底泥覆盖对浅水湖泊藻源性湖泛的控制模拟

J．LakeSci．2015274599-606DOI10．18307/2015．04062015byJournalofLakeSciences*12341＊＊1210008221000932004344210098．-．0.5cm1.0cmFe2+1/350%．1250mV1cmpH．．Fe2+Effectsofsedimentcappingtoeliminatesimulatedalage-causedblackbloomineutrophiclakesSHANGJingge12HEWei3SHAOShiguang4＆FANChengxin11StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvironmentNanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnologyChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008P．Ｒ．China2ChinaPharmaceuticalUniversityNanjing210009P．Ｒ．China3ShanghaiInvestigationandDesignInstituteCo．Ltd．Shanghai200434P．Ｒ．China4CollegeofHydrologyandWaterＲesourcesHohaiUniversityNanjing210098P．Ｒ．ChinaAbstractTheoccurrenceofblackbloomisdirectlyrelatedtoadequatesupplyofodorandblacksubstanceandredoxconditionsatthebottomoflakes．CappingwithlossesandsandwasconductedwiththesedimentfromYueliangBaywhichwasheavilypollutedandsufferedfromblackbloomsinthepastyearstoinvestigatetheefficiencyofblackbloomcontrol．Themaincharacteristicsofsediment-watersystemandsensorychangeprocesswereanalyzed．Theresultsshowsthatcappingwithlosses0.5cmandsand1cmcontroltheformationofblackbloomfromtheperspectiveofvisualandolfactoryresultssemi-quantitative．ThemainblacksubstanceFe2+andodorsubstancemethanethiolanddimethyltrisulfideinthepore-waterofcappingsedimentswasonly1/3and1/2ofthecontrolcoresDOconcentrationandEhofthebottomwaterwasenhancedupto100%andto250mVre-spectively．EhandpHofthesurfacecappingsedimentwasalsohigherthanuncappingcontrolcores．Overalltheintegratedcap-pingsystemcouldeliminatethediffusionofnutrientsfromsedimentandanaerobicmicroorganismsinthewaterblocktheformationoftasteandodorsinthewaterandpreventtheoccurrenceofblackbloom．KeywordsBlackbloomcontrolsedimentcappingoxidation-reductionferrous＊＊＊TH2013214、2012ZX07103-005“”NIGLAS2012135008．2015-01-292015-03-13．1985～[e-mail][e-mail]．201527420071-2．34．．35-6、17．、、36．．、-1-2、8-910-、．11-13Pan14、1cm200/min．．11.11.1.12．50cm、100、、3.070、0.276、0.719g/kg350、、0.420、0.032、0.185g/kg．1.1.231°24'35.64″N120°6'3.56″E．110mm25cm．、、6.570、0.482、1.507g/kg．1.1.30.5m．．1.1.425#．1.21.2.114-151.5cm30.5cm1cm14．24hpeeper5000g/m247.5g/YYHe3525℃4h100014001．1.2.2．Y40～30123．100ml40～30123．．14d．6011.2.3DO、Eh、pH、．DO、Eh、pH0.45μmNH+4-N、PO3－4-P．HS-SPMEAgilent7890AFPD．/Carboxen/DVB/CAＲ/PDMSSupelcoUSA65℃500/min30minGC250℃3min．He3ml/mim0.99999H250ml/minO265ml/minN230ml/minFPD250℃45℃5min25℃/min250℃8min．1.2.4UnisenseUnisenseDenmarkEh、pH．、、90%＜3sO250ms．50μmpH、Eh．1.2.5peeperFe2+、NH+4-N、PO3－4-P．Fe2+Fe3+-160.2g50ml10ml-30s16h．22.1、39．1.5cm．17d8d10d310d13d．15d7d8d2～3d．1Tab.1Changesinwatercolorandodorduringtheexperiment/d1234567891011121300000012233321000000000000120000000001111300000000011110000112333333100000011111112000000111121130000000000011．2.2DO、EhpH-DO、EhpHDOEhpH0～6d1．602J．LakeSci．2015274DO0.7～1.0mg/L12mg/L．EhEh．1DO、Eh、pHFig.1TheeffectofsedimentcappingonDOEhandpHofoverlyingwater．-O2、17．、．SOD1819DO．201cmEh．EhpHFeS1021．Eh、pH．2.32．9d13d．Yang22200711399ng/LDMTS———21．23、249．、．8．-25．pH-Eh21．2.4Fe2+．Fe2+Fe2+/Fe3+Eh26-27．6032Fig.2TheeffectofsedimentcappingonconcentrationofsourodorsubstanceintheoverlyingwaterFe3+Fe2+Fe2+Fe2+3．Fe2+Fe2+3Fe2+Fig.3VerticalchangesofthepercentageofFe2+concentrationtototalFeinthesediment1/3Fe2+4．Fe2+FeS2228．Fe3+/Fe2+29Fe3+Fe2+2．Eh．NH+4-N、PO3－4-P4．NH+4-N、PO3－4-P2228、、30．Eh5Fe604J．LakeSci．2015274NH+4-N、PO3－4-P．、12EhNH+4-N、PO3－4-P2．．4Fe2+NH+4-NPO3－4-PFig.4Fe2+NH+4-NandPO3－4-Pconcentrationsinthepore-waterofthesediment2.5Eh、pH．Eh、pH5Eh、pH．EhEh300mV1mm1.5mm70mV．Eh500mV409mV7.5mmEh．pHEh、pHpH．Eh、pHpHEh．-O2、NO－3、MnⅣ、FeⅢ、SO2－4Eh31、Eh．pHpH5．pH、、、．Belzile26He3．EhpH．pH-EhFe2+FeS32．．EhpH-Eh．6055Eh、pHFig.5VerticalprofilesofEhandpHinthesediment3NH+4-N、PO3－4-P、Fe2+4．．．1.5cm．、41．“”．2009203438-442．2．FeMnS．201031112652-2660．3HeWShangJLuXetal．Effectsofsludgedredgingonthepreventionandcontrolofalgae-causedblackbloominTaihuLakeChina．JournalofEnvironmentalSciences2013253430-440．4．“”．2011322401-408．5．．2009．6．．20143482071-2077．7．．2009243431-438．8StetsEGHinesMEKieneＲP．Thiolmethylationpotentialinanoxiclow-pHwetlandsedimentsanditsrelationshipwithdimethylsulfideproductionandorganiccarboncycling．FEMSMicrobiologyEcology20044711-11．9LuXFanCShangJetal．Headspacesolid-phasemicroextractionforthedeterminationofvolatilesulfurcompoundsinodoroushyper-eutrophicfreshwaterlakesusinggaschromatographywithflamephotometricdetection．MicrochemicalJour-nal201210426-32．10．“”．20125712606J．LakeSci．20152741060-1066．11JacobsPHFrstnerU．ConceptofsubaqueouscappingofcontaminatedsedimentswithactivebarriersystemsABSu-singnaturalandmodifiedzeolites．WaterＲesearch19993392083-2087．12．．2006262262-268．13FrstnerUApitzSE．SedimentremediationUSfocusoncappingandmonitorednaturalrecovery．JournalofSoilsandSediments200776351-358．14PanGDaiLLiLetal．Ｒeducingtherecruitmentofsedimentedalgaeandnutrientreleaseintotheoverlyingwaterusingmodifiedsoil/sandflocculation-cappingineutrophiclakes．EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology20124695077-5084．15SunHXuXGaoGetal．Anovelintegratedactivecappingtechniquefortheremediationofnitrobenzene-contaminatedsediment．JournalofHaz