低CODNNH4比废水的同时硝化反硝化生物处理策略周少奇

　　:,,1965,1993。。*(980598)、、(98-K-005-01)。低COD/N-NH4比废水的同时硝化反硝化生物处理策略*周少奇(,　510640)　方汉平()　　　,COD/N-NH4、,NO-2。COD/N-NH4。　　　BiotreatmentoflowCOD/N-NH4ratiowastewaterbysimultaneousnitrificationanddenitrificationprocess　　ZhouShaoqi,Dept.ofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510640Abstract:Accordingtostoichiometricprinciple,simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrificationisapromisingtechnologyforthebiotreatmentoflowCOD/N-NH+4ratiowastewater.Thestrategiesforthestoichiometriccontrolofthiskindwastewaterarefollows:(1)toregulatethenitrificationanddenitrificationthroughNO-2pathwaybycontroltheO2compressedintothesystem;(2)topromotethenutrientratioofCOD/N-NH+4ratioformicroorganismsbyaddingorganiccarbons.Theexampleofsuccessfulsimultaneousnitrificationanddenitrificationofhighammonialandfillleachate(averageCON/N-NH+4=2.3)ispresented.Keywords:Nitrification　Denitrification　Stoichiometry　　。,,NH+4NOx,NOxN2,。,。、,,、、,;、,,ξ(ξ=COD/N-NH+4),ξ≤2.0,ξ,。,,COD,COD,NO-3ξ≥2.86。,COD/N-NH+4。1　、1.1　微生物去除氨氮的两个过程:NH+4→NO-2→NO-3→NO-2→N2↑(1)|(1)|(2)|1,NitrosomonasNitrobacter;2,(、)〔1〕。(1),,(NO-3)(NO-2):NH+4→NO-3→N2↑(2)NH+4→NO-2→N2↑(3)1.2　生物硝化反应的计量方程式与计量关系式〔2〕:·18·　22　1　20002DOI:10.15985/j.cnki.1001-3865.2000.01.0081-fs4O2+5+2fs40NH+4+fs4HCO-3=fs20C5H7O2N+18NO-3+5-4fs20H++5+6fs40H2O(4)1-fs4O2+10+3fs60NH+4+fs4HCO-3=fs20C5H7O2N+16NO-2+5-3fs15H++10+9fs60H2O(5),fs,0.0～1.0。(4)、(5)1。1　(C5H7O2N)Noη/gO2/gN-NH+4YX/O/gVSS/gO2YX/N/gVSS/gN-NH+4η～YX/N(4)160(1-fs)7(5+2fs)113fs160(1-fs)113fs7(5+2fs)η=327(1-45113Y)η∈[0.0,4.57]Y∈[0.0,∞]Y∈[0.0,2.306](5)240(1-fs)7(10+3fs)113fs160(1-fs)339fs14(10+3fs)η=247(1-182339Y)η∈[0.0,3.429]Y∈[0.0,∞]Y∈[0.0,1.863]　　:η=ΔO2/ΔH-NH+4,“”,YX/OO2,YX/NNH+4-N。1.3　生物反硝化COD/N比与微生物生长量Y的计量关系,CαHβOεNδfs1,,:CaHbOcNd、CaHbOc、CaHbO-cCOD。C5H7O2N,NOX:(1)NO-3NO-3,:14(COD)+28-23fs140NO-3=fs28C5H7O2N+1-fs10N2↑+()(6)(2)NO-3NO-3,NO-2:14(COD)+14-13fs28NO-3=fs28C5H7O2N+1-fs2NO-2+()(7)(3)NO-2NO-2,:14(COD)+26-23fs78NO-2=fs26C5H7O2N+1-fs6N2↑+()(8)(4)NO-3NH+4,:14(COD)+1-fs5NO-3+fs20NH+4=fs20C5H7O2N+1-fs10N2↑+()(9)[2,3],(6)～(9),2。2　(C5H7O2N)Noξ/gCOD/gN-NOXYX/C/gVSS/gCODYX/N/gVSS/gN-NOXYN/C/gN2/gCODYN/N/gN2/gN-NOXξ～YX/C(6)207(1-23fs/28)113fs224565fs14(28-23fs)7(1-fs)2028(1-fs)28-23fsξ=207(1-184YX/C/113)ξ∈[2.857,16.0]YX/C∈[0.0,0.505]YX/N∈[0.0,8.071]YN/C∈[0.35,0.0]YN/N∈[1.0,0.0](7)87(1-26fs/28)113fs224113fs7(28-26fs)/YN′/N=28(1-fs)28-26fsξ=87(1-208YX/C/113)ξ∈[1.143,16.0]YX/C∈[0.0,0.505]YX/N∈[0.0,8.071]YN″/N∈[1.0,0.0](8)127(1-23fs/26)113fs208339fs14(26-23fs)7(1-fs)1226(1-fs)26-23fsξ=127(1-184YX/C/113)ξ∈[1.714,14.86]YX/C∈[0.0,0.543]YX/N∈[0.0,8.071]YN/C∈[0.58,0.0]YN/N∈[1.0,0.0](9)207(1-fs)113fs160113fs56(1-fs)7(1-fs)201ξ=207(1-160YX/C/113)ξ∈[2.857,∞]YX/C∈[0.0,0.706]YX/N∈[0.0,∞]YN/C∈[0.35,0.0]　　:ξ=ΔCOD/ΔH-NOX,“”;YX/CCOD;YX/NNOX-N;YN/CCODN2;YN/NNOX-NN2;YN′/NNO3-NNO2-N。·19·　COD/N-NH42　COD/N-NH+4,、、COD;:、、COD。,,、,。pH7.2～8.0,pH7.0～7.5,。。1、2,NH+4NO-3NO-2;1gN-NO-3N22.875gCOD,1gN-NO-21.714gCOD,,N-NO-3N2CODN-NO-2COD40%。,COD/N-NH+4,,,NO-2。,COD/N-NH+4:(1),NO-2,NO-2;(2),COD/N-NH+4(,ξ4.05〔4〕,,ξ4.03〔5〕,,ξ6.71〔6〕,,ξ8.86〔7〕);,,NO-3。3　3.1　试验方法(2),10IALR〔8〕。:pH7.30～8.42,COD575～749mg/L,NH+4-N247～391.2mg/L,COD/NH+4-N1.78～2.51(2.3),1071.8～1565.3mg/L。:pHPHS-3CpH,TOCShimadzu-5000ATOC,NO-3、NO-2ShimadzuDGU-4A,COD,HN+4-N。3.2　试验结果1～510(ξ2.3),IALR95d。1　TOC、COD●TOC　▲TOC　×COD　○COD2　NH3-N、NO-2-N、NO-3-NXNH3-N　▲NH3-N○NO-2-N　●NO-3-N3　、○　×　●4　(CaCO3)●　○5　、pH○pH　●pH　　1～5,(1)IALR“”。(2)50d,。·20·　22　1　20002TOC、COD,NH+4-N、NOX-N、,pH、,45d,。(3)5,,,pH7.0,6.82。(pH∈7.2～8.0)(pH∈7.0～7.5)。(4)CODN,IALR,NO-2。4　、。,COD/N-NH+4NO-2。1　RandallCW,BarnardJLandStenselHD.Designandretrofitofwastewatertreatmentplantsforbiologicalnutrientremoval.TechnomicPublishingCom.,Inc.,Pennsylvania,USA,19922　..,1998,26(3):124～1263　..,1999,3:30～324　Clifford,D.andX.SLiu.Biologicaldenitrificationofspentregenerantbrineusingasequencingbatchreactor.WaterRes.,1993,27(9):1477～14845　CookNE,SilversteinJ.HogreweWetal.Denitrificationofpotablewaterinapackedtowerbiofilm.Environ.Eng.,1990,175～1826　SisonNF,HanakiKandMatsuoT.Denitrificationwithexternalcarbonsourceutilizingadsorptionanddesorptioncapabilityofactivatedcarbon.WaterResearch,1996,30(1):217～2277　Akunna,J.C.,C.Bizeau&R.Moletta.Denitrificationinanaerobicdigesters:PossibilitiesandinfluenceofwastewaterCOD/N-NOXratio.Environ.Technol.,1992,13:825～8368　ZhouS.Q.,FangH.H.P.Simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrificationofhighammoniaorganicwastewaterstreatment.In:CD-Rof1999AsianIndustrialTechnologyCongress.April1999,HongKong:ET-E3-3(:1999-02-08),EDUR,15t/h。:●　。、。●　6bar,30μm。12%,。,。●　7m3/h,5.5kW。。●　、、,。,,、,。28bar,70m3/h,35%。100%,。、、、,、、、。,、、,。(　)·21·　COD/N-NH4