城市污泥对作物种子发芽及幼苗生长影响的初步研究

3O.C.Gaston(,510642),,73%,85%,(93%).,(75%),(90%),(85%)...,.,..Apreliminarystudyontheeffectofmunicipalsludgeoncropseedgerminationandseedlinggrowth.MoCehui,WuQitang,ZhouYoupingandO.C.Gaston(CollegeofResourcesandEn2vironment,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,1997,8(6):645649.StudiesontheeffectofdifferentmunicipalsludgesonseedgerminationandseedlinggrowthofIpomoeaaquaticaandBrassicaparachinensisshowthattheoriginalsludgesfromShenzhenandFoshanandtheoriginalsludgeanditscompostfromGuangzhouwereobservedtobeinhibitorytothegerminationofI.aquatica,butameliorativetothatofB.parachinensisseed.ThesamesludgesandcompostwerefoundtobeinhibitoryorevenharmfultotheseedlinggrowthofbothI.aquaticaandB.parachinensis.Organicacidsandaldehydesinthesludgesandcompostwerethemajorcompoundsinhibitorytotheseedgerminationandseedlinggrowth.Digestionandcompostingcoulddegradetheseorganicmatters,andhence,attenuateoreliminatethein2hibitoryeffectoforiginalsludges,whichcanbeusedasapracticalwayofthesaferagriculturalapplicationofsludges.Immediatedisseminationofcropseedstonewly2sludge2fertilizedlandisnotrecommendable.KeywordsMunicipalsludge,Seedgermination,Seedlinggrowth,Ipomoeaaquatica,Bras2sicaparachinensis.3([1996]4)([1996]6)(OGL-9607).1997721,929.1,,,,.,.40%,52%.19971286CHINESEJOURNALOFAPPLIEDECOLOGY,Dec.1997,8(6)645649.,,20.,NPK,.,.,.22.1(),(++),..1.(Ipomoeaaquatica)60(Brassicaparachi2nensis),.1(mgkg-1)Table1Physicalandchemicalpropertiesofexperimentalsoil,originalmunicipalsludgesandcompostedsludgesSoilOrganicmatter(gkg-1)29.14303.77162.90203.11214.50600.38261.70290.32NTotalN(gkg-1)1.4124.9817.5622.3617.2336.9719.8729.60PTotalP(gkg-1)1.1811.6625.6334.6120.9217.6712.1818.37KTotalK(gkg-1)17.9416.0521.5212.3610.28NAvailableN65.302316.942077.002470.072154.282449.422325.872541.56PAvailableP89.511545.161371.931766.591448.94989.34522.662356.14KAvailableK108.484549.041282.645033.417390.34899.36396.284915.91Cu19.952291.222515.301529.051718.981529.141273.21636.96Zn95.022138.012475.251886.081945.08ndnd19.51Pb82.51210.00223.3048.01Cr1151.30195.0280.00139.02Cd1.322.372.439.37Hg2.953.67.SludgesfromGuangzhou,.Compostedsludges,.Sludgesandcowdung,.Sludgesandricestems,.SludgesfromShenzhen,.DigestedsludgesfromShenzhen,.SludgesfromFoshan.nd:Nodetection.Thesamebelow.2.22.2.1,20,1g,8cm,10ml(10:1),.,.8,(,)(,)+(,)+(,)(,)(,)(,).3.2.2.2,.,0.1%HgCl2,,.3min,,,3.,3070,.,.2328.199757,1997516,.3,.([1]),.6468.59518,(3d,2d,).33.12,3(59),:.,87%.,(80%),,,.45,,.,3.90%,.3,85%.,80%.,,,.,.,,2(%)Table2GerminationrateofIpomoeaaquaticaseedindifferenttreatments(%)DateDeionizationwaterSoil5.990.00a87.78a72.22b81.11ab62.22bc70.00bc60.00c81.11ab55.55d(5.77)(8.39)(1.92)(1.92)(6.94)(3.33)(8.82)(6.94)(6.94)5.1093.33a93.33a81.11abc85.56ab74.44bc81.11abc71.11bc86.67ab68.89c(3.34)(3.34)(7.70)(1.93)(5.09)(6.94)(12.62)(6.67)(13.48)5.1194.44a93.33ab86.67ab88.89ab82.22bc84.45abc73.33c86.67ab82.22bc(1.93)(3.34)(3.34)(3.85)(5.09)(3.85)(14.53)(6.67)(6.94)(p=0.05);.Figureswiththesameletterarenotsignificantlydifference(p=0.05);Figuresinbracketsarestandarddeviation.Thesamebelow..3,3(518),,:.,61.9%,80%,,.4,,.,75.71%.3(%)Table3GerminationrateofBrassicaparachinensisseedindifferenttreatments(%)DateDeionizationwaterSoil5.1884.76a83.34a88.09a90.00a89.05a85.71a61.90b86.19a85.71a(5.02)(1.65)(2.18)(1.43)(4.36)(3.79)(9.52)(4.12)(3.78)5.1985.24b85.72b90.48ab90.00ab92.38a91.43ab75.71c89.52ab88.57ab(5.77)(3.77)(2.98)(1.43)(0.38)(6.23)(4.29)(3.30)(1.43)7466:85%.,.,,,,.,,,.,,();,,.,.,.,.,,..,(5:1)EC252mScm-1,0.1%..,(EC25=0.68mScm-1)(EC25=0.45mScm-1),..,Cu,,.,,.,,.,,,[1].GC/MS,,,.,,..,,[2].,,.,,,().3.2()(45).3(59),,11.5cm,,,11.5cm,,.4,..,,2.53cm,,2cm,,1cm;,84684(cm)Table4GrowthsituationofIpomoeaaquaticaseedlingindifferenttreatments(cm)DateDeionizationwaterSoil5.911.511.511.511.511.511.511.55.101.5222.50.52.5120.530.531.52.50.510.515(cm)Table5GrowthsituationofBrassicaparachinensisseedlingindifferenttreatments(cm)DateParameterDeionizationwaterSoil5.180.81.00.80.50.510.50.90.90.20.40.7Stemlength0.51.3120.20.50.20.50.50.70.50.70.50.70.10.20.20.5RootlengthRoothair5.191.22.01.62.91.83.11.52.52.53.52.53.61.72.00.51.01.01.5Stemlength1.82.83.54.51.51.80.70.81.21.81.01.21.01.20.20.50.20.5RootlengthRoothairGrowing0.53cm.,.,,.,(5).3(518),,.,,.,.4,,,,.3.,3,..1,NPK,,.,,.1().1988..:,221253.2.1980..:,135137.9466: