不同水生植物抑藻效果及机理研究

2014－08－20不同水生植物抑藻效果及机理研究121．6727002．200433对水芹、美人蕉、黄菖蒲、菹草4种水生植物对铜绿微囊藻的化感特征进行了研究。不同的植物组织器官及不同的植物处理方式下，抑藻效果不同，最具抑藻潜力的植物为黄菖蒲和美人蕉。经黄菖蒲和美人蕉种植水培养5d后，铜绿微囊藻的抑制率达70.12%～77.25%。质量分数为0.53%的黄菖蒲叶提取物，经11d的培养后，对铜绿微囊藻的抑制率为65.30%。抑藻机理可能在于化感物质的胁迫使微囊藻细胞内活性氧自由基过量堆积，进而引起对藻细胞的伤害和影响藻类正常的光合作用。SOD酶活性与藻的比增长率均呈现较好的负相关关系。:水生植物;铜绿微囊藻;超氧化物歧化酶;抑藻;化感作用X17A1673－9655201406－0015－08。1。23、。4、5、6、、7。、、8。9＞40ml/L98.66%＜30ml/L。Wu1060mg/L50%a50%100mg/L90%a75%。1112。。、。①。。②。。③。。、、、4、、、、、、。、。—51—环境科学导刊，33(6)CN53－1205/XISSN1673－9655DOI:10.13623/j.cnki.hkdk.2014.06.004、、。11.14Oenanthejavani-ca、IrispseudacorusL、Cannalily、Potamogetoncrispus。0.2mmol/LCaSO424h。1.2CaSO4、CaClO2。1.31.3.1MicrocystisaeruginosaFACHB－9052L25℃12h2000lux。2。1.3.22～3。10min。＜5mm×5mm10g。10g100ml2h。WhatmanGF/C100ml10g/100ml=10%4。。8mlBG－11150mlV∶V=5.3%0.8gm∶V=0.53%。30min6000rpm10℃4min3.0×106cells/ml。3.0×106cells/ml。25℃12h2000lux。2。1.3.32～3。10min。5g5mm×5mm10%CaClO215min4。10min。。0.8gBG－11150mlm∶V=0.53%13。。1.3.435d0.45μm。。100ml50m3.0×106cells/ml100ml。2。1.3.5GB/T5009.171－2003。1.3.6cell/ml2220%3。1.41.4.1IＲ=1－Nt/Mt×100%IＲ—Nt—tMt—t。Logistic。NmK。LnK－Nt/Nt=a－rtar。Logistic0tp=a－ln2/r。1.4.2μμ=B2－B1/t2－t1μ－d－1B2－cell/mlB1－cell/mlt2－t1－d。1.4.3Nmax＜5%—61—环境科学导刊月×106cell/ml。22.11、、。5d5d1.03×107cell/ml9.61×106～1.10×107cell/ml－6.77%～6.77%5d。11d1.33×107cell/ml2.76×107cell/ml51.81%4.00%、9.73%。11d33.10%、20.68%16.43%。25d1.52×107cell/ml2.76×107cell/ml44.95%11d13.48%。0～11d2.66%～24.47%7d18.80%～29.33%。3、、、411d6.75×106cell/ml1/43d、7d、11d12.52%、24.47%、56.96%5d65.30%32.28%。31.71%＞15.86%＞8.09%＞－30.89%。—71—。、、15。、。51.81%16.43%75.52%。、11617。。2.2。435d4。3d5d77.25%70.12%。40.02%。51.94%7d15.05%。。1819。、、、。—81—环境科学导刊、Lo-gisticNmKlnK－Nt/Ntytxar。Logistic0tp=a－ln2/r。logistic、12。1logistic、K/×106cell/mlartp/dＲ227.572.730.504.10.986726.462.740.494.10.983523.202.430.493.50.985418.961.480.253.20.868027.702.310.374.40.956818.832.480.593.00.923824.892.630.543.60.979015.181.540.451.90.961736.092.840.464.70.993123.852.510.493.70.975825.342.470.444.00.99252logistic、K/×106cell/mlartp/dＲ227.572.730.504.10.986718.441.750.343.10.926022.392.110.393.60.986014.121.390.282.50.964023.042.500.473.80.991620.632.100.403.50.993014.071.160.381.20.427821.872.170.413.60.994125.682.530.404.60.98489.300.770.280.30.504925.412.520.434.30.994918.672.030.443.00.9820、K、tpμ5。Kμtpμ0.9153、0.95770.13/d。、、。μ0μ＞μ0μ0＞μ＞2/3μ0μ＜2/3μ03。μ＜2/3μ0＞＞＞0.3～2.5d3.2dμ0＞μ＞2/3μ067%3.5～4.1d1.9～4.1dμ＞μ0＞4.4d。、。—91—“”20。、、DNA21。Superox-ideDismutaseSOD、CatalaseCAT、PeroxidasePODSODSODCAT、PODSODCAT、PODSOD。6SOD。SOD11dSOD1.14U10－6/cells。、、4SOD。SODSOD2.27U10－6/cellsSOD0.77U10－6/cells。SODSOD4.30U10－6/cellsSOD0.95U10－6/cells。SODO2·－22。SODSODSODO2·－—02—环境科学导刊。SOD7SODSOD。3、＞＞。＞＞＞、、。SODSOD。1DaiWZhangSLLinYJetal．AllelopathicEffectsofBerber-ineaPlantAlkaloidontheAlgaeMicrocystisaeruginosaFACHB－905atDifferentInitialDensitiesJ．IsraeliJournalofAquaculture－Bamidgeh2013651－5．2FerrierMDButlerBＲTerlizziDEetal．TheeffectsofbarleystrawHordeumvulgareonthegrowthoffreshwateralgaeJ．BioresourceTechnology200596161788－1795．3XiaoXChenY－xLiangX－qetal．EffectsofTibetanhullessbarleyonbloom－formingcyanobacteriumMicrocystisaeruginosameasuredbydifferentphysiologicalandmorphologicparametersJ．Chemosphere20108191118－1123．4BallASWilliamsMVincentDetal．AlgalgrowthcontrolbyabarleystrawextractJ．BioresourceTechnology2001772177－181．5ParkMHHwangSJAhnCYetal．ScreeningofseventeenoakextractsforthegrowthinhibitionofthecyanobacteriumMicrocystisaeruginosaKutz．em．ElenkinJ．BulletinofEnvironmentalCon-taminationandToxicology20067719－14．6ParkM－HKimB－HChungI－Metal．SelectiveBactericid-alPotentialofＲiceOryzasativaL．var．japonicaHullExtractonMicrocystisStrainsinComparisonwithGreenAlgaeandZooplank-tonJ．BulletinofEnvironmentalContaminationandToxicology200983197－101．7ChenJZLiuZLＲenGJetal．ControlofMicrocystisaerugino-saTH01109withbatangasmandarinskinanddwarfbananapeelJ．WaterSa2004302279－282．8ChenJZhangHHanZetal．Theinfluenceofaquaticmacro-phytesonMicrocystisaeruginosagrowthJ．EcologicalEngineer-ing201242130－133．9．J．200992277－2282．10WuXWuHChenJetal．EffectsofallelochemicalextractedfromwaterlettucePistiastratiotesLinn．onthegrowthmicro-cystinproductionandreleaseofMicrocystisaeruginosaJ．Envi-ronmentalScienceandPollutionＲesearch201320118192－8201．11ChangXEigemannFandHiltS．Domacrophytessupportharm-fulcyanobacteriaInteractionswithagreenalgareversetheinhibi-tingeffectsofmacrophyteallelochemicalsonMicrocystisaeruginosaJ．HarmfulAlgae20121976－84．12MulderijGMooijWMSmoldersAJPetal．Allelopathicinhi-bitionofphytoplanktonbyexudatesfromStratiotesaloidesJ．A-quaticBotany2005824284－296．13ChenJZhangHHanZetal．Theinfluenceofaquaticmacro-phytesonMicrocystisaeruginosagrowthJ．EcologicalEngineer-ing201242130－133．14NakaiSHosomiM．AllelopathicinhibitoryeffectsofpolyphenolsreleasedbyMyriophyllumspicatumonalgalgrowthJ．Allelopa-thyJournal2002102123－