城市给水厂排泥水的减量化试验研究

孙敏1,周华1,2,袁哲1,付永华1,陈卫1(1.河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098;2.华东勘测设计研究院,浙江杭州310014):为发展城市给水厂排泥水节水技术,在示范水厂开展了排泥水的减量化试验研究通过对示范水厂排泥水水质的分析和排泥水的减量化生产性试验,提出了水厂各构筑物的节水排泥工况:折板絮凝池1#2#排泥管的排泥时间为20s/次,3#4#的为40s/次,5#~8#的为60s/次;平流沉淀池前20m的排泥周期为24h,采用双程排泥,后70m的排泥周期为48h,为单程排泥;V型砂滤池的反冲洗周期为48h,采用气冲(3min)/气水冲(3min)/水冲(5min)/全程表扫的反冲洗方式运行表明,节水排泥工况对各构筑物的出水水质基本无影响,并可使絮凝池沉淀池砂滤池分别节水约25%37.5%39.7%,水厂的总排泥耗水率可从原来的3.07%降至1.9%采用节水排泥工况后,水厂可减少排泥水量近43104m3/a,同时节约生产成本约42万元/a,环境经济效益可观:水厂排泥水;减量化;耗水率;节水排泥工况:TU991:A:1000-4602(2010)09-0001-05:(2006BAB17B02)StudyonReductionofSludgeWaterinUrbanWaterTreatmentPlantsSUNMin1,ZHOUHua1,2,YUANZhe1,FUYong-hua1,CHENWei1(1.CollegeofEnvironment,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China;2.EastChinaInstituteofInvestigation,Hangzhou310014,China)Abstract:Thereductionofsludgewaterinurbanwatertreatmentplantswasstudiedwithafocusofdevelopingwater-savingtechnologies.Byanalyzingsludgewaterqualityandconductingsludgereduc-tiontestsinademonstrationwatertreatmentplan,twater-savingsludgedischargeconditionsofplantstructuresarebroughtup:thesludgedischargetimeoffoldedplateflocculatoris20secondseachtimeforpipesNo.1andNo.2,40secondseachtimeforpipesNo.3andNo.4,and60secondseachtimeforpipesNo.5toNo.8;inthehorizonta-lflowsedimentationtank,thesludgedischargecycleforthefirst20metersis24hours,andthesludgedischargeistwo-passatatime;thesludgedischargecycleforthebackward70metersis48hours,andthesludgedischargeisone-passatatime;thebackwashcycleoftheV-shapedfilteris48h,andthebackwashprocedureisairwashingfor3minutes,air-waterwashingfor3minutes,waterwashingfor5minutesandsurfacesweepwashingfor11minutes.Theoperationshowsthatthewater-savingsludgedischargeconditionsdonotaffectthestatusofwaterqualityandallowtheflocculator,thesedimentationtankandthefiltertosavewaterby25%,37.5%and39.7%respec-tively.Thetotalwaterconsumptionrateforsludgedischargeisreducedfrom3.07%to1.9%.Thewa-1第26卷第9期2010年5月中国给水排水CHINAWATER&WASTEWATERVo.l26No.9May2010ter-savingsludgedischargeconditionscanreducesludgewaterofnearly430000m3/aandsaveproduc-tioncostof420000RMBannually.Theenvironmentalandeconomicbenefitsareallconsiderable.Keywords:sludgewaterinwatertreatmentplan;treduction;waterconsumptionrate;wa-ter-savingsludgedischargeconditions()(),4%~7%,N,,,1水厂概况N20104m3/d,10104m3/d,10104m3/d,(1),V(5~10)(0.5~0.6)(0.06~0.08)(0.05~0.08)NTU1Fig.1Flowchartoftreatmentprocesses,3.2%,3.07%,95%2结果与讨论21N,16,8,(2)24h,1min,1#~8#,,12Fig.2Layoutofsludgedischargepipesinflodedplateflocculationtank1Tab.1Currentsludgedischargeconditioninflocculationtank/%/NTU/(m3d-1)/cm1#2#0.082241203#4#0.268241205#6#0.431383122.57#8#0.441542122.5:,1,1#2#,,1#2#15s,1#2#20s;3#4#40s,40s;5#~8#,,22Tab.2Water-savingsludgedischargeconditionsinflocculationtank/%/NTU/s/(m3d-1)/%/cm1#2#0.194952046703#4#0.3110684083305#6#0.391475601202.57#8#0.411627601202.5,1#~4#2第26卷第9期中国给水排水(192m3/d144m3/d),0.19%0.14%22,24h,933m3/d90m,,30m,,30m(3)3Fig.3Comparisonbetweentwosludgedischargewaysinsettlingtank,,,44Fig.4Sludgedepositionheightandsolidcontentinsludgewateralongsettlingtank4,20m,20m20m(0.08%~1.68%),70m0.03%,0.014%,[12],:20m24h,;70m48h,,70m0.014%0.019%;37.5%,933m3/d583m3/d,0.93%0.58%,,70m48h,20m,,[34],,70m23NV8,,636h,6,4:(2min)/(3min)/(6min)/(5min)/:15L/(sm2);3L/(sm2),6L/(sm2);1.4~2L/(sm2)488m3/,1952m3/d,1#2#55Fig.5Turbidityvariationofbackwashwaterwithtime5,1#2#:,100NTU;,60NTU;,,3min3孙敏,等:城市给水厂排泥水的减量化试验研究第26卷第9期10NTU,10NTU,,:,,,[56],,36h48h;2min3min3min4min,8,33Tab.3Comparisonofdifferentbackwashwaysinfilter/h/min/min/min/min/NTU/m3/%363651440.14883251362351045.438025322.22362441048.936024026.23363341051.734022730.24363431053.832021334.55482361154.343221633.56482451155.241220636.67483351155.639219639.78483451253.142421234.8:(10NTU);=(-)/3,7,,,,39.7%,1952m3/d1176m3/d,1.95%1.18%,,3经济效益分析N,25%37.5%39.7%1.75104m312.78104m328.32104m3,42.85104m3,,41.9/a(4),4Tab.4Economicbenefitanalysisofwater-savingsludgedischargeconditions/(m-3)PAC/(a-1)0.780.1580.020.0020.9601.680.780.1580.020.0020.96012.270.780.1790.020.0020.0060.98727.954结论,N:1#2#20s/,3#4#40s/,5#~8#60s/;20m24h,,70m48h,;V48h,(3min)/(3min)/(5min)/,,0.19%0.14%,0.93%0.58%,1.95%1.18%,3.07%1.9%,38%43104m3/a,41.9/a,:[1],,,.[J].,2007,33(12):9-12.(下转第12页)4第26卷第9期中国给水排水[1],,,.[J].,2009,25(17):14-19.[2]vanVeldhuizenHM,vanLoosdrechtMCM,HeijinenJJ,etal.Modellingbiologicalphosphorusandnitrogenre-movalinafullscaleactivatedsludgeprocess[J].WaterRes,1999,33(16):3459-3468.[3]HaoXD,HeijnenJJ,vanLoosdrechtMCM,etal.Sensitivityanalysisofabiofilmmodeldescribingaone-stagecompletelyautotrophicnitrogenremoval(CANON)process[J].BiotechnolBioeng,2002,77(3):266-277.[4]HaoXD.Mode-lbasedoptimizationofsustainablebio-logicalnutrientremovalprocesses[D].Delft,theNeth-erlands:DelftUniversityofTechnology,2001.[5]HaoXD,vanLoosdrechtMCM,MeijerSCF,etal.Model-basedevaluationoftwoBNRprocessesUCTandA2N[J].WaterRes,2001,35(12):2851-2860.[6]SinG,GernaeyKV,NeumannM,etal.Uncertaintya-nalysisinWWTPmodelapplications:Acriticaldiscus-sionusinganexamplefromdesign[J].WaterRes,2009,43(11):2894-2906.[