除臭菌剂在家禽粪便无害化处理中的效果研究

3211()Vol.32No.11200411Jour.ofNorthwestSci2TechUniv.ofAgri.andFor.(Nat.Sci.Ed.)Nov.2004X1,1,1,1,2(1,712100;2,727000)[],,Ë20d,010d21%46%,,;6010d,NH+42NËÊÉ(CK),(35d)NO-32NË,0.137gökg,,,18.6%,14.6%,15.6%9.4%,[];;;[]S147.4[]A[]167129387(2004)1120059206,,,2,,,,[13],,,[4],,,,NH+42N,[5],[6],,[7,8],[9,10],,,,,,11.11.1.1[11,12];[13]1.1.2;;;11Table1ThebasiccompositionofexperimentationmaterialsMaterialsö%Moisturecontentö(gkg-1)Nitrogenö(gkg-1)CarbonCompareofcarbontonitrogenChickenmanure72.332.6218.46.7Wheatstraw10.56.27453.372.3[]2004205213[](2001K012G15202,2002K042G11);(02EFN21601195)[](1956-),,,,1.21.2.1,,1,3,5,7,10,15d,,6,6,,1.2.2(1),100cm,150cm(2)3:É(CK)+;Ê++;Ë++;3CöN,CöN3165%(3),1.2.3(1)3,5,7,10,15,20,25,30,35150cm(2)6[14,15],Ms0:;Msl:;Ms2:;Ms3:;Ms4:;Ms5:(3)GS23,,[16],[17](4)TDR2211h50cm(5);;;(6);pHpH;NH+42N;NO-32N[18];22.12.1.11,Ë5,15,Ê20d,É(CK),7,35d;ËÊÉ(CK)520d;ËMs4ÊÉ(CK)313d,2.1.2[19]2,,,Ë03d,ÊÉ(CK)05dÉ(CK)ÊË[20],,015d,,Ë06()32010dÊÉ(CK)21%46%,2.1.3H2S,,10dH2S[20]3,ËÊÉ(CK)H2S,ËÊÉ(CK),010dËH2S,,ËH2S2.22.2.14,Ë360,Ê4560,ËÊÉ(CK)ÊË1.5,Ë60Ê4d[21],3d60,,,Ë10d60,2Table2Thequantityofdifferentkindsofmicrobesatdifferenttimeg-1ödSamplingtimeQuantityofbacteriaQuantityofactinomyceteQuantityoffungiÉÊËÉÊËÉÊË11.6210106.7610104.1610104.361078.311077.411072.081083.461082.4510831.2310112.5110115.3710114.781071.411081.731084.071081.141091.4710952.6910105.7510108.7010101.681082.181084.461081.811082.571087.2410871.621092.0810104.5710102.081083.631085.121086.911071.231082.52108107.241084.781091.691091.281082.881083.311089.331063.711071.12108154.591082.631091.281091.091081.311082.391081.311071.621067.76106202.691081.171091.121091.411081.251081.711081.201072.291066.91106251.871086.641091.731091.341081.901081.511086.911068.701064.46106305.881077.241091.811093.631078.71071.231085.241061.281078.70106351.071071.691093.631092.061077.071071.071081.441071.631071.511072.2.22,3,,,3d,,(315d),,,,,1611:,,,,[22]Ë,,;,,ËÉ(CK)Ê,2.2.3pH5,3pH,,,,pH,,,pH,3pH6.47.1[23],pH78,,pH68.5ËÊpH,ËpHÊÉ(CK),2.2.4,NH+42NNH+42NNO-32N,NH+42NpH7N,NH+42N,[5]6,7,NH+42N03d,,NH+42NNO-32N,NO-32N,NO-32NN2,,NO-32N,3dNH+42N,NH3,NH+42NËÊÉ(CK),Ë(35d)NO-32NË,0.137gökg,Ê,É(CK),Ë7NO-32N--.É(CK);--.Ê;--.ËFig.7VariationofNO-32Ncontentatdifferenttime--.CK;--.TreatmentÊ;--.TreatmentË2.32.3.13,3,Ë,18.6%14.6%;Ê,26()3216.2%13.2%;É(CK),3Ê,Ë,É(CK),ÊËÉ(CK),Ë3Table3ThevariationofnutrientsaftercompostingTreatmentOrganicmatetialTotalnitrogenö(gkg-1)Beforecompostö(gkg-1)Aftercompostö%Variationö(gkg-1)Beforecompostö(gkg-1)Aftercompostö%VariationÉ496.3564.3+13.7aA23.426.0+11.3aAÊ484.7563.2+16.2bB23.826.9+13.2bBË487.2577.8+18.6cC23.627.0+14.6cCTreatment(P2O5)Totalphosphorus(K2O)Totalpotassiumö(gkg-1)Beforecompostö(gkg-1)Aftercompostö%Variationö(gkg-1)Beforecompostö(gkg-1)Aftercompostö%VariationÉ18.320.5+12.1aA9.310.1+8.7aAÊ18.922.0+16.4bA9.510.4+10.1bAË18.721.6+15.6bB9.19.9+9.4bB:LSD0.010.05Note:Meansfollowedbythedifferentcapitalandsmalllettersaresignificantlydifferentat0.01level(LSD)and0.05level(LSD)respec2tively.2.3.24,,,520d,ÊË15d,g863218,[24],Ë,,g30,4gTable4QuantityofcoliformfloraatdifferentstageTreatmentQuantityofcoliformflora1h3h5h10h15h20h25h30h35hÉ7.211056.521057.561044.421049.351031.221034.081023.471021.43102Ê8.051057.231052.321041.081048.631021.731021.071028.31015.6101Ë7.431056.311051.831049.121032.181021.421029.81014.71013.01013(1)Ë,É(CK)20d,Ms4ÊÉ(CK)313dË010dÊÉ(CK)21%46%,(2)ÊË[23],ËÊ(Ë60Ê4d);ËNH+42N,NO-32N,Ë,ÊÉ(CK),É(CK)(3),,[5][23],3611:[][1],,,.[J].,2000,22():136-139.[2],.[J].,1996,1(5):79-83.[3],,.[J].,2001,2(4):159-165.[4],,,.[M].:,1990.259-291.[5],.EM[J].,1995,11(4):54-56.[6]KowalchukGA,NaoumenkoZS,DerikxPJL,etal.Molecularanalysisofammonia2oxidizingbacteriaofthebetasubdivisionoftheclassProteobacteriaincompostandcompostedmaterials[J].AppliedEnvironmentalMicrobiology,1999,65(2):396-403.[7],,.[J].,1999,9(2):37-40.[8],,,.[J].,2000,16(1):41-43.[9]TamNFY.[J].,.,1991,30(4):39-41.[10],,,.[J].,1999,1(1):15-17.[11].[M].:,1985.44-48.[12].[M].:,1991.79-85.[13],.()[J].,1978,14(1):71-77.[14],.[J].,2003,16(1):4-6.[15].[M].:,1988.81-85.[16].[M].:,1981.28-52.[17].[M].:,1989.184-211.[18]TiquiaSM,TamNFY,HodgkissIJ.Changesinchemicalpropertiesduringcompostingofspentpiglitteratdifferentmoisturecontents[J].AgricultureEcologyandEnvironment,1998,67:79-89.[19],,.[J].,184:67-81.[20],.[J].,2002,21(9):571-573.[21],.[J].,1998,17(2):71-73.[22],,.[J].,2002,19(2):57-59.[23].[J].,1996,2(4):45-46.[24]GB7959-87,[S].StudyontheeffectsofdeodorizingmicroorganismonpoultrymanurecompostingGAOHua1,QINQing-jun1,GUJie1,LIMing-lei1,ZHANGYa-jian2(1CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China;2InstituteofAgriculturalSciencesofTongchuan,Tongchuan,Shaanxi727000,China)Abstract:Themixedstrainswhichwereseparatedbyourselveswereusedasdeodorizingmicroorgan2ismforthisexperimentofchickenmanurecomposting.Theresultsshowedthattheinjectionofdeodorizingmicroorganismcouldeliminateodourearlierthancheckpsfor20days,andduring0-10days,therewasanaverageconcentrationofammonia21%and46%lowerthantheinjectiono