UASB处理极低浓度生活污水研究郭晓磊

　收稿日期:2001_11_23＊基金项目:(970532);(2KMO65O1S)　作者简介:(1971-),,,.文章编号:1000_565X(2002)03_0066_06UASB处理极低浓度生活污水研究＊郭晓磊　胡勇有(,510640)摘　要:文中研究了极低浓度下UASB反应器处理生活污水的可行性.在停留时间tHR为5.33h时,反应器的CODcr去除率为57.21%,BOD5去除率为69.32%,产气率为0.087m3·m-3·d-1;出水中悬浮物(SS)和挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)很小;反应器内已形成一定数量的颗粒污泥,有w=38.9%的污泥粒径大于0.22mm,污泥沉降性能良好,污泥指数(ISV)为26.5mL·g-1.反应器对冲击负荷有一定抵抗能力,短时间的浓度冲击和pH值降低均不会对反应器产生危害.关键词:极低浓度;生活污水;升流式厌氧污泥床中图分类号:X703.1　　　　文献标识码:A　　(UASB)70,,[1～5],,.UASB90[2,6],、、UASB,[7～10].UASB,(CODcr、BOD5100mg/L)UASB.,UASB.1　实验装置与分析方法UASB,3.85L,1.18L,5.03L.,,1.[6,11],,CODcr168mg·L-1,BOD5118mg·L-1,pH7.0,1.1　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramoftheexperimentalsystem1　Table1　Syntheticsewagecompositionρ/(mg·L-1)ρ/(mg·L-1)　　　30　　　0.05250.030.050.11.12000.6150.0540.05100.091504.050(自然科学版)303JournalofSouthChinaUniversityofTechnologyVol.30　No.320023(NaturalScienceEdition)March　2002　　CODcrCOD[12];BOD5[12];(SS)[12];(ISV)[12];(VFA)[13];[14];[14];[14].2　结果与讨论2.1　反应器的启动,,UASB.:ISV=42mL·g-1,ρ(SS)=23.47g·L-1,(SMA)0.043kg·d-1(VSSCODcr).2.5L,ρ(VSS)=4.33g·L-1.,.tHR=10.22h,0.394kg·m-3·d-1(CODcr).18℃,14.9℃.CODcr,5.33h.2.2　反应器的运行,、,,.,190～230mg·L-1,,200～290mg·L-1;pH6.4,pH6.4.,CODcr24.39%,,,,,CODcr57.21%.,,,,34～36d,9～10℃,CODcr30.6%;,,2.,,UASB,UASB,UASB.2　CODcrFig.2　VariationofCODcrintheeffluenceBOD5CODcr,BOD5/CODcr,0.5630.486,3.SS,ρ(SS)307mg·L-1,ρ(SS),ρ(SS)=20～39mg·L-1.3　BOD5Fig.3　VariationofBOD5intheeffluence,0.0075m3·m-3·d-1,0.087m3·m-3·d-1.,23d,5～14℃,9.4℃,0.0157m3·m-3·d-10.0077m3·m-3·d-1.,φ(CH4)=57.3%,φ(CO2)=36.6%,φ(N2)=6.1%.4,VFAc(VFA)=0.5mmol·L-1,c(VFA)=0.3mmol·L-1,VFA.5VFA().,VFA,.,,　3:UASB67　　　,.,.UASB,,,;,,.,,,.,,70%,.,,,,.4　VFAFig.4　VariationofVFAintheeffluent5　Fig.5　VariationofVFAcomposition2.3　冲击负荷对反应器的影响,.,,pH、,.2.3.1　负荷改变　6A、C、D.A,CODcr312mg·L-1,8h.6,CODcr,VFASS,,.C,6d,8:30～18:30tHR=3.86h,18:30～8:30tHR=5.92h.,,CODcr,59.4%50.18%.,,,.D,ρ(CODcr)=326mg·L-1,10d.,,SS,,SS,VFAVFA,0.6mg·L-1.,CODcr59.61%49.33%,6d,CODcr63%.6　CODcrFig.6　InfluenceofloadingshocksontheCODcrremovalefficiency2.3.2　pH值冲击　,pH=7.0,,CODcr57.21%.,pH.BpH.pH=6.0,8h,pH=7.0,pH,CODcr38.04%,0.0383m3·m-3·d-1,pH.68　　　(自然科学版)30　pH,.,pH,,,.2.4　污泥特性UASB,、,.7,93.6%0.22mm.,30d0.22mm19.4%,100d38.9%,,1mm3.6%.,.7　Fig.7　Grainsizedistributionofsludged10.22mm　　d2=0.22～0.3mm　　d3=0.3～0.56mm　　d4=0.56～1mm　　d5=1.0～2.0mm　　d62.0mm　　UASB,41～46g·L-1,,200～400mg·L-1,,,,.,ISV=26.5ml·g-1,.2.5　CODcr平衡计算2CODcr.,,,,,10%CODcr.,,.CODcr,30%,CODcr27%,CODcrVFA43%9%.2　CODcrTable2　CalculatingdataontheCODcrbalance/dCODcr/(mg·L-1)/%CODcr/(mg·L-1)/%VFACODcr/(mg·L-1)/%CODcr/(mg·L-1)/%1616.221038.78231811　　　95567950.373045.752715956.8834　　,,27%CODcr,,.2.6　颗粒污泥的微生物相,,8.,,.,,,,,、.,.,.[15,16],.,　3:UASB69　　　,,.　　　　　　　(a)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(b)8　Fig.8　SEMphotographsofgranularsludge3结论(1)UASB,,tHR=5.33h,CODcr57.21%,BOD569.32%,0.087m3·m-3·d-1.,,pH.,UASB.(2),UASB,pH,,,.参考文献:[1]　,,.[J].,2000,26(1):33-38.[2]　YoussoufKalogo,WillyVerstraete.Developmentofanaerobicsludgebed(ASB)reactortechnologiesfordomesticwastewatertreatment:motivesandperspec-tive[J].WorldJournalofMicrobiology&Biotechno_logy,1999,15:523-534.[3]　FangHHJ,Lau1WC.Start_upofthermophilic(55℃)UASBreactorsusingdifferentmesophilicseedsludges[J].WatSciTech,1996,34(5-6):455-467.[4]　ImaiT,UkitaM,LiuJ.AdvancedstartupofUASBreactorsbyaddingofwaterabsorbingpolymer[J].WatSciTech,1997,36(6,7):399-406.[5]　SchmidtJE,AhringBR.GranularsludgeForma-tioninupflowanaerobicsludgeblanket(UASB)re-actors[J].BiotechnologyandBioengineering,1996,49(2):229-245.[6]　SeghezzoL,ZeemanG,vanLierJB.Areview:theanaerobictreatmentofsewageinUASBandEGSBreactors[J].BioresourceTechnology,1998,65:175-190.[7]　BehlingE,DiazA,ColinaG.DomesticwastewatertreatmentusingaUASBreactor[J].BioresourceTechnology,1997,61(3):239-245.[8]　ChernicharoCAL,MachadoRMG.FeasibilityoftheUASB/AFsystemfordomesticsewagetreatmentindevelopingcountries[J].WatSciTech,1998,38(8-9):325-332.[9]　UemuraS,HaradaH.TreatmentofsewagebyaUASBreactorundermoderatetolowtemperatureconditions[J].BioresourceTechnology,2000,72:275-282.[10]　SanzI,Fdz_Polanco.AnarobictreatmentofmunicipalsewageinUASBandAFBRreactors[J].Environ-mentalTechnologyLetters,1989,10(2):453-462.[11]　SinghRP,KumarS.NutrientrequirementforUASBprocess:areview[J].BiochemicalEngineeringJour-nal,1999,3:35-54.[12]　.[M]..:,1989.[13]　.[M].,,1998.[14]　.UASB[D].:,2001.[15]　SekiguchiY,VochtenP,VieiraS,etal.Fluores-70　　　(自然科学版)30　cenceinsituhybridizationusing16srRNA_targetedoligonucleotidesrevealslocalizationofmethano_gensandselectedunculturedbacteriainmesophilicandthermophilicsludgegranules[J].ApplEnvi-ronMicrobiol,1999,65(3):1280-1291.[16]　WuWei_min,JainMK,ZeikusJG.Formationoffattyacid_degrading,anaerobicgranulesbydefinedspecies[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1996,62(6):2037-2047.UASBTreatmentofExtremelyLowConcentrationDomesticSewageGuoXiao_lei　HuYong_you(Dept.ofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthChinaUniv.ofTech.,Guangzhou510640,China)Abstract:ThetreatmentofextremelylowconcentrationdomesticsewageinaUASBreactorwasstudiedinthispaper.Thereactorwasinoculatedwithdigestedsewagesludge.RemovalefficienciesofBOD5=69.32%andCODcr=57.21%wereobtainedwitha