城市旅游区降雨径流污染特征以武汉动物园为例

26720067　　　　　　ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVo.l26,No.7Ju.l,2006:(“863”)(No.2002AA601022)SupportedbytheHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(No.2002AA601022):(1976—),,,E-mail:[e-mail];*()Biography:ZHAOJianwei(1976—),male,Ph.D.candidate,[e-mail];*Correspondingauthor,,.2006.———[J].,26(7):1062-1067ZhaoJW,ShanBQ,YinCQ.2006.Characterizationofstorm-waterpollutioninurbantouristattractions———AcasestudyinWuhanZoo[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,26(7):1062-1067———赵建伟1,2,单保庆1,*,尹澄清11.中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京1000852.中国科学院研究生院,北京100049:2005-12-14　　　:2006-04-18　　　:2006-04-26:5,,,、、、5,.,,.N、P.,TN、DN、TP、DP、COD、SS165、31.2、22.5、1.03、2216、8571kghm-2a-1..:;;;;:0253-2468(2006)07-1062-06　　　:X522　　　:ACharacterizationofstorm-waterpollutioninurbantouristattractions———AcasestudyinWuhanZooZHAOJianwei1,2,SHANBaoqing1,*,YINChengqing11.ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing1000852.GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049Received14December2005;　　　receivedinrevisedform18April2006;　　　accepted26April2006Abstract:FivetypicalcatchmentsintheWuhanZoowereselectedformonitoringinordertostudystorm-waterpollutionprocess.Theresultsshowedthatparticlenitrogenandparticlephosphoruswerethemainformstransportedbyrunof.fBirdyard,beastyardandexposedwoodlandwerethekeysitesofpollutionsource.TheunitpollutantloadingratesofTN、DN、TP、DP、COD、SSwere165.0forbeastyard,31.2forroof,22.5、1.03、2216、8571kghm-2a-1forbeastyardrespectively.Typeoflandusewasprimarylimitingfactorinfluencingstorm-waterpollutioninurbantouristattractions.Keywords:diffusepollution;storm-water;touristattractions;EMC;load1　(Introduction),(,1999;,1995).,(,2004).、、,.,.,.、、.,,.(,2000),.DOI牶牨牥牣牨牫牰牱牨牤j牣hjkxxb牣牪牥牥牰牣牥牱牣牥牥牫7:———,,,、.,.2　(Methods)2.1　实验区域,26hm2.1300mm,4～9.、、、、.,,.,,,.2.2　降雨径流监测5,、、、、,1.,.,,,;,68%.,,,.,,22%.,,.20045,,30min5min,30min10min,10～30min..1Table1　Summaryofstudiedcatchmentscharacteristics/m240858.3%11.8%73%11%0.2551674.4%14.1%76%68%0.16220009%—0.568089.3%030%—0.162710.6%100%22%—0.832.3　水样分析,(1km).(TN)、(DN)、(TP)、(DP)、(CODCr)(SS).TN,TP,CODCr,SS,DN、DP0.45μm,TN、TP.(PN)(PP)TNDN、TPDP.(AmericanPublicHealthAssociationetal.,1985;,1990).2.4　计算方法,,EMC(eventmeanconcentration)(Sansaloneetal.,1997):CEM=∑QiCiΔt/∑QiΔt(1),CEM,mgL-1;Qi,m3h-1;Ci,mgL-1;Δt,h.(Schueler,1987),UPLRs(unitpollutantloadingrates):L=0.01×Cv×R×CEM(2),L,kghm-2a-1;Cv,;R,mma-1;CEM,mgL-1.Cv(1),R1300mm.1063　　　　　　　　　　263　(Results)3.1　径流污染过程1,.,,,.,.,.,,.,,.,.,,,,.,.,,.,,(Leeetal.,2002).1　(,2004-08-14)Fig.1　Typicalcharacteristicsofstorm-waterofpervioussurfaceintouristattractions(exposedforest,08/14/04)3.2　径流水质特征20042,,..,,,..,,.,,,,.10647:———2Table2　Summaryofstorm-waterqualityinstudiedcatchmentsTN/(mgL-1)DN/(mgL-1)TP/(mgL-1)DP/(mgL-1)COD/(mgL-1)SS/(mgL-1)1.33～43.30.7～8.00.7～7.30.07～1.2987.2～94315～4316(13.0)(1.72)(2.9)(0.22)(203)(641)3.00～33.00.7～12.30.4～7.00.02～0.9015.4～71740～3044(9.64)(3.15)(1.7)(0.10)(126)(509)8.2～94.00.9～12.80.5～8.00.01～1.39124.7～57830～2314(18.6)(4.29)(2.9)(0.17)(254)(878)15.8～55.31.2～14.51.0～8.80.01～0.4660.8～1479120～7854(25.0)(4.76)(3.6)(0.10)(321)(2138)1.52～27.31.3～6.00.04～3.70.01～0.237.2～1226～302(5.3)(2.9)(0.5)(0.05)(58.5)(60)　　:　　,.,,.TN94.0mgL-1.,TP,8.8mgL-1、3.6mgL-1,《》22、9.,.2　Fig.2　Percentofparticlesubstanceintotalsubstance3.3　污染物输出形态2(PN)(PP)EMC、.2,,,89.2%.,80%,64.1%,,,,,.,7.31%,3.34%.2～3,,.,.3.4关键源区3EMC5,.,EMC.,.2TN、TPEMC,TN:;TP:.、、2,3.,、、.SSEMCEMC6、10、30,SSEMC2、4、11(Westerlundetal.,2003;Choeetal.,2002).1065　　　　　　　　　　263(EMC)(L)Table3EMCandUPLRsofstorm-waterinstudiedcatchmentsTNEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)DNEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)TPEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)DPEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)CODEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)SSEMC/(mgL-1)L/(kghm-2a-1)14.045.41.44.53.812.30.190.622267361227398610.020.71.83.81.83.80.110.241282661184246322.71653.525.03.122.50.141.0330422161177857124.557.24.19.74.19.50.140.32422987315173748.186.92.931.21.010.40.070.76566029810613.5　径流污染负荷UPLRs3.DN,UPLRs,TN、DN、TP、DP、COD、SS165.0、22.5、1.03、2216、8571kghm-2a-1,.UPLRs,CODSS987kghm-2a-17374kghm-2a-1,.UPLRs(Barrettetal.,1998;Novotnyetal.,1994),.,,TNUPLRs86.9kghm-2a-1,.,.1,.,,,,,.TNEMC,,UPLRs165.0kghm-2a-1,57.2kghm-2a-13.TPEMC,5,UPLRs3.,,,.4　(Conclusions)1),,,、.2),CODSS1479mgL-17854mgL-1.3),SS.References:AmericanPublicHealthAssociation/AmericanWaterWorksAssociation/WaterEnvironmentFederation.1985.StandardMethodsfortheExaminationofWaterandWastewater(18thedn.)[M].WashingtonDC:APHABaoQS,WangHD,MaoXQ.1995.Progressofresearchonaquaticenvironmentalnonpointsourcepollutioninchina[J].AdvancesinEnvironmentalScience,3(3):31—36(inChinese)BarrettME,IrishLB,MalinaJF,etal.1998.CharacterizationofHighwayRunoffinAustin,Texas,Area[J].JofEnvironmentalEngineering,124(2):131—137ChoeJS,BangKW,LeeJH.2002.Characterizationofsurfacerunoffinurbanareas[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,45(9):249—254JinXC,TuQY.1999.Investigationcriterionoflakeeutrophication(2ndedition)[M].Beijing:ChinaEnvironmentalSciencePress(inChinese)LeeJH,BangKW,KetchumLH,etal.2002.Firstflushanalysisofurbanstormrunoff[J].TheScienceofTheTotalEnvironment,293