CANON工艺中的微生物及其相互关系王盼盼

32820078ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol.32No.8Aug.2007:2007-04-04:(1982-),,,,、。:1673-1212(2007)08-0097-04CANON王盼盼,陈建中(,650093)　:文章着重对新型生物脱氮工艺—CANON工艺中微生物学方面的研究进行了综述;论述了生物膜内可能发生的硝化、亚硝化、氨氧化等反应的原因及其相应的生物化学反应机理,继而指出生物膜内可能存在的几种微生物及其自身的物质与能量代谢途径;阐述了CANON工艺的微生物学工作原理,分析了工艺模型中各类功能微生物间的相互作用关系、生化反应机理和对处理效率的贡献。本文为该新型生物脱氮技术的实践应用打下了理论基础。:生物脱氮;CANON工艺;微生物:X703.1:AInterrelationshipAmongtheMicroorganismsintheProcessofCompletelyAutotrophicNitrogenRemovalOverNitriteWangPanpan,ChenJianzhong(DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Kunming650093,China)Abstract:Thispaperreviewstheadvancesinthebiologicalnitrogenremovalprocess—CompletelyAutotrophicNitrogenRe-movalOverNitrite(CANON);discussesthereasonsandbiochemicalmechanismsofrelativereactionsinthebiofilmsandpointsthemetabolizeapproachesofmicroorganisms;statesthemechanismsoftheCANONprocessandanalysestheinterrelationshipa-mongthemicroorganismsintheCANONprocess、themechanismsonthebiochemicalreactionandtheeffectsonthenitrogenre-moval.ThispaperisaprinciplebasisfortheusageofCANONprocess.Keywords:biologicalnitrogenremoval;CANON;microorganisms1　CANON(CompletelyAutotrophicNitrogenRemov-alOverNitrite)2002Delft[1]。:(1)(Nitrosomonaseuro-paea)(1-1);(2)(Biacadiaanammoxidans)(1-2);(3)(CANON),(1-3)。,CANON,。(),,CANON。NH+4+1.5O2NO-2+H2O+2H+(1-1)NH3+1.32NO-2+H+1.02N2+2H2O+0.26NO-3(1-2)NH3+0.85O20.44N2+1.43H2O+0.14H++0.11NO-3(1-3)2　,(0.5～1.5mgO2/L),[1-2]。,。,()[2-3]。,。。·97·32820078·CANONVol.32No.8Aug.2007,[2]。,DO/NH3-N,,[2]。,,。3　CANON,(ANA-MMOX)[1]。CANON,CANON[4-5]。,,。CANON[1,2,6]。CANON[4],1:1　CANON(3-1)ANAMMOX[2]。(ANAMMOX),(、)[2,6]。,。,,,。,。CANON(3-2)。,CANON。NH+4+0.66HCO-3+1.32NO-2+0.13H+1.02N2+2.03H2O+0.26NO-3+0.066CH2O0.5N0.15(3-1)NH+4+0.75O20.5N2+1.5H2O+H+(3-2)4　CANON4.1　,,。,,,[7]。,。4.2　(),。,。,。(NH3NH2OHNONO-2)。(1)Suzuki[8],NH3。Hollocher[9],,(O2)。Hooper[10],。:NH3+0.5O2NH2OH■Gθ=+17KJ/mol(4-1a)0.5O2+2H++2e-H2O■Gθ=-137KJ/mol(4-1b)NH3+O2+2[H]NH2OH+H2O■Gθ=-120KJ/mol(4-1),,[(4-1a)];[(4-1b)]。,[(4-1)]。(2),HNO,NO[11]。Anderson[11],。NH2OH+5H2OHNO2+4H++4e-■Gθ=+23KJ/mol(4-2a)·98·32820078·CANONVol.32No.8Aug.20070.5O2+2H++2e-H2O■Gθ=-137KJ/mol(4-2b)NH2OH+0.5O2NO-3■Gθ=-114KJ/mol(4-2),,[(4-2a)];,[(4-2b)]。,[(4-2)]。(3),。,,[12]。,NADH2,CO2[13]。4.3　,。,。,(NO-2NO-3)。(1),,。[14]。NO-2+H2ONO-3+2H++2e-■Gθ=+83KJ/mol(4-3a)0.5O2+2H++2eH2O■Gθ=-137KJ/mol(4-3b)NO-2+0.5O2NO-3■Gθ=-54KJ/mol(4-3),,[(4-3a)];[(4-3b)],[(4-3)]。(2)。,。,ATP,[12]。4.4　(ANAMMOX)1977,Broda,,。MulderBroda,。,VandeGraaf[15]。2:2　。N2O,N2O,。,4[H],[H]。:NO,NON2O,N2ON2;,NH+4NH2OH,NH2OHN2H4、N2H2N2。5　CANON[16],:,,,,;,,,,、、;,,、,,,。CANON,。,,,。5.1　。,,·99·32820078·CANONVol.32No.8Aug.2007,。,,,,。,;;。,,,,。。ChaiSungGee[17]:,。。5.2　、、、。,,。,,。,,。,。。,,。,。6　()。,。:,;C/N,;,,。,,,(CANON)。CANON,。:[1]SliekersAO,DerwortN,GomezJLCetal.Completelyautotrophicnitrogenremovalovernitriteinonesinglereactor[J].WaterResearch,2002,36:2475-2482.[2]郝晓地,汪慧贞,钱易,等.欧洲城市污水处理技术新概念-可持续生物除磷脱氮工艺[J].给水排水,2002,28(6):6-11.[3]郑平,徐向阳,胡宝兰.新型生物脱氮理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:26-95.[4]HaoXD,HeijnenJJ,vanLoosdrechtMCM.Model-basedevaluationofKiNetic,biofilmandprocessparametersinaone-reactorAnammoxremoval(CANON)process[J].Bio-technolandBioeng(a),2002,77(3):266-277.[5]HaoXD,HeijnenJJ,vanLoosdrechtMCM.Model-basedevaluationoftemperatureandinflowvariationonapartialnitrification-anammoxbiofilmprocess[J].WaterRes(b),2002,36(19):4839-4849.[6]郝晓地,曹秀芳,曹亚莉,等.厌氧氨氧化细菌在生物膜系统中起主要脱氮作用地模拟预测[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(6):1007-1013.[7]郑平,徐向阳,胡宝兰.新型生物脱氮理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:10-11.[8]SuzukiI,DnlarUandKwokSC.Ammoniaorammoni-umionassubstrateforOxidationbyNitrosomonaseuropaeacellsandextracts[J].JBacteriol,1974,120:556-558.[9]HollocherTC,TateMEandNicholasDJD.OxidationofammoniabyNitrosomonaseuropaea[J].JBiolchem,1981,256:10834-10836.[10]HooperAB.Preliminarycharacterizationwithhydrox-ylamineaselectrondonor[J].BiochimBiophysActa,1968,162:49-65.[11]AndersonKKandHooperAB.O2andH2OareeachthesourceofoneOinNO-2producedfromNH3byNitrosomonas:15N-NMRevidence[J].FEBSLett,1983,164:236-240.[12]郑平,徐向阳,胡宝兰.新型生物脱氮理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:35-45.[13]WehrfritzJ-M,ReillyAandSpiro.Purificationofhy-droxylamineoxidasefromThiosphaerapantotropha-Identificationofelectroacceptorsthatcoupleheterotrophicnitrificationtoaerobicdenitrification[J].FEBSLett,1933,335(2):246-250.[14]AleemMIH,HochGEetal.Waterasthesourceofoxidizingandreducingpowerinbacterialchemosynthesis[J].ProNatlAcadSci,USA,1965,54:869-873.[15]VandeGraafAAA,deBruijnP,RobertsonLAetal.Autotrophicgrowthofanaerobicammonium-oxidizingmicroor-ganismsinafluidizedbedreactor[J].Microbiology,1996,142:2187-2196.[16]武汉大学,复旦大学生物系微生物教研室.微生物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1988:345-346.[17]GeeCS,PfefferJTetal.M.TNitrosomonasandNi-trobacterinteractionsinbiologicalnitrification[J].Evi.Eng.,1988,22:4-17.·100·