DMPP施用的环境效应影响因素及其机理研究沈真实

DMPP、12333311．4103002．5106423．41012534-34-dimethylpyrazolephosphateDMPP。DMPP、。DMPPX131.3A1006-060X201115-0071-06EnvironmentalEffects,InfluencingFactorsandMechanismofDMPPApplicationSHENZhen-shi1,XUChao2,TANGHai-tao3,HUANGFeng-qiu3,LIAOYu-lin3,SUNYu-tao3,GAOFei-jin1(1.CropandOilStation,AgriculturalTechnologyExtensionCenterofLiuyangAgriculturalBureau,Hunan415500,PRC;2.CollegeofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,PRC;3.HunanInstituteofSoilandFertilizer,Changsha410125,PRC)Abstract:DMPP(3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphate)isanewandefficientnitrificationinhibitor,whichhassignificanteffectsonenhancingnitrogenuseefficiencyandreducingenvironmentalpollution.Inthisreview,wediscussedtheenvironmentaleffects,influencingfactorsandmechanismofDMPPapplicationfrombothwaterenvironmentandatmosphericenvironment,then,theexistingproblemsandthefuturedirectionofthisresearchwerepointedout.Keywords:DMPP;environmentaleffect;influencingfactor;mechanism、[1]。、[2-3]。34-34-dimethylpyrazolephosphateDMPP、[4-8]。DMPPDMPP、。1DMPP1.1DMPP1.1.1DMPPDMPP、[9-11]。DMPP[7]。ASN+ASN+DMPP5190mg/pot2730mg/potDMPP50.5%[12]。60dDMPP66.8%69.4%9.7%6.7%59.1%63.0%0-15cm34.1%28.2%[8-9]。400kg/hm260d10～40cmNO3--N12.97～16.22mg/LDMPP30～40cmNO3--N0.32～4.44mg/LNO2--N10d6.89mg/LDMPPNO2--N2011-07-18KLNSPC2010B0894510642010037801972-。20111571~76HunanAgriculturalSciencesDOI:10.16498/j.cnki.hnnykx.2011.15.0061DMPPN2O、CH4CO2CO2CH4N2O-------N2O71.63%N2O41%~53%49%N2O20%10%~40%、60%~90%N2O32%N2O29%N2O57.9%~61.1%N2O18.6%N2O83%~95%N2O23.00%CH425%~55%CH423.78%CH433.3%CO228%29%CO220.88%[28][22][21][23][20][24][25][26][27][22][27][25][37][27][9]。DMPP、、[7]。DMPP、。1.1.2DMPPDMPP、[13-15]。Urea+DMPP3urea1.42、2.821.9570.2%、59.7%52.1%98.7%、90.6%85.6%39.0%、44.8%43.0%[14]。2—DMPP19.1%～24.3%44.9%～56.6%[13]。DMPP24.8%16.7%47.7%70.9%90.6%88.9%13.5%23.1%[15]。DMPP。1.1.3DMPPDMPPK、Ca、Mg[7,11]。1%DMPPCa2+、Mg2+、K+Na+26.6%～28.8%、21.3%～27.8%、33.3%～35.5%21.7%～32.1%[11]。DMPPK、Ca、Na、Mg1DMPP[7,11]2DMPPpH[16][17]3DMPP[18-19]。1.2DMPP1DMPPN2O、CH4CO2。1.2.1DMPPN2ODMPPN2O[20-28]。DMPP[21-22][223-2527]N2O。DMPP20%~71.63%N2O18.6%~95%N2O、。DMPPNH4+-NNO3--NNO3--NN[21]。1.2.2DMPPCH4DMPPCH4。DMPP1572CH423.78%~55%[2227]DMPPCH4[34]CH4[25]。DMPPCH41DMPPCH4。DMPPCH4。CH4[30]。2DMPPCH4[25]。CH4[46]。DMPPNH4+-NNH4+-NCH4[30]。NH4+-NCH4CH4CH4CH4、CH4。DMPPDMPPCH4。1.2.3DMPPCO2DMPP20.88%~28%CO2[2731]。DMPPCO2、。1.2.4DMPPglobalwarmingpotentialGWPDMPPN2OCO2CH4。DMPPN2O、CH4CO2N2O、CH4CO2DMPPCH4、N2O、CO2CH4DMPPCH4、N2OCO2。DMPP。DMPPGWP30%29%[31]。DMPPCH4DMPPN2O、CH4CO2。1.3DMPPNH3DMPP[2032-33]NH3[33]。25.7%18.6%DMPP1.9%2.0%[32]。+DMPPNH37.8%11.0%[20]。C/NDMPPDMPPC/N6.0%C/N78.2%。C/NC/N[34][33]。DMPPpHCEC。pHCECpHCECpHCECDMPP[33]。DMPP40%、60%、80%100%70d2.82、4.06、2.848.57mg。DMPP60%[33]。DMPP[33]。DMPPpH、CEC、、C/NDMPP。15DMPP、731.4DMPPDMPP[5]、[5][5]、、、、[535-36]、[37][4]、[5]。DMPPNH4+-NNH4+-N[38]。DMPP、N[46]。DMPPDMPP7.2%~16.7%[4]。2DMPPDMPP、、、、、pH。2.1DMPP[73339-40]DMPPDMPP[39]。2．2DMPP[263341-42]。DMPP10℃DMPPNH4+100d20℃30℃、NH4+18d8d[41]。5～15℃、40%～60%DMPP42d[26]2~14℃7℃DMPP95d[42]。DMPPDMPPNH4+NH4+DMPPDMPP30mmDMPP[43]。2．3DMPP。DMPP[540]。DMPPN2O[2231]。DMPPNH4+DMPPDMPPDMPP[43]。2．4DMPP[39]。DMPP[39]。DMPPDMPP。2．5pHpHDMPP[39]pH。、H+、DMPPNO2-[39]。3DMPPDMPP[132229,354144-45]。DMPPammonia-oxidizingbac－teriaAOBnitrite-oxidizingbacteriaNOB[4144]14DMPP[29]。2—DMPPAOB24.5%~30.90%14.9%~43.5%14.7%~31.6%[13]DMPP。RT-PCRDMPPAOB[45]。DMPP。4DMPP1574、。DMPP1DMPPDMPPDGGE、T-RFLP、RT-PCR-PCRDMPP。amoAamoA。DMPPamoAmRNAAOBDMPP。DMPPN2OCH4。2DMPP、、DMPP、、、、。3DMPP、、、、、pH。、、pH、、、、DMPPDMPP。DMPP。DMPP。[1]MatsonPA,NaylorR,Ortiz-MonasterrioI.Integrationofenvi－ronmental,agronomicandeconomicaspectsoffertilizermanage－ment[J].Science,1998,280:112-115.[2]DiHJ,CameronKC.Reducingenvironmentalimpactsofagri－culturebyusingafineparticlesuspensionnitrificationinhibitortodecreasenitrateleachingfromgrazedpastures[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems&Environment,2005,109:202-212.[3]ZamanM,BlennerhassettJD.Effectsofthedifferentratesofureaseandnitrificationinhibitorsongaseousemissionsofammo－niaandnitrousoxide,nitrateleachingandpastureproductionfromurinepatchesinanintensivegrazedpasturesystem[J].A－gricultureEcosystems&Environment,2010,134:236-246.[4]SernaMD,BanulSJ,QuinonesA,etal.Evaluationof3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphateasanitrificationinhibitorinaCit－rus-cultivatedsoil[J].BiologyandFertilityofSoils,2000,32:41-46.[5]PasdaG,HahndelR,ZerullaW.EffectoffertilizerswiththenewnitrificationinhibitorDMPP3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphateonyieldandqualityofagriculturalandhorticulturalcrops[J].Biolo－gyandFertilityofSoils,2001,34:85-97.[6]RocoMM,BluRO.Evaluationofthenitrificationinhibitor3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphateintwoChileansoils[J].JournalofPlantNutrition,2006,29:521-534.[7]WuSF,WuLH,ShiqW,etal.Effectsofanewnitrificationin－hibitor3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphateDMPPonnitrateandpotassiumleachingintwosoils[J].JournalofEnvironmentalSci－ences,2007,19:841-847.[8]YuQG,ChenYX,YeXZ,etal.InfluenceoftheDMPP3,4-dimethylpyrazolephosphateonnitrogentransformationandleachinginmulti-layersoilcolumns[J].Chemosphere,2007,69:825-831.[9].DMPP[J].2007284813-81