电力系统运行可靠性的在线控制研究

I摘要随着电力系统自动化的迅速发展，电力系统规模的不断扩大，以及用户对电能质量的要求越来越高，电力系统的可靠性就显得尤为重要，研究如何通过调度控制来规避电力系统运行的风险、提高电力系统的运行可靠性具有重要的意义。因此本文在常规的离线评估可靠性基础之上，提出运行可靠性在线控制的模型和算法。通过对电力系统运行中一些参量的在线检测和控制，实现系统运行可靠性的在线控制。在整个在线控制过程中需要从以下内容着手：首先阐述运行可靠性在线控制的基础与功能定位，确立研究内容的重点和核心；然后提出短期运行可靠性评估的指标和算法，在此基础上建立运行可靠性控制的数学模型，该模型以控制代价最小为目标函数，以发电机出力调整量和节点切负荷量为控制变量，以运行可靠性指标准则为约束条件。采用比例微分积分（PID）控制系统，运用改进的粒子群（POS）智能优化算法实时调整控制器的控制系数；最后通过对IEEERTS-79测试系统的分析，验证可靠性在线控制模型和算法的有效性。关键词：运行可靠性；在线控制；电力系统；比例微分积分；粒子群算法IIABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofpowersystemautomation,theexpandingofthepowersystem,andthepowerqualitythatusersdemandisincreasing,thepowersystemreliabilityisparticularimportant,theresearchonhowtoavoidpowersystem’soperationalrisksandenhanceitsoperationalreliabilitythroughcontrolsfromthedispatchingcentreisofgreatsignificance.Sothemodelandcorrespondingalgorithmoftheoperationalreliabilityon-linecontrolthatbaseonthereliabilityofconventionaloff-lineassessmentwillbeproposed.Toachievethereliabilityofonlinecontrol,wemustdetectandcontrolsomeparameterson-lineinthepowersystemoperation.Inthecontrolprocessneedtostartfromthefollowingthat.Thefundamentalfunctionoftheoperationalreliabilityon-linecontrolthatisthecorecontentisinterpretedatthebeginningofthepaper.Theindicesandalgorithmoftheshort-termoperationalreliabilityareproposedasthebasisoftheoperationalreliabilitycontrol.Andthenthemathematicalmodeloftheoperationalreliabilitycontrolisdeveloped,inwhichtheobjectivefunctionisminimizingthecostofthecontrol,thecontrolvariablesarepowerinjectionsandloadcurtailments,theconstraintsareoperationalreliabilitycriteria.Usingproportionaldifferentialintegralcontrolsystemandimprovedparticleswarmoptimization(PSO)algorithmforintelligentreal-timerefreshcontrolcoefficient.Finally,throughtheanalysisofIEEERTS-79testsystemtoverifyreliabilityon-linecontrolmodelandalgorithm.KEYWORDS:operationalreliability;on-linecontrol;powersystem;particleswarmoptimization;proportionalintegralderivative;probabilisticriskIII目录1绪论...................................................................................................................................11.1可靠性定义............................................................................................................11.2可靠性在线控制研究背景及发展现状................................................................11.2.1可靠性在线控制的背景.............................................................................11.2.2国内外发展现状.........................................................................................21.3研究目的及意义....................................................................................................31.4主要工作................................................................................................................32运行可靠性在线控制的模型及算法...............................................................................52.1运行可靠性在线控制的基础与功能定位.............................................................52.2短期运行可靠性评估模型和指标及算法............................................................62.2.1元件可靠性指标.........................................................................................62.2.2短期运行可靠性指标.................................................................................62.2.3短期运行可靠性评估.................................................................................72.3运行可靠性模型....................................................................................................83基于改进粒子群整定PID控制系数的算法实现.........................................................103.1常规PID控制......................................................................................................103.1.1PID控制基本原理.....................................................................................103.1.2PID控制器参数整定方法.........................................................................113.2基本粒子群优化算法..........................................................................................123.2.1粒子群算法的原理...................................................................................123.2.2粒子群算法描述.......................................................................................123.3改进粒子群优化算法...........................................................................................133.3.1惯性权重的非线性递减...........................................................................133.3.2遗传算子操作的实现...............................................................................143.4改进粒子群算法整定PID参数..........................................................................153.4.1评价函数...................................................................................................153.4.2优化算法实现流程...................................................................................164算例仿真分析.................................................................................................................174.1短期运行可靠性评估..........................................................................................17IV4.2运行可靠性控制策略..........................................................................................185结论........