低浓度生活污水厌氧处理技术的认识误区冯华军

冯华军,沈东升(,　310029)　:。,,。:;;;;;:X703;S216.4　　:A　　:1000-1166(2005)04-0010-04:2005-04-25　　:2005-08-23:(1980-),,,,。MisapprehensionintheAnaerobicTreatmentofLowStrengthSewage/FENGHua-jun;SHENDong-sheng/(DepartmentofenvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,China)Abstract:Anaerobicsewagetreatmenthasadvantagesoveraerobictreatment.Yettheformertechniquesisnotwildlydevelopedandapplied,speciallytheapplicationstothelowstrengthwastewatertreatment.Thereasonisthattherearesomemisapprehensionsovertheanaerobictechnique.Themisapprehensionsareanalyzedinthispaper,hopingbetterunderstandingonthetechniqueandpromotingitsdevelopment.Keywords:lowstrengthwastewater;domesticsewage;anaerobictreatment;misapprehension　　1881“Cosmos”,[1]。2050,2060(AF),1974LettingaUASB,[2]。,,。,,。,,,,。1　,()。,,;、、。,,。(),CO2CH4N2,,。,25%～40%,60%～75%,,[3],()。2　,,。10ChinaBiogas2005,23(4),90%COD,5%～10%,。。,,,,,。(1)。1　1.;2.;3.、;4.;5.;6.,;7.;8.、;9.。1.;2.;3.;4.SO42-;5.;6.;7.;8.NH4+40～70mg·L-1。1.5～10;2.5%～20%;3.5%～20%;4.;5.1000kgCOD500～1000kWh,;6.1000kgCOD12.66×106kJ。3　3.1　反应速度慢,停留时间长(F/M)0.5～1.0gBOD·(g·d)-1,0.1～0.5gBOD·(g·d)-1。,,,MLVSS5～10。5～10kg·(m3·d)-1,0.5～1kg·(m3·d)-1,10[4]。,。,(HRT)、。。,(HRT),10～20d。,“”。“”。[5]。。20～30min,5～15d,。,[6],15～20d[7]。、,[8]。3.2　氧气对厌氧反应器会产生致命影响ORP(-)50mV,300～500mV,ORP-100mV,ORP-100mV～50mV[9]。。,(DO),[10]。Mario,,DO[11]。。12.4mg·L-1,。。,,。。,。,,11ChinaBiogas2005,23(4),;。,100～300μm[12]。,,,。,,。,[13]。,,。,。DO(UASBEGSB)。1985AndesRPA(),COD[14]。3.3　厌氧反应器不适合处理低浓度废水,。Monod,。:,。,[11]。。。,。,。,。LettingaUASB8～20℃,HRT12h,COD500mg·L-1,COD66.5%[15];MarioT.Kato30℃EGSBCOD100～200mg·L-1,12gCOD·L-1d-1,80%[11]。SalihCOD500～800mg·L-1,10～12℃EGSB,HRT1.6h,COD90%[16]。3.4　厌氧反应器不适合在低温下运行(30～35℃)、(50～55℃)[17],、。,,。,,,25℃15dSRT[18],15℃75d[19]。,,(SS)[18～21]。UASBE=3.07×104J·mol-1,,[8]。Let-tingaEGSB15℃～20℃,COD666～886mg·L-1,HRT2.4h,OLR10gCOD·L-1d-1,COD70%～91%[22]。DeMan:12℃～18℃,COD500～700mg·L-1,HRT7～12h,CODBOD40%～60%50%～70%[23]。,15℃35℃4mmol·L-1,45%51%[24]。,,:1.,;2.,,;3.;4.,,UASB,;5.[25]。4　、,12ChinaBiogas2005,23(4),(,),,,,[26]。,,50,,。,,,UASB。。,、、,[25]。:[1]　,.UASB[J].,2004,34(2):261～268.[2]　,.[J].,2001,20(3):323～329.[3]　GossettJM,RLBelser.Anaerobicdigestionofwasteactivatedsludge[J].J.Environ.Eng.Div.Am.soc.CivilEng.1982,108p:1101～1120.[4]　GossettJM,RLBelser.anaerobicdigestionofwasteactivatedsludge[J].J.Environ.Eng.Div.Am.Soc.CivilEng.1982,108:1102～1120.[5]　.[M].:,2001.[6]　,.、[J].,1997,10(1):40～43.[7]　,.[J].,1995,13(1):12～15.[8]　.UASB[J],,1995,23(2):192～196.[9]　,.[J].,2003,21(6)::27～30.[10]　Whitman,WB,BowenTL,BooneDR.Themethanogenicbacteria.inTheprokaryotes[M],Newyork:Springer-Ver-lag,1992,719～797.[11]　MarioT.Kato,JimA.FieldandGatzeLettinga.TheanasrobictreatmentoflowstrengthwastewatersinUASBandEGSBre-actors[J].Wat.Sci.Tech,1997,36(6～7):375～382.[12]　deBeerD.Microelectrodestudiesinbiofilmsandsediments.Ph.D.thesis,UniversiteitvanAmsterdam.Amsterdam,TheNetherland.1990.[13]　RolfeRD,HentgesDJ,CampbellBJ,BarretJT.Factorsre-latedtotheoxygentoleranceofanaerobicbacteria[J].Appl.Env.Microbiol,1978,36:306～313.[14]　.[J].,1998,16(2):11～15.[15]　Lettinga.G.etal.AnaerobictreatmentofrawdomesticsewageatambienttemperatureusingagranularbedUASBreactor,Biotech.BioEng.1983,25.1701～1723.[16]　Salih,Rebac,JulesB.Vanlier,PietLens.Psychrophilicanaer-obictreatmentoflowstrengthwastewater.WaterScienceandtechnology,1999,39(5):203～210.[17]　,,.().,2004,30(2):98～101.[18]　MironY,etal.Theroleofsludgeresidensetimeinthehy-drolysisoflipids,carbohydratesandproteinsduringtheanaerobictreatmentofdomesticsewage[J].WatRes,2000,34:1705～1713.[19]　ZeemanG,LettingaG.Theroleofanaerobicdigestionofdo-mesticsewageinclosingthewaterandnutrientcycleatcom-munitylevel[J].Wat.SciTech,1999,39:187～194.[20]　ElmitwalliTA,etal.Anaerobictreatmentofdomesticsewageatlowtemperature[A].ProceedingsoftheVlLatin-Ameri-canWorkshopandSeminaronAnaerobicDigestion[C].2000.[21]　KalogoY,VerstraeteW.TechnicalfeasibilityofthetreatmentofdomesticwastewaterbyaCEPS-UASBsystem[J].Envi-ronTechnol,2000,21:55～65.[22]　LettingaG,deManA,vanderLastA,KatoM,WangK,Re-bacS.Possibleroleofanaerobicdigestioninsewagetreatmentundermoderateclimaticconditions[A].The2ndJapan/DutchWorkshoponWaterQualityManagement[C].Ube,Japan.1993.[23]　LucasSeghezzo,GrietjeZeeman,JulesB.AReview:TheanaerobictreatmentofsewageinUASBandEGSBreactors[J].BioresourceTechnology,1998,65:175～190.[24]　,,.pH、[J].,2001,11(1):30～32.[25]　MichaelS.Switzenbaum.Obstalesintheimplementationofanaerobictreatmenttechnology[J],BioresourceTechnology,1995,53:255～262.[26]　,,,.[J].,2002,3(8):63～66.13ChinaBiogas2005,23(4)