MBR复合工艺膜污染及其清洗特征

19220096JOURNALOFEMCCVol.19No.2Jun2009:2009-03-18:(1976),,2000,,2,10,3,,10.3969/j.issn.1008-813X.2009.02.015MBR复合工艺膜污染及其清洗特征杨继贤(兖矿集团环保节能处,山东邹城273500):采用A+(A/O)n+MBR复合工艺,在次临界通量条件下,考察了膜污染发展及清洗特性试验发现,膜污染随运行时间的变化呈现出阶段性上升的特征,即经过初期缓慢发展和中期较快发展后,出现了膜污染的急剧增加电镜及能谱分析表明,膜面污染物主要包括沉积于膜面的大量污泥絮体附着于膜面的致密凝胶层和一些由Ca2+Mg2+等离子形成的堵塞和吸附于膜孔的无机垢粒膜清洗及阻力表明,自来水冲洗可使泥饼层大部分脱落,泥饼层对膜污染阻力贡献最大,达到60.71%;NaClO清洗对凝胶层的去除效果显著,有机污染对膜污染阻力为31.44%;HCl清洗去除的无机垢粒对膜污染贡献率仅为7.85%:MBR复合工艺;膜污染;扫描电镜;阻力分析:X505:A:1008-813(2009)02-0046-04CharacteristicofFoulingandCleaningofMBRHybridProcessYangJixian(DepartmentofEnvironmentalProtectionandEnergyConservation,YankuangGroup,ZouchengShandong237500)Abstract:CharacteristicofmembranefoulingdevelopmentandcleaninginanA+(A/O)n+MBRprocesswasinvestigatedundertheconditionofsub-criticalflux.Itcouldbeconcludedthatacharacteristicthree-stagetrans-membranepressure(TMP)profilewasobservedwithaninitiallyextendedperiodofslowandfastTMPrisefollowedbyasuddentransitiontoarapidrise.FromSEMexamination,itwasfoundthatcontaminantsattachedonthemem-branesurfacecomprisedlargeamountsludgeflccandgellayerformedbyfineparticlesandmacro-molecularorganicsubstance,especiallyEPS,andsomeinorganicparticlesformedbyCa2+,Mg2+,etc.Theresultsobtainedbymembranecleaningandresistanceanalysisshowedthatfoulingcausedbycakelayerandgellayerandinorganicparticlescouldberemovedeffec-tivelybytapwaterwashing,NaClOandHClrespectively,andtheircontributestototalre-sistanceaccountfor60.71%,31.44%and7.85%respectively.Keywords:MBRhybridprocess;membranefouling;SEM;resistanceanalysis[1](MembraneBioreactor-MBR),[2~4]MBR,,MBR,20092MBR47,MBR11.1MBR,++,[anaerobic+multi-Anoxic/Oxic+mem-branebioreactorA+(A/O)n+MBR],1A,(A/O)()MBR,,MBRA,:A,(A/O)n,MBR1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.图1试验工艺流程图(PVDF),0.22m,1.0m2,10min2min(J=10L/m2h),MBR10.00.5g/L,0.5(0-10d)0.75(10-20d)R=1.0(20-30d),301.2(1)(Transmembranepressure-TMP)U(2),,SEM(S250MK),(AN10000)(3),,0.8%NaClO24h,2%HCl12h,,22.1TMPTMP2,图2TMP随时间的变化,,,,2,:(1)(0~14d),,dp/dt0.15kPa/d,TMP(2)(14~24d),,dp/dt0.438kPa/d,,,(EPS),(0.51.0),,,(3)(27~30d),,,,dp/dt6.21kPa/d,482009641,,Ognier[5]Cho[6][7],20d15d15dTMPMBR,TMP(27d),,2.2NaClOHCl,,,,,,NaClO,,,,,X(EDS),,,Ca,MgALFeSiCu,CaCO3MgCO32.3,,3;,1图3膜清洗过程阻力变化,,60.71%,,31.44%,NaClO,(),NaClO,HCl,,(1.97%),HCl,,,[7]MBR,,,(),表1膜污染阻力构成及其贡献率(m-1)1.05E+136.40E+123.31E+126.20E+112.08E+114.06E+11(%)10060.7131.445.881.973(1)A+(A/O)n+MBR,,(2),Ca2+Mg2+(3),20092MBR49(),,60.71%;NaClO(),31.44%;HCl7.85%[1],.[M].:,2002[2]BorisL,ReginaG,ChristianA.Processconfigurationsadaptedtomembranebioreactorsforenhancedbiologicalphosphorousandnitrogenremoval[J].Desalination,2002,149:217~224[3]ChoJ,SongKG,HyupS,etal.Sequencinganoxic/anaerobicmembranebioreactor(SAM)PilotPlantforandvancedwastewatertreatment[J].Desalination,2005,178:219~225[4],,,.[J].,2005,23(2):249~253[5]OgnierS,WisniewskiC,GrasmickA.Membranebioreatorfoulinginsub-criticalfiltrationconditions:alocalcriticalfluxconcept[J].JMembraneSci,2004,229:171~177[6]ChoBD,FaneAG.Foulingtransientsinnorminallysub-criticalfluxoperationofamembranebioreactor[J].JMem-brane.Sci.2002,209:391~403[7]YuKaiChang,WenXianHua,BuQingJie,etal.Criticalfluxenhancementswithairsparginginaxialhollowfiberscross-flowmicrofiltrationofbiologicallytreatedwastewater[J].JMembraneSci.2003,224:69~79[8],.MBR[J].,2003,19(5):8~12(上接42页);,,44.1,,,,,,4.2,,,,,,,;,,,,,4.34.3.1,,,;,,,,,4.3.2,,,,[1].[M].,1999.112~117[2].[J].,2003(5):132~137[3].[M].,2002.7~24[4].[M].,2003.65~69[5].[J].,2004(4):16~21[6].[J].,2002(3):14~16[7].[J].,2002(2):35~38[8].[J].,2004(1):9~12[9].[J].,2004(6):22~34