等离子体技术及在污染防控中的应用傅建钦

34820098ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEANDMANAGEMENTVol.34No.8Aug.2009:2009-02-19:(1963-),,,,,。:1674-6139(2009)08-0075-04傅建钦1,刘方2(1.,201900;2.,200437)　:等离子体被称为物质的第四态,它具有独特的性质。在一些领域应用等离子技术取得了意想不到的结果。节能减排和污染防控是当前和今后一段时期许多行业面临的突出矛盾。与传统湿法处理相比,用等离子体处理技术对材料表面进行清洗和改性加工,不仅能缩短工艺流程,而且可以避免废水排放。文章从等离子体技术原理出发,对该技术在纺织印染行业前处理,钢铁深加工前除油以及电子元器件清洗加工等应用进行介绍并提出建议。:污染防控;等离子体技术;表面改性和清洗:X22:APlasmasTechnologyandItsApplicationinthePreventionandControlofEnvironmentalPollutionFuJianqin1,LiuFang2(1.ResearchInstituteofBaoshanIronSteelCo.,Ltd.,Shanghai201900,China;2.VocationalandTechnicalSchool,UniversityofShanghaiforScienceandTechnology,Shanghai200437,China)Abstract:Plasmasiscalledthefourthstateofmaterialworld.Ithasmanyuniquecharacteristics.Insomefields,applicationofplasmastechnologyhasledtothesolutiontomanyproblems.InChina,energy-savingandemissionreductionandpollutionpreventionandcontrolisamajorproblemconfrontedbymanyindustriesnowadaysandinthefuture.Comparedwithconventionalsurfaceprocesscleanedinliquid,plasmastechnologiescannotonlyreducetheprocessflowbutalsopreventwastewatereffluentwhenitisusedinsurfacemodificationandwashing.Formtheprincipleofplasmas,applicationofthetechnologyindyeingandprintingpretreatment,steelstripsurfacedegreasebeforecoatingandsuperficialcleaningforelectroniccomponentsisdiscussedinthispaperandsomesuggestionsarealsoputforward.Keywords:pollutionpreventionandcontrol;plasmastechnology;surfacemodificationandcleaning,、。,。、,、,。2060,,、、、、、、,。,21,、,,,。,,。1　1.1　。,、·75·34820098·Vol.34No.8Aug.2009,、,,。,6:O2※O+2+e(1)O2※2O(2)O2+e※O2+e(3)O2+e※O2+hv+e(4)O2+e※2O+e(5)O2+e※O+O++2e(6),。。。。,()。,。,。,。。,。,。1.2　1.1(1)(6),、,(),。,、、()、(),。,。,、、、,,、、,。[1]。,、。,,,。,。1.3　。1.3.1　原子团等自由基的作用,,,,“”。,,,,,,,、。,.,,。-。1.3.2　电子的作用,,。,,,,,。1.3.3　离子的作用。,,,、。。1.3.4　紫外线的作用,,,·76·34820098·Vol.34No.8Aug.2009。()。,,。2　2.1　,,。,。200413.6,(COD)。,,。,,。()、、,,,、,。,,,。,,,、、、,、,。“”,,,。,。2.2　,,,。、。、、,、。,。,、、,,,[2]。,、、、、、,。,,,,,,,。,,,,。[3-4]。,()[5-6]。2.3　,。,、、,,。,,。,。,。0.18μm,。,。,。,、。、、。,,,。2.4　、。,·77·34820098·Vol.34No.8Aug.2009/,20～30,。[7]。He/O2/H2O(),。CF4,UF6PuF6,。3　,。、,,。,。,。。:[1]温贵安,章文贡.等离子体引发聚合及其应用[J].高分子通报,1998(3):83-88.[2]BaravianG,ChaleixD,ChoquetP,etal.Oilremovalfromironsurfacesbyatmospheric-pressurebarrierdischarges[J].SurfaceandCoatingstechnology,1999,115:66-69.[3]KerstenH,SteffenH,BehnkeJF.Investigationsonplasma-assistedsurfacecleaningofaluminumcontaminatedwithlubricants[J].SurfaceandCoatingsTechnology,1996:86-87;762-768.[4]JoachimSchuessler.Environmentalrevolutionincoilcoating[J].ATrendPublication:ModernMetals,2007,11:1-4.[5]TakedaK.Drycleaningofmetalsurfacesbyavacuumarc[J].SurfaceandCoatingsTechnology,2000,131(1-3):234-238.[6]YuyaKubo,SatoruMaezono,etal.Pre-treatmentonmetalsurfaceforplasmaspraywithcathodespotsoflowpressurearc[J].SurfaceCoatingsTechnology,2005,200(1-4):1168-1172.[7]HerrmannHW,HeninsI,ParkJ,etal.Decontami-nationofchemicalandbiologicalwarfare(CBW)agentsusinganatmosphericpressureplasmajet(APPJ)[J].PhysicsofPlas-mas,1999,6(5):2284-2289.(上接第40页)7　ErErErErErRI1.841.5912.921.988.3426.674.781.2113.372.0411.9933.391.731.6818.814.2720.1546.651.361.3310.073.027.5423.311.941.5313.782.7011.1831.143　(1),。(2),,。(3)4。　　(4),1.08,,。“”,,。:[1]周建利,陈同斌.中国城郊菜地土壤和蔬菜重金属污染研究现状与展望[J].湖北农学院学报,2002,22(5):476-480.[2]张甘霖.城市土壤的生态服务功能演变与城市生态环境保护[J].科技导报,2005,23(3):16-19.·78·