静脉治疗护理技术

pHCOD、1,2,1,1＊,1(1.,　200092;2.,　300384):,pH,20～22℃,pH.:pH8.0～10.0,20d,COD(SCOD)pH5.0～7.0,pH=10.0pH=11.0SCODpH=6.010,8d(VFA);.:;;pH:X705　:A　:0250-3301(2006)07-1358-04:2005-07-07;:2005-09-14:(863)(2004AA649330),:(1974～),,,,.＊,E-mail:[e-mail]tionofCOD,PhosphorousandAmmonia-NitrogenDuringtheAnaerobicFermentationofExcessActivatedSludgeYUANHong-ying1,2,ZHANGHua-xing1,CHENYin-guang1,ZHOUQi1(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourcesReuse,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China;2.TianjinInstituteofUrbanConstruction,Tianjin300384,China)Abstract:Therearemainlytwokindsofsludgeinthemunicipalwastewatertreatmentplant,i.e.,primaryandsecondarysludge.ThisstudyinvestigatedtheeffectofpH,rangingfrom4.0～11.0,onhydrolysisintermsofsolublechemicaloxygendemand(SCOD)productionintheanaerobicsolubilizationofexcessactivatedsludgeat20～22℃.ItwasfoundthatwhenthevalueofpHwas8.0～10.0,theproductionquantityofSCODwerehigherthanpH=5.0～7.0.EspeciallywhenthepHwas10.0or11.0,thevalueofSCODwasalmost10timesofpH=6.0duringthewholefermentationof20days.Andvolatilefattyacids(VFA)productiononthe8thdayunderalkalineconditionwashigherthanthatunderacidiccondition.Keywords:excesssludge;anaerobicfermentation;pHcontrolled　　,,.80,,12()650t[1],1000t,240t[2],200320%,[3].、、、..COD,(volatilefattyacids,VFA).,,,.80,.VFA,[4～6].,[7].,pH.pH8.0,.VlyssidespH11.0,90℃,10hCOD(solublechemicaloxygendemand,SCOD)70000mg/L,COD(totalchemicaloxygendemand,TCOD)90%[8].VFA.20～22℃,pH4.0～11.027720067　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.27,No.7Jul.,2006DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2006.07.019SCOD、VFA、(PO3-4-P)(NH+4-N).1　1.1　9100mm,250mm,1.5L.,60～70r/min,.1.20d,2mol/LNaOH2mol/LHClpH,12h1,pH,0～0.3,pH.、、3,.3,3.1　Fig.1　Schematicofexperimentalapparatus1.2　,1.1　/mg·L-1Table1　Characteristicsoftheexcessactivatedsludge/mg·L-1pH6.80.2TSS13808　743VSS10815　159SCOD41　21TCOD13407　573BOD55417　440PO3-4-P45.99.5(NH+4-N)17　9.84(COD)1522　332(COD)8180　103(COD)131　8VFA(COD)16.56.91.3　pH、(totalsuspendedsolids,TSS)、(volatilesuspendedsolids,VSS)、SCOD、TCOD、BOD5、PO3-4-P、NH+4-N(totalKjeldahl-nitrogen,TKN)APHA[9],[10],[9].[11].VFAHP5890,,FID,30m×0.32mm×0.25mmCPWAX52CB,200℃220℃,110℃4min,10℃/min220℃,1.0μL.2　2pH,SCOD.320d,pHSCOD.2　pHSCODFig.2　ChangesofSCODatdifferentpHandtime3　pHSCOD(20d)Fig.3　ImpactsofpHvalueonSCODwithin20days23,20d,pH8.0～11.0,SCODpH4.0～7.0,SCODpH11.0pH10.0pH9.0pH8.0;pH4.0～7.0,SCODpH6.0pH7.0pH5.0pH4.0;pH=10.013597　　　　　　pH=11.0SCODpH=6.010.pH6.0,pHSCOD.20d,pHSCODpH=7.0,pH6.8pH=7.0.24～20dSCOD,2.pH=7.0,y=kx+c,R20.90,cT4(4dSCOD),xt(t≥4),:y=k(t-4)+c(t≥4)　　,pH4.0～6.08.0～11.0,(4d),SCOD.2　pHSCODTable2　ThechangesofSCODunderdifferentpHpHk/mg·(L·d)-1c/mg·L-1T4/mg·L-1R24.077.551392.201821.400.965.052.761249.401478.860.956.023.08751.94862.140.987.084.52742.76871.570.798.086.431592.601655.050.979.099.802523.102772.800.9110.0146.354879.105584.260.9711.0134.206720.107049.230.95pH60.58641.64816.100.96　　20dVFA,8d.48dpHVFA.4,pH8.0～10.0VFA,SCOD,SCOD,VFA.SCOD,pH=4.0VFA,pH;pH=10.0VFA.pH,VFA,pH=11.0SCOD,VFA,pH=4.0SCODpH,VFA.,pH=4.0pH=11.02,.,pHVFA,pH=10.0VFA,pH=10.0pH.5620d,PO3-4-PNH+4-NpH.5,PO3-4-P,(pH=7.0pH=8.0)PO3-4-PpH;,pH=5.0PO3-4-P,pH=10.0pH=11.0PO3-4-P;,pH,pHPO3-4-P.5,PO3-4-PNH+4-N,pH=5.0NH+4-N.,(pH=9.0,pH=10.0pH=11.0),NH+4-N.4　VFApH(8d)Fig.4　ChangesofVFAunderdifferentpHonthe8thday5　PO3-4-PpH(20d)Fig.5　ChangesofPO3-4-PatdifferentpH(within20d)6　NH+4-NpH(20d)Fig.6　ChangesofNH+4-NatdifferentpH(within20d),1360　　　　　　27,.3　(1)pH,SCOD.SCODSCOD.pH10.011.0,20d,SCOD80009000mg/L,TCOD70%.(2)pH4.0～6.08.0～11.0,(4d),SCOD.(3)20dVFA,8d.pH8.0～10.0VFApH5.0～7.0,pH=10.0pH.(4)PO3-4-P,(pH=7.0pH=8.0)PO3-4-PpH.(5).:[1].[J].,1999,(4):17～29.[2].[J].,2002,10(2):85～88.[3],,,.[M].:,2003.[4]BanerjeeA,ElefsiniotisP,TuhtarD.Theeffectofadditionofpotato-processingwastewaterontheacidgenesisofprimarysludgeundervariedhydraulicretentiontimeandtemperature[J].J.Biotechn.,1999,72:203～212.[5]HatziconstantinouGJ,YannakopulosP,AndreadskisA.Primarysludgehydrolysisforbiologicalnutrientremoval[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1996,34(2):417～423.[6]Moser-EngelerR,UdertKM,WildD,etal.Productsfromprimarysludgefermentationandtheirsuitabilityfornutrientremoval[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1998,38(1):265～273.[7],,,.[J].(),2004,5(1):15～17.[8]VlyssidesAG,KlarlisPK.Thermal-alkalinesolubilizationofwasteactivatedsludgeasapre-treatmentstageforanaerobicdigestion[J].BioresourceTechnology,2004,91:201～206.[9]APHAStandardMethodsfortheExaminationofWaterandWastewater[M].(20thed).WashingtonDC:APHA/AWWA/WEF,1998.[10]JenkinsD,RichardMG,DaiggerGT.Manualonthecausesandcontrolofactivatedsludgebulkingandfoaming[M].(2ndediton)BocaRaton,Florida:LewisPublishers,1993.[11]MironY,ZeemanG,JulesBvanL,etal.Theroleofsludgeretentiontimeinthehydrolysisandacidificationoflipids,carbohydratesandproteinsduringdigestionofprimarysludgeinCSTRsystems[J].Wat.Res.,2000,34(5):1705～1713.13617