4种浮床植物吸收湖泊水体氮磷能力试验研究

1641[15][6]``58.749.1[7]``1`1251`325`kg/hm2a200233WuJianqiangWangMinWuJian(ShanghaiAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Shanghai200233)```````````````AbstractBytakingCannaindica,Irispseudacorus,ThaliadealbataandLythrumsalicariaasobjectstosetupanexperimentalinstallationofplantfloating-bedfortestingtheeutrophicationpreventionofDianshanLakeinShanghai,thegrowthcharacteristicsandnutrientuptakeabilitiesofthosefourcommonplantswerestudied.Ithasshownthatusingupperandlowernylonnetstofixtheplantsonfloating-bedcouldbebeneficialforthemtogrowandreproducerapidly.ThereproductionabilitiesandsurvivalratesofCannaindicaandThaliadealbataweresuperiortothatofIrispseudacorusandLythrumsalicaria,whilsttillersoftheformertwoplantsamountedto64and78onesinNovember,respectively,andtheirharvestbiomass(freshweight)increasedto364and585timesthatwhentransplanted,respectively.Thedifferenceofnitrogenandphosphorusaccumulationinplantswasmainlyinlinewiththedifferenceinplantbiomass.ThenutrientuptakeabilitiesofCannaindicaandThaliadealbataweresignificantlyhigherthanthatofIrispseudacorusandLythrumsalicaria,andthedistributionsofnitrogenandphosphorusintheformertwoplantswerebothmoreintheirstemsandleavesthaninroots.Thaliadealbatahadthebestnitrogenuptakeabilityupto457.11gramspersquaremetreareawhenharvested,whilstCannaindicahadthebestphosphorusuptakeabilityupto41.29gramspersquaremetrearea.Therefore,CannaindicaandThaliadealbatacouldbeextensivelyusedassuitablefloating-bedplantsforpreventingeutrophi-cationinDianshanLake.Keywords:Floating-bedPlantsNitrogenPhosphorusUptakeability08DZ12031061977`2005`165450600`kg/hm2a[8]`3``30``85[9]`[10]``4``29.1``32.1`311054311124`12053181205854`16.1`7``27.8`1``3.1`234`d`1`104`mmNH4+N2.580.78mg/LTN11.151.21mg/LTP1.010.23mg/LCOD28.432.23mg/LSS46.4333.26mg/L`4`2.1CannaindicaIrispseudacorusThaliadealbataLythrumsalicaria4`2.2`1.8``m2``200m`90m109``18m`3m`15``3m`1.2m`32110mmPVC``100`mm100mm`10`mm10mm`10`/`m2`12.3``2009``4`11``5``105`3`h`80`18``Skalar`3.14``24`8`6``8``12``20``8``10``57``11``78`1`2`3PVC`4`5`6`166`7``364111585119``11``32.038.6`kg`34``10``10``8``810``300`g`2`[1011][1213]`3.211``45`45`4``59.07g/kg`5.40g/kg`4``1.40``1.21`1.59``1.083.3`167`1`73.10g/`54.99g/``12.00g/``6.60g/`4.96g/`1.28g/`35.6819.141.215.5722.2219.078.9211.322.903.543.165.882.043.246.968.210.0790.0560.0610.1290.0710.0420.1840.1280.0080.0130.0040.0060.0030.0020.0070.00414449583714861852180051648137.6417.352.709.3046.3326.7714.0412.284.292.310.231.052.672.291.171.4837.56117.2942.6399.17146.25926.72813.85612.1524.2822.2970.2261.0442.6672.2881.1631.476g/m2313.00144.1114.0748.91385.48222.72106.2393.1783.3353.3383.3376.67`72.99g/``608.20g/m2`54.86g/``457.11g/m2`11.81g/``62.98g/m2`6.58g/``54.82g/m2`4.95g/``41.29g/m2`1.27g/``6.77g/m2`9.66``8.09``2.17``1.86``1.73``1.17`ANOVA`67``67`P0.054`P0.053.4abc`3P0.05abcd`4P0.05168`0.99``0.895`8`0.99``0.849`94.1`4`11``64``78``32.0`kg``38.6`kg4``810``300`g4.2``457.11`g/m2`41.29g/m2`2.17``1.86``1.73``1.17`4.3``4`(184)1842345'(147)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%201006302010031220100623)(168)%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%