赤泥脱除废水中重金属离子的研究孙道兴

··＊1,2(1.,266042;2.)　　　:,。、。,、、、、,Freundlich,,pH。2.0g/L,、、90%,94%,85%。。　　:;;;　　:TQ09　　:A　　:1006-4990(2008)08-0047-03StudyonremovalofheavymetalionsinwastewaterbyredmudSunDaoxing1,WangFuqin2(1.SchoolofEnvironmentandSafety,QingdaoUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Qingdao266042,China;2.ModernEducationTechnicalCenter,ShandongUniversityofArchitecture)　　Abstract:Fortheremovalofenvironmentallyhazardousheavymetalsinwastewater,theremainedredmudafterthestrongalkalileachingaluminafrombauxitewasusedasadsorptionagent.Redmudhashighspecificsurfaceareaandporos-ityandbetteradsorptionproperties.ExperimentresultsshowedthatthelogarithmadsorptionisothermsofredmudtoPb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+andNi2+wereallsimilartoastraightline,whichwerebasicallyinaccordwithFreundlichformula,andtheadsorptionwouldbeabletoreachequilibriumquicklyatroomtemperature,whichdidnotneedtemperatureandpHreg-ulation.Whentheaddingdosageofredmudwas2.0g/L,theadsorptionrateofPb2+,Cr3+andCd2+reachedover90%,94%and85%,respectively.Theadsorptionrateofredmudtoheavymetalionswilldecreasealongwiththerisingofthein-itialmassconcentrationofheavymetalionsinwastewater.　　Keywords:redmud;heavymetalion;adsorptioneffect;wastewater　　,,。,1t1.3t。,6000t。,、,,。,(α-Fe2O3)、(α-FeOOH)、[Ca3AlFe(SiO4)(OH)8]、(Al2O3·＊:,:ZRB01682。H2O)、(Na2O·Al2O3·1.68SiO2·1.73H2O)、(CaTiO3)、[Ca(OH)2](CaCO3),[1]。,、。。1　1.1　　　:TAS-986();　　:、、、47第40卷第8期2008年8月　　　　　　　　无机盐工业INORGANICCHEMICALSINDUSTRY　　　　　　、,。1.2　　　Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+100℃,pH,,。TAS-986Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,(η)(q):η=(1-ρV/ρ0V0)×100%q=(ρ0V0-ρV)/m:V0V(L);ρ0ρ(mg/L);m(g)。2　2.1　　　20mL27mg/LPb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,。NaOHHNO3pH3,5,7,9,2.0g/L。1h,1h,pH,1。1:Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+pH。pH,,。,H+,,,。pH7～9,Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,。,pH,,pH8～9。1　pHmg/gpHq(Ni2+)q(Zn2+)q(Cd2+)q(Cr3+)q(Pb2+)3.04.66.46.77.37.15.05.47.37.88.48.17.16.28.38.79.69.59.16.68.68.99.79.62.2　　　,20mL27mg/LPb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0g/L。1h,2h,,1。1:Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,。2.0g/L,Pb2+90%,Cr3+94%,Cd2+Zn2+85%,Ni2+,66.89%。,(GB8978—1996)。,。　　:Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+0.26,0.24,0.23,0.290.20mg/g。2.3　　　20mL5,10,15,20,40,60mg/LPb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,2.0g/L,1h,2h,。2。2:Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+。30mg/L,。,。,1　　　2　,20～30mg/L。2.4　100℃200℃2h,。20mLPb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+20,40mg/L2,。5.0g/L,1h,2h。48　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　无机盐工业　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第40卷第8期,23。23:100℃200℃,Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+。,200℃。2　20mg/Lη(Pb2+)/%η(Cd2+)/%η(Cr3+)/%η(Zn2+)/%η(Ni2+)/%100℃94.5293.7695.9888.0167.47200℃95.6594.1796.1388.5667.913　40mg/Lη(Pb2+)/%η(Cd2+)/%η(Cr3+)/%η(Zn2+)/%η(Ni2+)/%100℃80.8979.5187.9877.0160.12200℃81.2679.8888.3177.6360.892.5　　　,Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,Freundlich,,4。4,Pb2+,Cd2+,4　FreundlichR2Pb2+y=0.6390x+0.94650.9982Cd2+y=0.6338x+0.94270.9078Cr3+y=0.3704x+0.87790.8596Zn2+y=0.7398x+0.77770.9883Ni2+y=0.9161x+0.07690.9999Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+。,。3　　　1)Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,Freundlich,,pH。2)Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+。2.0g/L,Pb2+90%,Cr3+94%,Cd2+Zn2+85%,Ni2+,67%。3):Pb2+,Cd2+,Cr3+,Zn2+,Ni2+,,。4),,。:[1]　,,.[J].,2005,25(2):245-247.:2008-05-10:(1964—　),,,,,70。:[e-mail](上接第34页)。,,pH=7,ZnZn2+,ZnO75%;pH=8,ZnZn(OH)+,ZnO85%;pH=8～10,ZnZn(OH)2,ZnO85%;pH=11,ZnZn(OH)2Zn(OH)-3,ZnO90%;pH=12,ZnZn(OH)-3,ZnO95%;pH=13,ZnZn(OH)-3Zn(OH)2-4,ZnO100%;pH=14,ZnZn(OH)2-4,ZnO90%。:[1]　,,,.ZnO[J].,2003,20(5):265-267.[2]　,,.[J].,2007,39(7):18-19.[3]　,,,.ZnO[J].(),2004,28(5):488-490.:2008-06-11:(1963—),,,。::[e-mail]492008年8月　　　　　　　　　孙道兴等:赤泥脱除废水中重金属离子的研究