常温生活污水EGSB反应器颗粒污泥的特性刘晓

35　2大连海事大学学报Vol.35　No.220095JournalofDalianMaritimeUniversityMay,　2009:1006-7736(2009)02-0113-04EGSB刘　晓1,董春娟1,2,吕炳南1,陈素云2(1.,　150090;2.,　030009):为研究生活污水EGSB反应器内的颗粒污泥特性,考察了运行条件的影响。结果表明,15℃以上时缩短水利停留时间(HRT)可提高COD去除率。HRT从1.6h缩短至0.6h,平均COD去除率从77%增加至82%。水力和基质的过负荷都会加速颗粒污泥解体。上升流速为2.8～3.1mh、容积负荷率(VLR)低于(12.9±7.6)kg(m3·d)时,污泥粒径分布相对稳定;上升流速为3.8mh、冲击负荷为38kg(m3·d)时,则造成明显的污泥解体。高负荷运行有利于增加颗粒内部生物密度,但过度剪切造成的污泥破碎和粒径过小也会加剧洗出,尤其在低温条件下。缩短HRT可提高颗粒污泥活性。20℃以上,HRT从1.6h缩短至0.75h后,污泥比产甲烷活性(SMA)由0.85g(g·d)(VSS)增加至1.11g(g·d)(VSS)。长期低温驯化后,甲烷菌得以富集,10℃、HRT为2h时,SMA增加至1.21g(g·d)(VSS)。扫描电镜观察发现,颗粒污泥不同部位呈现明显的菌群分区现象。:颗粒污泥膨胀床(EGSB)反应器;厌氧颗粒污泥;粒径分布;沉速;比产甲烷活性;微生物分布:X703　　　　　:ACharacteristicsofgranularsludgeinEGSBreactorfordomesticsewagetreatmentunderambienttemperatureLIUXiao1,DONGChun-juan1,2,LVBing-nan1,CHENSu-yun2(1.SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,China;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,TaiyuanUniversity,Taiyuan030009,China)Abstract:Theinfluencesofoperatingconditionsonthecharac-teristicsofanaerobicgranularsludgeinexpandedgranularsludgebed(EGSB)reactorwereinvestigated.Resultsshowthatshort-eninghydraulicretentiontime(HRT)canimproveCODremovalatabove15℃.TheaverageCODremovalrateincreasesfrom77%to82%whenHRTdecreasesfrom1.6hto0.6h.Nev-ertheless,bothhydraulicandsubstrateoverloadingacceleratesludgedegranulation.Sludgesizedistributionremaincompara-tivelystableunderup-flowvelocityof2.8～3.1mhandvolu-metricloadingrate(VLR)lessthan(12.9±7.6)kg(m3·d),however,obviousdegranulationoccurresasup-flowvelocityin-creasesto3.8mhandencountersaVLRof38kg(m3·d).Al-thoughcompactgranulesformsunderhighloadingrate,smallparticlesandlowtemperaturecanrisksludgewashout.ShorterHRTsstimulatemicrobialactivityandmethanogensthriveunderlowtemperature.Specificmethanogenicactivity(SMA)ofsludgerisesfrom0.85to1.11g(g·d)(VSS)asHRTshortensfrom1.6hto0.75hatabove20℃,andfurtherincreasesto1.21g(g·d)(VSS)at10℃afterlong-termadaptation.SEMmicrographsshowsthatdifferentbacterialdensitiesandpopula-tionsinhabitatdifferentzones.Keywords:expandedgranularsludgebed(EGSB)reactor;anaerobicgranularsludge;granulesizedistribu-tion;settlingvelocity;specificmethanogenicactivi-ty;microbialdistribution0　引　言(EGSB)3,(UASB)(AFB),.,.EGSB:2008-07-02.:2007(2007031104-1);(20071097);2007(07021003).:　(1976-),,,,E-mail:[e-mail].:(1940-),,,,.DOI:10.16411/j.cnki.issn1006-7736.2009.02.006(、[1-3])、([4])([2]、[5-6]).(10～25℃)EGSB、、.1　材料和方法1.1　1,EGSB2.3m,18L.1.8m,10cm,13.3L.,;.1　EGSB1.2　EGSB,17gL.,0.43～1.25mm,.,COD88～952mgL,pH7.4～8.1,146～391mgL,NH3-N(SS)25～72mgL80～320mgL.1.3　pHpH-3;COD、NH3-N、SS、(VSS)[7].,2.00、1.60、1.43、1.25、1.00、0.80、0.63、0.43、0.30mm,105℃,(TSS).0.5m.(SMA):250mL50mL,0.15～0.25gVSS,[3],100mL.V(N2)∶V(CO2)=7∶35min,,30℃,24h.SMA.:※-※(BAL-TECCPD030)※(BAL-TECSCD005)※FEIQUANTA200.2　结果与讨论2.1　EGSB,,1.15℃COD100mgL,(VLR),COD.15℃,COD,,COD.,、,.15℃、..-,(),.CH4H2SCOD.,、、、,COD.,15℃VLRCOD,.,,.2.2　,、.,,;,.　　2.,2.8～3.1mh(VLR(12.9±7.6)kg(m3·d))0.43mm80%,,.114　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　大连海事大学学报　　　　　　　　　　　　　第35卷　1　EGSBh℃HRTh(m·h-1)COD(mg·L-1)COD(mg·L-1)VLR(kg·m-3·d-1)%14～3324～261.62.8386±124.785±21.35.7±1.877.1±4.934～6320～261.22.8461±210.075±19.69.2±4.281.3±6.764～8718～220.753.1404±236.149±12.312.9±7.681.2±13.888～10315～180.63.8394±286.754±16.615.8±11.582.1±9.7104～12114～150.753.1369±135.3120±28.311.8±4.366.0±5.2122～148131.22.8232±60.084±15.24.6±1.262.0±9.7149～1851022.8334±119.2156±58.94.0±1.453.1±6.93.8mh,38kg(m3·d),,0.8mm56%47%,0.43mm18%25%.,,10℃70%0.8mm,0.43mm.,Gibbs()[8],,.,,.2　2.3　,[1]v=4gds(ρs-ρ)3ξρ(1):g;ds;ρs、ρ(kgm3);μ(Pa·s);ξ,(Re).(0.365、0.530、0.715、0.900、1.125、1.340、1.515、1.800mm).20℃10℃(3),(Re=ρdsvμ)1～39,(1Re500),ξ=18.5Re-0.6.(1),.320℃10℃.3　3,.,,(1)..,ds0.43mm,,,[9].,,.(ds0.43mm),.,,,.EGSB(v)(v1),vv1,,,,;,,.:,.ds0.43mm20mh,.EGSB,.2.4　SMA4.20～25℃,HRT1.6、1.2、0.75h115第2期　　　　　　　　刘　晓,等:常温生活污水EGSB反应器颗粒污泥的特性　　　　　　　　　SMA0.85、0.98、1.11g(g·d)(VSS).HRTSMA,,,.,13℃、HRT1.2h10℃、HRT2hSMA1.03g(g·d)(VSS)1.21g(g·d)(VSS).,;,.4　HRTSMA2.5　5.:“”,、,,,.;.5　3　结　论EGSB,15℃COD.HRT1.6h0.6h,COD77%82%,COD.,2.8～3.1mh、VLR(12.9±7.6)kg(m3·d),;3.8mh38kg(m3·d),.,,.HRT,20℃,HRT1.6h0.75h,SMA0.851.11g(g·d)(VSS)..13℃、HRT1.2h,SMA1.03g(g·d)(VSS);10℃、HRT2h,SMA1.21g(g·d)(VSS).SEM,.(References):[1]LIUYH,HEYL,YANGSC,etal.Studiesontheex-pansioncharacteristicsofthegranularbedpresentinEGSBbioreactors[J].WaterSA,2006,32(4):555-560.[2],　,,.EGSB[J].,2005,29(5):605-608.[3]CHULi-bing,YANGFeng-lin,ZHANGXing-wen.Anaerobictreatmentofdomesticwastewaterinamem-brane-coupledexpendedgranularsludgebed(EGSB)reac-torundermoderatetolowtemperature[J].ProcessBio-chemistry,2005,40(3-4):1063-1070.[4]　,,,.———[J].,2005,45(6):925-929.[5]GONZALEZGG.Glusterstructureofanaerobicaggregatesofanexpandedgranularsludgebedreactor[J].ApplEnvir-onMicrobiol,2001,67(8):3683-3692.[6]CONNAUGHTONS,COLLINSG,O'FLAHERTYV.Developmentofmicrobialcommunitystructureandactivityinahigh-rateanaerobicbioreactorat18℃[J].WaterRe-search,2006,40(5):1009-1017.[7].[M].4.:,2002.[8]LIUYu,XUHai-lou,YANGShu-fang,etal.Mecha-nismsandmodelsforanaerobicgranulationinupflowanaer-obicslud