赤潮的生物毒性评价初步研究生物毒性测试方法在一次胶州湾赤潮中的应用

203Vol.20,No.320018MARINEENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEAug,2001颜天,谭志军,李钧,张永山,于仁诚,王云峰,周名江(,266071):20000725~30,10km2,2000072627,(Neomysisawatschensis),(Artemiasalina)ICR,:f/2,24h83%73%,STX0.87~1.8g/L,,,,:;;;;:X174;X55:A:10076336(2001)03000504ApreliminarystudyontoxicityevaluationofHABusingbioassaySomebioassaymethodsusedinanHABeventinJiaozhouBayYANTian,TANZhijun,LIJun,ZHANGYongshan,YURencheng,WANGYunfeng,ZHOUMingjiang(InstituteofOceanology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Qingdao266071,China)Abstract:DuringanHABevent(about10km2)whichoccurredinJiaozhouBayofQingdaofromthe25thtothe30thJuly2000,collectionofthebloomseawateronthe26thand27threspectively,andevaluationofitstoxicityusingbioassayweremade.Threestandardexperimentorganisms:Neomysisawatschensis,Artemiasalinaandmousewereusedastestanimals.Theresultsshowedthatboththebloomseawatercollectedinsituandthealgaeculturedinf/2mediuminlaboratoryhadacutetoxiceffectsonArtemiasalina.At24h,thesurvivalratesofArtemiawere83and73%,respectively.TheirtoxicitytomousewereinarangeofequivalenttoSTX0.87~1.8g/L.WhileNeomysisawatschensiswasnotapparentlyaffected.Densityandcompositionofalgalspeciesinbloomseawaterwereanalyzed,andthesourceandmechanismofthetoxicitywerediscussed.SuggestiontoapplythesebioassaymethodsinthetoxicityassessmentofHABeventsandreportanyoftheresultstorelativeauthoritiesasindiscerptiblepartofanHABreportweremade.Keywords:harmfulalgalbloom;toxicitybioassay;Neomysisawatschensis;Artemiasalina;mouse[1],,,,,,,ICR,:20001110,:20010117:(KZCX2206);(49576301,49906007,39790110,39950001):(1969),,,,,11.120000726(1),!(GB12763.6-91),3L,,20mL600mLf/2,2000072710L,1L,,,500mL0.45m(WhatmanGF/C),-20∀,f/27d,500mL1(20000726~27)Fig.1AreaofanHABeventinJiaozhouBay(20000726~27)andsamplingsite1.21L,2mL,0.5mL,,1.3(Neomysisawatschensis),3~5d5~7mm:100%20%,(,,)1000mL,1023∀,33.0,24h,61224h1.4(Artemiasalina)1999,80%,25∀,2dARTOX[1],6#424,,1mL,10Cerataulinapelagica100%f/27d,24h,6h,12h24h1.5(ICR)[2],3mL0.1mol/LHCl90∀5min,8#10s,10min(1r/min),1mL,0.1mol/LHCl,0.147g/mL0.294g/mLSTX(NationalResearchCouncil,Canada)22.120000725~30,,10km2(1),7271,,,620[3],2.22,,100%24h727,,1cm,2.33,,100%1Tab.1SpeciesanddensityofHABseawater/L-1/L-1Chlorellasp42000Cyclotellameneghiniana80Coscinodiscuswailesii160Eucampiazoodiacus8960C.perforatusV.pavillard80Streptothecathamesis80Actinocyclusehrenbergii10240Bacillariaparadoxa160Skeletonemacostatum9920Nitzschia.sp80Rhizosoleniadelicatula5120Scrippsiellatrochoidea160Isochrysisgalbana1360Biddulphiaregia1600Chaetocerosdebilis880Dictyochafibuta80C.abnormis320Prorocentrummicans240C.spp480Protoperidiniumconicum80C.constrictus240Peridinium.sp80C.teres320Ceratiumtripos80C.curvisetus1120840002Fig.2EffectofHABseawateronthesurvivalofNeomysisawatschensis3(P0.05)Fig.3EffectofHABseawateronthesurvivalofArtemiasalinaC.P.:Cerataulinapelagicaf/224h,83%73%,Cerataulinapelagica100%2.4STX2,,500mL3mLHCl,STX0.87~1.8g/mL,PSP,,DSPPSP,,73:2Tab.2Toxiceffectsofalgalextractionsonmouse(STXg/mL)1min,,4min,1.5h0.147~0.294f/240s,,30min,3h40min0.147~0.2940.1mol/LHCl,STX0.294g/mL9.5minSTX0.147g/mL15h,,,,f/2,,,,,1,:,,,,,,[4~7],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,()3200007,,,致谢:承蒙张波工程师在采样过程中的协助,在此谨致谢意(50)8205(#10-6)Tab.5PollutantconcentrationandpollutionindexoflivingbodyatintertidalzoneHg0.0040.0130.0070.0780.010.060.02Cu1.0013.11.7815.80.050.130.02Pb0.240.050.150.500.120.020.02Zn13.635.711.96410.340.240.05Cd0.170.610.251.120.280.310.040.0460.0370.0390.0360.020.040.02DDT0.0210.0300.0320.0230.020.300.16P0.120.160.05;,INPO3-4P,INPO3-4P,(2),CuPbZn,,77%,,Cu(3),,,,:[1].[Z].:,1995.[2]!.[M].:,1989.(8):[1]HALLEGRAEFFGM.Harmfulalgalbloom:Aglobaloverview[A].HALLEGRAEFFGM,ANDERSONDM,CEMBELLAAD,etal.ManualonHarmfulMarineMicroalgae[C].Paris:IOCManualsandGuidesUNESCO,1995.33.[2]HELLRICHKOfficialMethodsofAnalysis(15thedi,sec959.08)[C].Arlington:AssociationofOfficialMethodsofAnalyticalChemists.1990.881882.[3].[A]..[C].:,1992.248287.[4]TESTERPA,HANSENPJ.Interactionsbetweentoxicmarinephytoplanktonandmetazoanandprotistangrazers[A].ANDERSONDM,CEMBELLAAD,HALLEGRAEFFGM.PhysiologicalEcologyofHarmfulAlgalBlooms[C].Germany:SpringerVerlagBerlinHeidelberg,1998,453474.[5]BRICELJVM,SHUMWAYSE.ParalyticshellfishtoxinsinbivalveMolluscs:Occurrence,transferkinetics,andbiotransformation[J].ReviewsinFisheriesScience,1998,6(4):315383.[6]JENKINSONIR,ARZULG.Effectoftheflagellates,Gymnodiniummikimotol,HeterosigmaakashiwoandPavlovalutheri,onflowthroughfishgills[A].REGURAB,BLANCOJ,FERNANDEZM,etal.HarmfulAlgae[C].Paris:XundadeGaliciaandIntergovernmentalOceangraphicCommissionofUNESCO,1998.425428.[7],,,.[J].,2000,24(3):811.5020