同学的自我描述中概括出他们在自尊方面有哪些共同特点。对应于自我概念的每一方面，找出三个自我概念最高的案例。Factorscontributingtothedevelopmentofself-esteem：有利于自尊发展的因素•Respect,acceptanceandconcernshownbyone’ssignificantothers.有份量的人物对自己的关心、接纳和尊重•Thedegreeofacademicsuccessoneachievesandthestatusofone’sfamily.学业成就和家庭地位•One’svaluesandaspirations.价值与期望•Theabilitytodefendself-esteem.对自尊防护的能力Genderdifferencesinself-esteem自尊方面的性别差异•Asummaryof77studiesconcludedthattherewaslittlegenderdifferenceinoverallself-esteem.Whilemalestendtohavehigherself-esteemregardingtheirphysicalstrengthandmathematicalabilities,femalestendtohavehigherverbalself-esteem.•对77项研究所做的总结表明，男女的整体的自尊方面几乎没有差别。不过男性倾向于在体力和数学能力上有较高的自尊，女性倾向于在口头表达上有较高的自尊。Racedifferencesinself-esteem自尊方面的种族差异•Researchshowsthatonlyinareasrelatetosuchasphysicalabilityandpeeracceptance,theWesternersseemtohaveahigherself-esteembutinacademicaspectsofself,theAsianstendtohaveahigherself-esteem.•研究表明，在体力和同伴接受能力方面,西方人的自尊要高一些，但是在自我学术能力方面,亚洲人比西方人有更高的自尊。Consequencesofself-esteem自尊的影响•Peoplewhohavehighself-esteemandthusareconfidentintheirabilitiestendtohavehigheraspirations.自尊高且对自己的能力有信心的人倾向于有更高的期望。•Lowself-esteemwithaccompanyingunhappyexpectationsoffailuretendstoproducetheexpectedpoorresults。自尊低的且带有失败的预期的人，往往就会得到预期的不良后果。HowCanWeEnhanceSelf-esteem?怎样提高自尊？•Banding分层•Mainstreaming融入主流•Masterylearning掌握学习•Praise表扬•Classroomactivities课堂活动•Counselling辅导•Wholeschoolapproach–anapproachestobuildupschoolspiritandenhancetheoverallmoraleoftheschool.“全校同心”－树立学校精神，提高学校整体风气的做法。•Socialskillstrainingprogramme社会活动技能训练•Arethereanysimilaritiesintheresponsestothequestionabouttheimportanteventsindifferentagesamongthesestudents?Canyoufindouttheresponseswhichweredonebyboys?Canyouidentifythenumberofresponsesmadebystudentswithacity/countrybackground?•同学们对不同年龄时生活中重要的事情这一问题的回答有没有共同之处？能否找出哪几个回答是男同学做出的？能否确认有多少个回答是出身于城市/农村的同学做出的？Discussion3