人教版八年级英语上册Unit-1-Section-A-教材精讲

人教版八年级英语上册精讲课程主讲人：王玲玲（Nancy）2000年开始从事中小学英语同步辅导、少儿英语培训和成人英语口语辅导，一直致力于探索如何提升学员的英语学习兴趣及英语学习成绩，帮助学员塑造自信心、提高英语语音语调和英语口语交流能力。课堂流程：重点单词、重点词组、要点详解、语法解读及核心考点练习Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation？SectionA一、重点单词1.someone,anyone,everyone,noone(指人的不定代词）2.something,anything,everything,nothing（指物的不定代词）3.somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere(不定副词）-one-thing-wheresomesomeonesomethingsomewhereanyanyoneanythinganywhereeveryeveryoneeverythingeverywherenonoonenothingnowhere一、重点单词4.wonderful---wonder+ful5.bored/boring–Ifeelbored.It’saboringday.6.few,quiteafew+可数名词复数，little,quitealittle+不可数名词7.mostadj./adv./pron.Mostchildrenfinishmostofthehomeworkonthemostimportantday.8.ofcourse/certainly/sure9.反身代词myself,yourself—yourselves10.diary—diaries（复）keepadiary11.seem二、重点词组1.onvacation在度假—Wheredidyougoonvacation?2.stayathome待在家里—Istayedathome.3.anythingspecial任何特别的事情Didyoudoanythingspecial?Ididn’tdoanythingspecial.4.studyfortests为测验而学习–Istudiedfortests.5.takephotos拍照quiteafew相当多Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.6.mostofthetime大部分时间Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.7.haveagoodtime玩得开心–Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?—Ofcourse.当然，自然8.keepadiary记日记Didyoukeepadiary？三、要点详解1.Didyougowithanyone?你和别人一起去的吗？anyone不定代词，相当于anybody,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。用于肯定句时，意为“任何人”，用于否定句或疑问句时，意为“有人”。Anyonecanhelpothersinsomeway.Isanyonehere?辨析：anyone/anyone(1)anyone指人，后面不接of短语Youcantellanyoneaboutit.(2)anyone指人、指物，后面可接of短语，表示某一范围中的任何一个Youcanchooseanyoneofthetoys.类似用法：everyone与everyoneEveryoneisonvacation.Ilikeeveryoneofthebooks.三、要点详解2.Didyougoanywhereinteresting?你去什么有趣的地方了吗？anywhere不定副词，意为“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Ican’tfindmybookanywhereSomewhere“在某处；到某处”，常用于肯定句中Icanfindyousomewhere.不定副词+形容词当形容词与somewhere,anywhere等不定副词连用时，要放在不定副词后面Iwanttogosomewherebeautiful.三、要点详解3.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我们在那里拍了好多照片。quiteafew+可数名词复数quitealittle+不可数名词否定意义肯定意义修饰可数名词复数fewafew修饰不可数名词littlealittle三、要点详解4.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书和放松了。（1）most代词“最多，大多数”mostof引导的短语作主语时，注意谓语动词的形式。Mostofthechildrenarehappy.Mostofthecakeisbad.(2)most形容词“大多数的，大部分的”，用于名词前作定语MostchildrenlikewatchingTV.(3)most副词“最”，用来构成形容词或副词的最高级Sheisthemostbeautifulgirlinourclass.三、要点详解5.Iboughtsomethingformyfather.buysthforsb.=buysbsth给某人买某物givesthtosb=givesbsth把某物给某人Iboughtasweaterformymom.Igaveabooktomybrother.feedsthtosb/sth=feedsb/sth(on)sth.(fed)Pleasefeedsomegrasstotherabbit.6.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?haveagood/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneselfhaveagoodtimedoingsth/havefundoingsth“很开心地做某事”Theyhadagoodtime/hadfun/enjoyedthemselvesyesterday.Ihadagoodtimewalkingthroughthejungle.三、要点详解7.Howdidyoulikeit?你觉得那里怎么样？Howdoyoulike….?“你认为…怎么样”，常用来询问对方对某人或某事的看法。相当于Howdoyoufeelabout…?/Whatdoyouthinkof…?--HowdoyouliketheGreatWall?--It’swonderful.8.Didyougoshopping?你去购物了吗？goshopping相当于dosomeshoppinggo+V-ing形式表示“从事某种活动”goswimming/gofishing/goskating三、要点详解9.Iboughtnothingformyself.我没有给自己买一件东西myself“我自己，我本人”是反身代词，在句中作for的宾语。反身代词词尾是-self或-selves,表示“某（些）人自己”，与它所指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。单数:myself/yourself/himself,herself,itself复数：ourselves/yourselves/themselvesIcookformyself.TomandPeterfinishedthehomeworkbythemselves.三、要点详解10.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.唯一的问题是晚上除了读书之外没事可做。（1）句中that引导表语从句。引导词有that,what,who,when,where等。表语从句与宾语从句一样，须用陈述语序。ThisiswhatIneed./Thatiswheretheylive.（2）nothingbut…“除…之外什么也没有；只有”常用结构：nothingbut+名词/名词短语Thereisnothingbutanoldtableintheroom.nothingtodobutdoIhadnothingtodobutwatchTVallday.nothingbuttodo…常用于want,like,decide,hope,need等可跟不定式的动词后面。Ihopenothingbuttostaywithyouforever.三、要点详解11.Nooneseemedtobebored.seem(tobe)+adj./n.“看起来…，似乎…”Heseems(tobe)angry.seemtodosth“好像做某事”Itseemsthat…“看起来好像”Heseemstolikeswimming.Itseemsthathelikesswimming.四、语法解读一、复合不定代词1.复合不定代词的构成-one-body-thingsome-someonesomebodysomethingany-anyoneanybodyanythingevery-everyoneeverybodyeverythingno-noonenobodynothing2.复合不定代词的用法（1）some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句，用于疑问句时表示邀请、请求或建议并希望得到肯定答复；any-类复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中，也可用于肯定句中，意为“任何人”或“任何事”Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellyou.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?Isthereanyoneinthecar?Anybodycanusethisdictionary.(2)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称的形式。Someoneisswimmingintheriver.Everythinggetsbetternow.(3)复合不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后。Ihavenothingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestingaboutthestory?二、规则动词与不规则动词的过去式1、巧记动词过去式变化规律过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加-ed.play--played若词尾有字母e，直接加-d就可以。live--lived辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加-ed.study--studied一元一辅重闭结尾，双写辅音加-ed.stop—stopped二、规则动词与不规则动词的过去式2.不规则动词过去式的变化---需要特殊记忆（1）过去式与动词原形一样let/put/read/cut（2）i变为adrink—drank,swim—swam,sing—sang(3)中间去e,末尾加tfeel—felt,keep—kept(4)过去式以-ought和-aught结尾的动词bring—brought,buy—bought,catch—caught,teach—taught(5)i变为oride—rode,drive—drove,write—wrote(6)ow/aw变为ewknow—knew,grow—grew,throw—threw(7)以d结尾的动词，把d变成tlend—lent,build—built,spend—spent,send--sent五、核心考点练习1.–Does___knowwhereJackis?--Sorry,wedon’tknow.A.SomeoneB.anyoneC.everyoneD.anyone2.Thereis___withmycomputer.Canyouhelpmemendit?A.nothingwrongB.anythingwrongC.somethingwrongD.wrongsomething3.Don’tworry.We’reoldenoughtolookafter___A.myselfB.meC.ourselvesD.us4.Inourschool,___studentslikeEnglish,but___ofth