垂直流人工湿地系统中水流规律的研究付贵萍

:0253-2468(2001)-06-0720-06　　　:X143　　　:A付贵萍1,吴振斌1,任明迅1,贺　锋1,AlexPressl2,ReinhardPerfler2　(1.,　430072;2.,):.,,.,(CSTR).:;;;(CSTR)Studiesonthehydraulicpatternofthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandFUGuiping1,WUZhenbin1,RENMingxun1,HEFeng1,AlexPressl2,ReinhardPerfler2　(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofFreshwaterEcologyandBiotechnology,InstituteofHydrobiology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Wuhan　430072;2.UniversityofAgriculturalSciences,Vienna,Austria)Abstract:Thehydraulicpatternofthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandwasstudiedinthispaper.Theperformanceofthesystemandthedeadspaceinthesubstratewasinvestigatedfirstly.Theactualretentiontimewasdeterminedbythetracerexperiment.Accordingtotheretentiontimedistributioncurveinthevertical-flowconstructedwetland,theactualflowpatternismodeledanditisfoundthattwoidealcontinuouslystirredtankreactors(CSTR)inseriescansimulatetheflowpatternofthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandadequately.Keywords:vertical-flowconstructedwetland;hydraulicpattern;tracer;continuouslystirredtankreactor(CSTR):2000-09-26;:2001-04-25:(39925007);(ERBIC18CT960059):(1970—),,()1　.、、,[1,2].2070,10,、10[3—5].“”、,、[6,7].—.,、.[8,9],[9],.,,,,“”,、.216200111　　　　　ACTASCIENTIAECIRCUMSTANTIAEVol.21,No.6Nov.,2001DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2001.06.0152　2.1　21m×1m×1m,21.、.,150mm、40—80mm,0—4mm,550mm,450mm.100mm,.,.、、,38—41m2,,[10],1　Fig.1　Diagramofverticalflowconstructedwetlandsystem.:70mm(1),,、.0.5%,,,70mmH,..0.2、0.4、0.5、0.8m3(m2·d)4,,.2.2、.2.3(KCl),.,KCl.5min,.ProfilineConductivityMeterLF19FS,MacroDataLogger128K..3　3.1　0.4—0.8m3(m2·d),0.8m3(m2·d),2.84min(1.4h),,5h,3.6h,,7216:2　0.8m3(m2·d)Fig.2　Effluentflowrateunder0.8m3(m2·d)hydraulicloadingrateinverticalflowconstructedwetland,,.Michael,,[9].,,,、,,,,[11—13].,,.,,,V,n:n=VV(1)1　Table1　WaterbalanceandthedeadspaceintheverticalflowconstructedwetlandQ,Ld,L,L,Ln,%20010098980.28724001331261260.35655321771621620.45558002001881880.5248　　,V,0.36,,1—n,1.1200800Ld,,72%48%,45%—65%[14].DarrinBStairs0.55,15%—25%[14].,,“”,,,,,.3.2　、[15],:t=nVQ(2),n,0.36;t,h;V,m3;Q,m3d.800Ld,11h.,、、722　　　　　　　　　　21,,3　(1999-05)Fig.3　Retentiontimedistributioncurveoftracerinoutflowfromverticalflowconstructedwetland.,,[13],,800LdE(t),3.,.E(t)F(t),4.E(t)=dF(t)dt.tm[13]:tm=∫tE(t)dt(3)F(t),50%,21h.,2.4　Fig.4　Sumgraphofadditionalconductivitymultiplyeffluentquantityanddeterminationoftheretentiontime2　Table2　HydraulicretentiontimeunderdifferentflowratesintheverticalflowconstructedwetlandQ,Ld,m3(m2·d)t,ht,h8000.811215320.516324000.422232000.243242200—800Ld20h(0.8d),0.3d,,“”.,、、,.,2,,,,.3.3　,,.,,.N(CSTR),[16]:7236:CN=C0[(tτ)N-1(N-1)!]exp(-tτ)(4),CNt;C0;NCSTR;τCSTR.t1、t2,CN′、CN″,(4):CN′CN″=[(t1τ)N-1exp(-t1τ)][(t2τ)N-1exp(-t2τ)](5)CSTR,,τ,(5),N=2.(4)CSTR:C2C0=(tτ)exp(-tτ)(6)5　0.5m3(m2·d)Fig.5　Tracerresponsecurvesunder0.5m3(m2·d)　hydraulicloadingrateinverticalflowconstructedwetlandandtheidealreactor0.5m3(m2·d),16h,(6)(5),CSTR.[8],,、,,,CSTR,,,.,,CSTR,,.4　1.200—800Ld,3.6h,,,48%—72%.2.,0.2—0.8m3(m2·d)20h,“”,.3.,0.5m3(m2·d)2CSTR,.:、　、、、、、、、、,.:[1]　　,,.[J].,1991,4(5):17—22724　　　　　　　　　　21[2]　,,.[J].,1991,2(4):350—354[3]　HaberlR,PerflerR,MayerH.ConstructedwetlandsinEurope[J].WatSciTech,1995,32(3):305—316[4]　BrownDS,etal.InventoryofconstructedwetlandintheUnitedStates[J].WatSciTech,1994,29(4):309—318[5]　MargaretGreenway.NutrientbioaccumulationinwetlandplantsreceivingmunicipaleffluentinconstructedwetlandsintropicalAus-tralia[A].5thInternationalconferenceonwetlandsystemsforwaterpollutioncontrol[C].15—19Sept.1996.Vienna.ConferencePreprintBook1.1996.Ⅱ1-1—8[6]　,.、、———[J].,1991,9(2):6—10[7]　,.[A].[C].:1993.348—353[8]　.[J].,1991,4(5):8—12[9]　MichaelMorris,RobertHerbert.Thedesignandperformanceofaverticalflowreedbedforthetreatmentofhighammoniallowsus-pendedsolidorganiceffluents[A].5thinternationalconferenceonwetlandsystemsforwaterpollutioncontrol[C].15—19Sept.1996.Vienna.ConferencePreprintBook1,1996.IV2—1—IV2—7[10]　,,.[J].,2000,26(3):177—180[11]　,,,.[J].,2001,25(1):28—35[12]　,,,.[J].,2000,9(2):242—247[13]　,,,.[J].,2001,21(5):622—624[14]　DarrinBStairs,JamesAMoore.Flowcharacteristicsofconstructedwetlands:Tracerstudiesofthehydraulicregime[A].4thInter-nationalConferenceonWetlandSystemsforWaterPollutionControl[C].6—10,Nov.1994.Guangzhou,China.742—751[15]　,.[M].:,1991.242[16]　CP·,C·.[M].:,1989.109—1187256: