处理难生物降解有机物的厌氧颗粒污泥形成的技术进展刘雅巍

　　　　　　　　　　10　4　200412JournalofTianjinInstituteofUrbanConstruction　Vol.10　No.4　Dec.2004刘雅巍,张春青,池勇志(,300384)　　　　　　　　:为了加快以上流式厌氧污泥床(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,简称UASB)为代表的无载体厌氧反应器处理含难生物降解有机物废水的启动速度,综述了影响厌氧颗粒污泥形成的因素.此外,为了高效、快速地降解废水中的难生物降解有机物,建议向厌氧反应器中投加优势菌,以进一步提高厌氧反应器降解废水中难生物降解有机物的效率和速度.　　:;;;:X172　　　:A　　　:1006-6853(2004)04-0263-03　　,、,,.,,(UASB)、(EGSB)(IC).　　UASB,:①,2～3,1[1];②,.,、.,.1　1.1　　　,C∶N∶P200∶5∶1,.、、,[2].1.2　　　(COD),0.3kgCOD/(kgVSS·d),(),.0.6kgCOD/(kgVSS·d),,,COD0.6kgCOD/(kgVSS·d),[2].1.3　　　UASB,,,(SelectionPressure).().,,.:2004-09-15　　　:(20031003)　　　:(1980-),,,.,,,.,,.Ritta2.5～3.0m/d,UASB[3].1.4　　　:;.pH(pH),.,,SMA(SpecificMethanogenicActivity,);,SMA.,(pH8.2,),;,SMA[4].1.5　　　,,1/4～1/3,[5].1.6　　　(20℃)、(35℃)、(55℃).,,,.,pH(6.8～7.6)[5].2　　　UASB,.“”,,,,、.、,、.　　、、、,.———,,.3　3.1　　　,、,、[6].　　[6],32d,COD470.3mg/L255.5mg/L,COD83.691.1,BOD5.3.2　　　———,[5].3.2.1　投加无机絮凝剂或高聚物　　[7]UASB,,7d、4.　　TsuyoshiImai[8],(waterabsorbingpolymer)(VFA)UASB,:750mg/L,70d,,.　　YuH.Q.[9]UASB,(Al3+300mg/L),UASB1,UASB10.　　RandallA.Wirtz[10](ASBR),,ASBR75.　　S.Uyanik[11]·264·　　2004　10　4　(KymeneSLK-2)(ABR).,ABRABR,3,.3.2.2　投加细微颗粒物　　[12]UASB,3～61.3.2.3　投加金属离子　　YuH.Q.[13][14]UASB,:(ECP),,,.4　　　　(1),、、、、pH,.　　(2)、,.　　(3),、,、.　　(4).:[1]　,UASB[J],2000,18(2):17-20.[2]　,,,.[M]:,2003.[3]　RITTAHK,JUKKAAR.Performanceofanon-siteUASBreactortreatingleachateatlowtemperature[J].WaterResearch,1998,32(3):537-546.[4]　　,,.UASB[J].,2002,18(8):13-15.[5]　LIUY,XUHL,YANGSF,etal.Mechanismsandmodelsforanaerobicgranulationinupflowanaerobicsludgeblanketreactor[J].WaterResearch,2003,37:661-673.[6]　,,,.[J].,2003,30(3):56-59.[7]　,UASB[J],1996,(3):12-14.[8]　ZMAIT,UKITAM,LIUJ,etal.AdvancedstartupofUASBreactorsbyaddingofwaterabsorbingpolymer[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,36(6～7):399-407.[9]　YUHQ,FANGHHP,TAYJH,etal.Enhancedsludgegranulationinupflowanaerobicsludgeblanket(UASB)reactorsbyaluminumchloride[J].Chemosphere,2001,44:31-36.[10]　WIRTZRA,DAGUERR.Laboratorystudiesonenhancementofgranulationintheanaerobicsequencingbatchreactor[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,36(4):279-286.[11]　UYANIKS,SALLISPJ,ANDERSONGK.Theeffectofpolymeradditionongranulationinananaerobicbaffledreactor(ABR)[J].WaterResearch,2002,36:933-943.[12]　　.UASB[J].,1996,12(5):16-19.[13]　YUHQ,TAYJH,FANGHHP.RolesofcalciuminsludgegranulationduringUASBreactorstart-up[J].Wat.Res.,2001,35(4):1052-1061.[14]　,,.UASB[J].,2002,18(6):26-28.(下转第291页)·265·　　　:FEAforclampfittingsofGuangzhousubwaysBIJi-hong,LIUGang,LIULi-na,LIUFeng-tao(SchoolofConstructionEngineering,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin300072,China)Abstract:AccordingtotheprincipleofFEA,severalkindsofoverheadlineclampfittingsunderdifferentloadinelectrificationrailwayareanalyzedbyusingofANSYSprogram,andmaterialnonlinearandstatenonlinearareconsidered.Fromthecalculatingresult,someusefulconclusionsareconcluded,andreasonalizedsuggestionsareproposedintheperiodsofdesign,constructionandapplication.Keywords:finiteelementanalysis(FEA);ANSYS;materialnonlinear;statenonlinear(上接第265页)TechnologyadvanceonanaerobicgranularsludgeculturetotreatrefractorybiodegradableorganiccontaminantLIUYa-wei,ZHANGChun-qing,CHIYong-zhi(DepartmentofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,TIUC,Tianjin,300384,China)Abstract:Toquickenthestart-upspeedoftheanaerobicreactorwithoutcarrier,suchasUASB(upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket),whichwasusedtotreattherefractorybiodegradablewastewater,factorstoaffectthegranularsludgeculturewerereviewed.Furthermore,totreattherefractorybiodegradablewastewatermoreeffectivelyandquickly,theoptimalbacteriaisadvicedtobeusedintheUASBreactor,sotheanaerobicreactorcouldtreatrefractorybiodegradableorganiccontaminantintherefractorybiodegradablewastewatermoreefficientlyandrapidly.Keywords:anaerobicreactor;granularsludge;effectfactor;predominantbacteria·291·　　　: