超滤法回收造纸黑液中木质素的研究李仲民

李仲民,童张法(,　530004)　:,、、,、,。。:;;;:TQ028.8　　　:A　　　:1005-9954(2003)01-0049-04　　,,,,。,、、,。,、、、、、、[1]。[2—3]。,,。5000—50000[3],。1　1.1　,,pH7.6,120gL,29.6gL。1.2　0.04μm、10cm2。1.3　,0.1—0.25MPa。,0.15MPa30min,。1.4　1、,。1-料液槽;2-恒流泵;3-超滤器;4-压力表;5-量筒1　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramofultrafiltrationexperiment1.5　J,:J=VS×t(1)V,L;S,m2;t,h。1.6　[4]。1.7　RL:RL=CL-CLCL×100%(2)·49·李仲民等　:(1997-397):(1963—),,,,:[phone]。,CL,gL;CL,gL。2　2.1　0.1—0.25MPa,120gL,、2、3。2,,,。,,,。,,,,,,。3,,,,,,,,Rm,JΔp:J=ΔpRm(3)2　Fig.2　Relationbetweenultrafiltrationfluxandtime,,,,,。,RpRg。,JΔp:J=ΔpRm+Rp+Rg(4)　　3,,。,,,,,,。3　Fig.3　Relationbetweenstableultrafiltrationfluxandoperationpressure2.2　、。,。0.2MPa,4。,5。4,,。,、、。,。,,,,。,·50·　2003311,。,,。5,,。,。,,,,。4　Fig.4　Relationbetweenultrafiltrationfluxofblackliquorofdifferentsoluteconcentrationandtime5　Fig.5　Relationbetweenstableultrafiltrationfluxandsoluteconcentrationofblackliquor2.3　0.2MPa,,6。6,,。,,,,,,。6　Fig.6　Relationbetweenligninrejectionandsoluteconcentrationofblackliquor2.4　120gL,7。7,。,。7　Fig.7　Relationbetweenligninrejectionandoperationpressure2.5　,,,。,,,,。5gL20min,0.15MPa,8。8,·51·李仲民等　,,,,。,,,,,,,,。,,,,。8　、Fig.8　Affectionofsurfactantmodifiedmembranesurfacetoultrafiltrationflux3　(1),,;,,。,,,,、。(2),,。(3),95.9%。(4),,,。:[1]　,,.[M].:,1996.347.[2]　,,,.[J].,1995,16(4):1—2.[3]　.[J].,2000,26(1):85—88.[4]　.[M].:,1975.23—27.··“-”、“2ta”2002。、。,()。,“,,”,,5,7,14,7。·52·　2003311packingstructureiscomposedofstainlesssteelpackingandcatalystparticle.Thevoidofthreecatalyst-packingstructuresis85.1%,81.6%and79.4%respectively.Asforcumeneproduction,itisprovedthatthevoidofcatalyticpackingstructurehasdominanteffectontheresultofchemicalreactionandseparation.Bykeepingthetotalamountofcatalystunchanged,selectivityofcumeneandconversionofpropyleneincreaseswiththevoidofcatalystpackingstructure.Intheoptionalconditions,selectivityofcumenecanbehighas97%;conversionofpropyleneisnearly100%.Theinfluenceofcatalystpackingstructureonselectivityofcumeneismoreremarkablethanthatonconversionofpropylene.Keywords:catalyticdistillation;cumene;propylene;catalystpackingstructure;selectivity;conversionStudyontheRecoveryofLigninfromBlackLiquorbyUltrafiltrationLIZhong-min,TONGZhang-fa(SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,GuangxiUniversity,Nanning530004,Guangxi,China)Abstract:Thestudyontherecoveryofligninfromblackliquorbyultrafiltrationwasintroduced.Therelationsoftime,pressureandconcentrationwithpermeatingflux,therelationofrejectionwithconcentrationandpressure,theanti-foulingeffectofultrafiltrationwithsurfactant-modifiedmembranesurfaceweregiven.Inaddition,themechanismsofultrafiltra-tionprocessinblackliquorwereexplained.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatitiseffectiveforrecoveringligninfromblackliquorbyultrafiltration.Keywords:blackliquor;ultrafiltration;recovery;ligninPotentialParameterforLennard-Jones(12-6)PotentialbyGasViscosityLIYan-hao1,MAPei-sheng1,WANGYan-ru2(1.CollegeofChemicalEngineering,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,China;2.NanjingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,Nanjing2l0009,JiangsuProvince,China)Abstract:Asapotentialmodelmostinuse,Lennard-Jones(l2-6)potentialiswidelyappliedintheengineeringcalcu-lationandscientificresearchwork.Lennard-Jones(l2-6)potentialparametersfor206substancesweregivenbySvehlain1962,ofwhich,themostreliableandbetteronesweregotfromgasviscositydata.SinceSvehla′swork,manynewandmoreaccurateexperimentshavebeendoneformeasurementofgasviscosityatatmosphericpressure.Therefore,po-tentialparametersforLennard-Jones(l2-6)potentialof63substancesweredeterminedonthebasisoftheirgasviscositydata,allofwhichwereofexperimentalmeasurementsandassessed.ItwasmuchbetterforcalculatinggasviscositywithnewLennard-Jones(12-6)potentialparametersthanwiththatofSvehla′s.Inaddition,itwasprovedthatpotentialpa-rametersforLennard-Jones(l2-6)potentialfromgasviscositydatawereofhigherqualitythanthatfromthesecondvirialcoefficientdata.Keywords:Lennard-Jones(l2-6);viscosity;potentialparameter·5·ABSTRACT