山东省滨州市2019年中考英语语法专项复习语法六数词语法考点剖析

1数词语法考点剖析考点一数词的确指和概指1．表示确指。表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具体数词修饰时,不能用复数形式。2．表示概指。ten,hundred,thousand,million,billion等可以构成短语,表示不确切的数量。此时这些词用复数形式,不能被具体数字修饰,后面与of搭配。1．(2018·黑龙江龙东中考改编)TheiceandsnowinHarbinisbeautiful,soeverywintertouristscomehere。A．twomillionofB．millonofC．millionsofD．twomillionsof2．(2018·重庆中考A卷)visitorscametotakephotosofHongyadongduringthevacation。A．ThousandB．ThousandofC．ThousandsD．Thousandsof3．(2018·云南曲靖中考)Inourhometown,villagersleaveforbigcitiestolookforjobs。A．twohundredsofB．hundredofC．hundredsofD．twohundreds考点二基数词变序数词的规则1．基数词变序数词的规则。数字变化规则例词1,2,3不规则变化one→firsttwo→secondthree→third4～19基数词词尾加­th一般：four→fourth2nineteen→nineteenth特殊：five→fiftheight→eighthnine→ninthtwelve→twelfth20～90整十数­ty变为­tie再加­thtwenty→twentiethninety→ninetieth除整十数外的两位数或多位数变个位数或在词尾加­thtwenty­one→twenty­firstonehundred→hundredthonehundredandfifty­five→onehundredandfifty­fifth基变序,有规律,末尾加上th。一、二、三特殊记,八加h,九去e,ve要用f替。以y结尾变ie,后跟th莫忘记。若想表示几十几,只要个位就可以。2．序数词的缩写。first→1stsecond→2ndthird→3rdfourth→4thninth→9theleventh→11thtwenty­first→21sttwenty­second→22ndtwenty­third→23rd3．序数词前常加定冠词,如thefirstbook。如果序数词之前有形容词性物主代词则去掉the,如hisfirstbook,hisfourteenthbirthday。4．序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词,用来表示“再一,又一”。Youmayhaveathirdtry。你可以再尝试一次。5．the＋序数词＋名词＝名词＋基数词thesecondlesson＝LessonTwo31．(2018·黑龙江绥化中考改编)Thisismydaytobehere。A．asecondB．thesecondC．secondD．two2．(2018·湖南邵阳中考改编)Mydaughterisyearsold。Todayisherbirthday。A．nine;ninethB．nine;ninthC．ninth;nineD．nine;nine3．(2018·四川遂宁中考)It'stimeformetovisittheGuanyinLake。A．fiveB．thefiveC．fifthD．thefifth4．(2018·四川达州中考改编)—WhichcountrywonthefirstprizeoftheFIFAWorldCup?—Youmeanthefootballmatchwasheldin？A．twenty­one;RussiaB．twenty­first;RussianC．twenty­first;RussiaD．twenty­one;Russian5．(2019·预测)Therearemonthsinayear。Decemberisthemonthoftheyear。A．twelve;twelveB．twelve;twelfthC．twelfth;twelveD．twelve;twelveth考点三分数的表达法分数用基数词作分子,序数词作分母。分子大于1时,作分母的序数词用复数。1/3onethird2/5twofifths1/2ahalf1/4aquarter★分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词的数决定。TwothirdsofthechildrenarefromCanada。三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。41．(2018·湖北黄冈中考)—Dad,aboutofourclassmateswearglasses。—Oh,that'sterrible。Youallshouldtakegoodcareofyoureyes。A．threefourthB．thirdfourthC．thirdfourthsD．threequarters2．(2018·广东中考)Accordingtoasurvey,fouroutoffivewomendohouseworkathome,butonlyofmenwoulddoit。A．fourfifthB．fourfifthsC．twofifthD．twofifths考点四数词的应用1．表示编号结构：名词(首字母大写)＋基数词＝the＋序数词＋名词LessonOne＝thefirstlessonClassOne,GradeTwo注：有些编号一般仅用第一种表达法。Room101101号房间2．数词前加every,表示“每……一次”everyfouryears每四年一次3．基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄(1)表示年代：inthe＋年份的复数,表示在几世纪几十年代inthe1870s在十九世纪七十年代(2)表示年龄：inone's＋整十的复数,表示在某人几十岁时inhisforties在他四十岁时4．“几个半”的表达法基数词＋and＋ahalf＋名词复数＝基数词＋名词(单数/复数)＋and＋ahalftwoandahalfhours＝twohoursandahalf两个半小时5．时刻表达法(1)整点：基数词(＋o'clock)seven(o'clock)(2)几点几分的读法直接读法：先读小时,后读分钟3：25threetwenty­five间接读法：5a)≤30分钟：分钟＋past＋小时3：25twenty­fivepastthreeb)30分钟：(60－分钟)＋to＋(小时数＋1)3：55fivetofourc)15minutes＝aquarter30minutes＝halfanhour6：15aquarterpastsix6：30halfpastsix6：45aquartertoseven6．日期表达法年月日的表达顺序是“月日年”,常在日后加逗号,表示在某年某月某日用介词on。例如onApril5,2013。读年份的时候先读前两位数,再读后两位数；读日时要加the。2007年3月21日2019twentynineteen1．—Whichroomdoyoulivein?—．A．The201RoomB．Room201C．Room201stD．The201'sRoom2．,Coca­ColabegantoenterChina'smarket。A．In1970'sB．In1970sC．Inthe1970s'D．Inthe1970s3．ThetrainfromShanghaiwillarrive．A．inquarterpastsixB．inaquarterpastsixC．atquarterpastsixD．ataquarterpastsix4．Myfriendwasbornon．A．threeofJuly,1979B．thethirdofJuly,1979C．1979,Julythethird6D．1979,thethirdofJuly5．Ittookmetogetthere。A．twohoursandahalfB．twohoursandhalfC．twohourandahalfD．twohourandhalf6．AboycansingtheEnglishsongverywell。A．ten­year­oldB．tenyearsoldC．ten­year­oldsD．fifthyearsold7．Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis．A．inhissixtyB．inhissixtiesC．insixtiesD．inthesixty8．Whichofthefollowingiswrong?()A．Heisafifteen­year­oldboy。B．Heisattheageof15。C．Heisaboyof15。D．Heisfifteenyearold。考点五主谓一致1．either,neither,each,another,theother,one及somebody,someone,anybody,something,anything,nothing等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Somebodyisaskingtoseeyou。有人找你。2．both。。。and。。。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。BothyouandIaregirls。你和我都是女孩。3．thenumberof。。。“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词用单数；anumberof。。。“很多……”,作主语时谓语动词用复数。Thenumberofourclassis40。我们班的人数是40。Anumberofmonkeysweresaved。很多猴子被救了。4．表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语,看作整体时谓语动词用单数；强调个体时用复数。Twokilometersisalongwaytogoonfoot。步行两千米是一段很长的路程。Twentyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried。他们结婚已有20年了。75．单位量词修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词根据单位量词的数决定。Thetwocupsofcoffeecostme50yuan。这两杯咖啡花了我50元。6．主语后跟(along/together)with,aswellas等时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。Mylicensewithmycreditcardswaslost。我的驾照和信用卡丢了。7．therebe句型以及either。。。or。。。,neither。。。nor。。。,notonly。。。butalso。。。作主语时,谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则。Thereisabananaandsomeapplesinmybag。我的书包里有一根香蕉和几个苹果。NotonlyLilybut(also)herparentsenjoyskating。不仅莉莉喜欢滑冰而且她的父母也都喜欢滑冰。8．主语是each/every＋单数名词＋and(＋each/every)＋单数名词时,谓语动词用单数。Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat。每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork。每个男人和女人都在工作。9．oneandahalf＋复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。Oneandahalfhoursisenough。一个半小时足够了。10．动词不定式、动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Toseeistobelieve。眼见为实。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes。做眼保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。1．(2018·江苏泰州中考)Notonlychildrenbutalsomyhusbandcr