底泥和藻体对太湖湖泛的诱发及水体致黑物的供应潜力

J．LakeSci．2015274575-582DOI10．18307/2015．04032015byJournalofLakeSciences*1112＊＊12100372210008、+3、、．+＞＞．+Fe2+11～9433+2～56．、．．ThecontributionofsedimentandalgaltotheformationofblackbloomandtheirpotentialtosupplytheblacksubstanceinwatersinLakeTaihuCAIPing1WUYuchen1LIUXin1＆YINHongbin21NanjingForestryUniversityNanjing210037P．Ｒ．China2NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnologyChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008P．Ｒ．ChinaAbstractAlaboratorysimulationsystemwasestablishedtoidentifythecontributionofalgalandsedimentspeciallythetreat-mentsincludingalgalalgal+sedimentandsedimentonlytotheformationofblackbloominLakeTaihu．Blacknessironandsulfurfractionswereanalyzedundervariedanaerobicconditionandthecontributionandpotentialofsedimentfromdifferentalgal-loadedareatoinducetheblackbloomwerededuced．Theresultsindicatedthetreatmentshaveadescendingorderinthecontribu-tiontotheformationofblackbloomasalgaltreatment＜sedimenttreatment＜algal+sedimenttreatment．Ferrousironinthealgal+sedimenttreatmentwas11to94foldaverage33foldasthatofalgaltreatment．Theconcentrationofreducedsulfideinthealgal+sedimenttreatmentwas2to56foldasthatofothertreatments．Theresultsalsoindicatedthatsedimentinthealgal-load-edareahasgreaterpotentialtoinducetheblackbloomthansedimentinthenonalgal-loadedarea．Whereaslittledifferencewasobservedintheformationofblackbloombetweenanaerobicandnontreatment．AlltheresultsindicatedthatthepotentialtosupplythelowvalencestateofironandsulfideinanaerobicconditionhasadecisiveeffectontheformationofblackbloominLakeTaihu．Thereforeitisnecessarytoenhancethecontrolonalgaldensityinthealgal-loadedarea．KeywordsBlackbloominduceferrousironandsulfidesedimentalgalLakeTaihu．、、．20074km220104＊＊＊41371479TH2013214．2014-11-282015-01-08．1991～[e-mail][e-mail]．20152747236km22012101/2．．“”．“”FeS3-6pH、EhFeS“”、、、．7．Fe3+4Fe3+、Fe2+S2－8．S2－Mn2+/Fe2+9-1011“”．．．、．1.0g/L7～13d12．acidvolatilesulfideAVS13．、+．14、．．、+、．11.120149Ｒigio11cm31°18'26″N119°57'1″E31°20'47″N120°5'5″E63．4h10cm4℃．25#24h．4000/min10min．1.2105℃24h550℃4hTN、TP．Fe2+TFe-15526nmFe3+=TFe－Fe2+．AVS、Pyrite-SES“”16．4g500ml5ml3%．AVS6mol/L15ml1mol/L2ml1min4h650nm．AVS5ml3%15mlCr2+1min48h650nmPyrite-S．5ml3%20ml1min5ml5mlCr2+24h650nmES．、Fe2+、TFe、Fe2+、TFe577FeS550nm．FeS．VcFe2+．0～0.4mmol/L．10mmol/LS2－Na2S·9H2O10mmol/LFe2+FeSO4·7H2O10mmol/LVcFeSVc1∶10.04～0.40mmol/LFeS550nm17．1.31.3.1、、、+3．250ml50g、25g25g+50g100ml．5min．4、6、8、10、13、17d3Fe2+、．．1.3.250g、25g100ml250ml35℃TFe、Fe2+、．50g、25g35℃TFe、Fe2+、．22.11Tab.1Thebasicphysico-chemicalcharacteristicsofsediments/%50.753.8/%4.642.91/mV460440TN/mg/kg1.30×1031.25×103TP/mg/kg0.38×1030.37×103AVS/mg/kg1.350.83Pyrite-S/mg/kg7.813.29ES/mg/kg1.230.57Fe2+/mg/kg1.32×1030.55×103TFe/mg/kg8.59×1037.47×103AVS、Pyrite-S、ES、Fe2+21、．TN、TP、TFe．96.83%a34.32g/kg．2.2+、1+．+10d0.82mmol/L．．+10dESAVS、Pyrite-S8、40mg/LAVS0.10～0.75mg/L0.43mg/LAVS4.56～6.58mg/L5.57mg/LAVS578J．LakeSci．20152741Fig.1Developmentofblacknessandreducedinorganicsulfurconcentrationindifferenttreatmentsamples+Pyrite-S0.10～0.91mg/L2Fe2+Fig.2DevelopmentofFe2+concentrationindifferenttreatedsamplesPyrite-S15.11～35.36mg/L13d+Pyrite-S15.89mg/L51.49mg/L10d．+Pyrite-S66.7．ES10d+ES0.10mg/L0.75mg/L2．+2～56+．+40%1%、、、．+AVSSO2－4S2－．3Fe2+2．Fe2+5790.37～0.73mg/L+Fe2+4.07mg/L69.19mg/L+Fe2+11～9433+Fe2+Fe2++Fe2+．+FeS．3Fig.3Developmentofreducedinorganicsulfurconcentrationinsedimentsamplesofsynechococcusandnon-synechococcusareas2.3．30.15～0.82mmol/L0.07～0.45mmol/L210d13d．1．33．AVS2.93～5.62mg/LAVS1.65mg/L11.20mg/L1.5Pyrite-S15.89～51.495.86～24.41mg/L2.2ES0.08～0.27mg/LES0.10mg/L0.75mg/L．3580J．LakeSci．20152744Fe2+Fig.4DevelopmentofFe2+concentrationinsedimentsamplesofsynechococcusandnon-synechococcusarea．Fe2+2Fe2+4Fe2+4d4.07mg/L69.19mg/LFe2+4d2.62mg/L59.44mg/L6dFe2+1．2.4．0.16mmol/L0.82mmol/L0.10mmol/L0.61mmol/L10d5．Fe2+56dFe2+Fe2+4.07mg/L69.19mg/LFe2+5.53mg/L59.33mg/L．Fe2+．3-6FeSFe2+S2－．Fe2+S2－．5Fe2+Fig.5DevelopmentofblacknessandFe2+concentrationinsamplesofdifferentlevelsofanaerobic581Pyrite-SAVSESAVS1.65～11.20、2.46～10.90mg/L6.24、6.68mg/LES0.10～0.75mg/L0.09～0.97mg/L0.43、0.53mg/L．、Pyrite-S15.89～51.49、12.54～45.04mg/L6．6Fig.6Developmentofreducedinorganicsulfurconcentrationsinsamplesofdifferentlevelsofanaerobic．--．．．3、++．．、、、18．41DuanHMaＲLoiselleSAetal．Opticalcharacterizationofblackwaterbloomsineutrophicwaters．ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment2014482174-183．2．“”．201257121060-1066．3．Fe、Mn、S．201031112652-2660．4．Fe、S、P．20093092520-2526．5．．201150-58．6ShenQZhouQShangJetal．BeyondhypoxiaOccurrenceandcharacteristicsofblackbloomsduetothedecompositionofthesubmergedplantPotamogetoncrispusinashallowlake．JournalofEnvironmentalSciences2014262281-288．582J．LakeSci．20152747LiuCShenQZhouQetal．Precontrolofalgae-inducedblackbloomsthroughsedimentdredgingatappropriatedepthinatypicaleutrophicshallowlake．EcologicalEngineering201577139-145．8．-．2009．9HeYTWilsonJTWilkinＲT．Transformationofreactiveironmineralsinapermeablereactivebarrierbiowallusedtotreattceingroundwater．EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology200842176690-6696．10LutherLiiGWGlazerBMaSetal．Ironandsulfurch