03半短程亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化联合脱氮工艺微生物特征研究进展赵志瑞亚硝化菌有厌氧氨氧化特性

35720147ENVIＲONMENTALSCIENCEVol．35No．7Jul．2014123*1.0500312.1000493.300191-．、pH、、．X172A0250-3301201407-2834-09DOI10．13227/j．hjkx．2014．07．0562013-10-292013-12-19KZZD-EW-09-11975～[e-mail]*[e-mail]robiologicalCharacteristicsinCombinedN2ＲemovalProcessbyPartialNitrificationandAnaerobicAmmoniumOxidationZHAOZhi-rui12HOUYan-lin31.CollegeofWaterＲesourcesandEnvironmentShijiazhuangUniversityofEconomicsShijiazhuang050031China2.CollegeofＲesourcesandEnvironmentUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100049China3.Agro-EnviromentalProtectionInstituteMinistryofAgricultureTianjin300191ChinaAbstractPartialnitrificationandanaerobicammoniumoxidationisaverysignificantbiologicalnitrogenremovaltechnologyforsavingenergyandcarbonsources．Thedevelopmentofthistechnologyandthecommunityecologyofammonia-oxidizingbacteriumAOBandanaerobicammonium-oxidizingbacteriaANAOBusingmolecularbiologicalmethodshaveattractedgrowingattention．ThepaperreviewedthetechnologicalmechanismandtheeffectsofkeyfactorssuchastemperaturepHdissolveoxygenandfreeammoniaonthedistributionofAOBandANAOB．ItwasalsointroducedthatthepopulationsofAOBandANAOBspeciesandtheirabundanceinvariousenvironments．Attheendsomesuggestionswereprovidedforthedevelopmentofthistechnologyinthefuture．KeywordsbiologicalnitrogenremovalpartialnitrificationanaerobicammoniumoxidationANAMMOXammonia-oxidizingbacteriumAOBanaerobicammonium-oxidizingbacteriaANAOB．CO2、12．209034．．．1ANAMMOX．ANAMMOX．ANAMMOXSHAＲON-ANAMMOX56、CANON78．1.1SHAＲON-ANAMMOXSingleＲeactorforHighAmmoniumＲemovalOverNitrite-ANAMMOXDelft79NH+4+3/2O→2NO－2+2H++H2O1NH+4+1.32NO－2+0.066HCO－3+0.13H→+1.02N2+0.26NO－3+0.066CH2O0.5N0.15+2.03H2O2DokhavenSHAＲON10LCSTＲHＲT1d53%NO－2NO－3．ANAMMOXSBＲ1.2kg·m3·d－180%N210．Dapena-mora11SHAＲON-ANAMMOXANAMMOXN2．68%．．1.2CANONDOANAMMOX．CANON1213．3ANAMMOX45NH+4+1.5O→2NO－2+H2O+2H+3NH+4+1.32NO－2+H→+1.02N2+0.26NO－3+2H2O4NH+4+0.85O→20.11NO－3+0.44N2+1.44H2O+0.14H+5CANON25%HＲT．CANON-ANAMMOX、1415．1.3ANAMMOXANAMMOX50%AOBANAMMOXANAMMOX1617．-ANAMMOXANAMMOX1819．-ANAMMOX120．1/Fig．1Comparisonofnitrification/heterotrophicdenitrificationwiththeautotrophicnitritation/anammoxprocess0.8mol．60%．ANAMMOXN2O．“”NOBAOB．NOBAOBNOBNOB．22.12130℃25℃35℃15℃53823515℃．AOBNOBAOBNOBNOB．SHAＲON30～35℃AOBNOBHＲTNOBAOBAOBNOB．2228～38℃NOBAOB．23pH8.2、NH+4-NNO－2-N200mg·L－1、VSS1.6g·L－130～35℃ANAOB40℃30～35℃65℃ANAOB52℃ANAOBCandidatusBrocadiafulgida、CandidatusBrocadiaanammoxidansCandidatusKueneniastuttgartiensis24．2.2DO．Perez25AOBNOB．Kornaros26AOBNOB．DO0.5mg·L－1AOBAOBDONOB2728．ANAMMOXANAOBDO＞2μmol·L－1ANAOB．2.3FApHpH．FANOBAOBFAFA29．FA1.0～5.0mg·L－1FA24mg·L－13031．FA．pHAOBNOBAOBpH7.0～8.6NOBpH7.7～8.1pH8.0NO－2-NNO－3-NpH7.03233．AOBNOBpHpH．pH7.5±0.22AOBpH9.3±0.24AOB3435．2.415℃AOBNOB．AOBNOBNOBAOB．SＲT10d．33.13.1.1AOBAOB、NOBProteobacteriaβγ．ＲNitrosococci3NitrosococcusNitrosococcusoceanus、Nitrosococcushalophilus36．βNitrosomonasNitrosospira．β-Proteobacteria7Cluster23738．3.1.2AOB0.2～0.4mg·L－1NOB1.2～1.5mg·L－1．DO63827216SrＲNAFig．2PhylogeneticrelationshipsaccordingtoAOB16SrDNAgeneDO39．Qin40DONitrosomonaseuropaeaNitrosomonasoligotrophaNitrosomonascommunisNitrosospire-likeDONitrosomonasoligotrophaQinNitrosomonasmobilisNitrosomonaseuropaea/eutrophaAOB．NitrosomonasmobilisNitrosomonaseuropaea/eutrophaDO．Kuai41Lydmark42DOAOBNitrosomonaseuropaea．3.23.2.1ANAOB59343CandidatusScalinduasorokinii、CandidatusBrocadiaanammoxidans、CandidatusAnammoxogobussulfate44、CandidatusBrocadiafulgida、CandidatusAnammoxoglobuspropionicus、CandidatusScalinduawagneri、CandidatusScalinduabrodae、CandidatusJetteniaasiatica、CandidatusKueneniastuttgartiensis．DOANAOBAOB．AOBANAOBANAOBAOB45．3.2.2ANAOBNIＲNO－2NO1738235316SrＲNAFig．3Phylogeneticrelationshipsaccordingtothe16SrDNAgeneofANAMMOXbacteriaNONH+4abA4Fig．4CatabolismandreversedelectrontransportintheanammoxosomeofanammoxbacteriaN2H434．PMF．4a．PMFATPATP．CO2A．ANO－2-NNO－3-N．PMF4b4647．Kartal48Candidatus“Kueneniastuttgartiensis”．Candidatus“Kueneniastuttgartiensis”15NO－315NO－215NH+415NO－215NH+415N．3.2.3/ANAOB49．50NO－284.4mg·L－1ANAOBTN．51ANAOBANAOB．Candidatus“Scalinduasorokinii”．Tsushima52ANAOBNO－2710mg·L－1ANAOB．Kartal53SBＲ．30g·L－1．ANAOB5455．Lotti56400mg·L－150%83827．416SrDNA4.116SrDNAAOBβ-β-AOBAOB．57NitF/NitＲDNANitrosomonaseuropaea98.9%Nitrosomonasnitrosa99.3%．Kowalchuk58DGGECTO189FA/B-GCCTO189FC-GCGC31．CTO189FA/BCTO189FC-GC．CTO654Ｒ465bp16SrDNA．Nitrosospirabriensis、Nitrosospira-likeNitrosomonaseuropaeaNitrosomonas-like．5916SrDNACTOPCＲ．David60Nspra-675F/Nspra-746ＲNitrospiraspp．．amoAHang61amoA-1F/amoA-2Ｒ491bp．1．1Table1PrimersandcharacteristicsofAOB5'-3'NitFNitrosomonaseuropaeaACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTNitＲNitrosomonasnitrosaGGACTACCAGGGTATCTAATCCCTO189fA/B-GCNitrosospirabriensisCCGCCGCGCGGCGGGCGGGGCGGGGGCACGGGGGGAGＲAAAGCAGGGGATCGCTO654rNitrosospira-likeCTAGCYTTGTAGTTTCAAACGCCTO189fC-GCNitrosomonaseuropaeaNitrosomonas-likeCGCCCGCCGCGCGGCGGGCGGGGCGGGGGCACGGGGGGAGGAAAGTAGGGGATCGCTO654rCTAGCYTTGTAGTTTCAAACGCNspra-675fNitrospiraspp．GCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAKATCGNspra-746rTCAGCGTCAGＲWAYGTTCCAGAGamoA-1FGGGGTTTCTACTGGTGGTamoA-2ＲCCCCTCKGSAAAGCCTT