底泥硝化菌群用于生物毒性测试的初步研究董春宏

:2002-07-16:(G1999045711):(1970-),,,1董春宏,胡洪营,黄霞,钱易(,100084):,,,IC5012143LmolPL,IC5046190LmolPL:;;;;;:X703:A:1001-6929(2002)06-0045-04PreliminaryStudyonBiotoxicityTestUsingNitrifyingBacteriainSedimentDONGChun-hong,HUHong-ying,HUANGXia,QIANYi(StateKeyJointlaboratoryofEnvironmentSimulationandPollutionControl,DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Theinhibitionofcopperiononnitrificationactivityofnitrifyingbacteriainsedimentandactivatedsludgewerestudied.Theresultsshowedthattheinhibitionofcopperiononnitrifyingbacteriainsedimentwasstrongerthanthatinactivatedsludge.ThevaluesofIC50forsedi-mentandactivatedsludgewere12.43LmolPLand46.90LmolPLrespectively.Theexperimentalresultsdemonstratedthattheinhibitionofpol-lutantsonnitrificationactivityofsedimentcouldbeusedfortoxicityevaluation.Keywords:biotoxicity;eco-functionaleffect;copperion;sediment;activatedsludge;nitrificationactivity[1-2],,,,[1],[2-3],,[4-5][6],,,,,[7-9],,,1111(),3115mmolPL,(1)pH60cm@30cm@45cm(LWH),45L,2cm,4cm(015~115cm),3cm,19cm,17cm([10])115LPh2:,;156ResearchofEnvironmentalSciencesVol.15,No.6,2002DOI10.13198/j.res.2002.06.47.dongchh.0135mgPL,22~24epH015molPLK2CO3714~8101Fig.1Sketchdiagramoftheammonia-stressselectedmicrocosm112-,300mL,(NH4)2SO4,(30?015)e,150~160rPmin,10mL,,pH712,SS113300mL,(NH4)2SO4,(30?015)e,150~160rPmin,10mL10mL,,pH712,SS114:,0145Lm,SHI-MADZU:5~7mL,0145Lm,SHIMADZUUV-1200V115ATP2211,22,,1110mmolPL,30min;1110mmolPL,,,,1h,5h(3)P(mmol#L-1):1)0100;2)0116;3)0132;4)0163;5)1110;6)1158;7)21202Fig.2AdsorptioncharacteristicsofCu2+onsedimentP(mmol#L-1):1)0100;2)0116;3)0143;4)11263Fig.3AdsorptioncharacteristcsofCu2+onactivatedsludge(1)q,qCe44q(Henry)((2),(3))q=(C0-Ce)VW=C0-CeWPV=C0-CeSS(1):C0))),mmolPL;Ce))),mmolPL;q))),mmolPg;4615V))),L;W))),g;SS))),gPL:q=1130CeR=0199(2):q=3144CeR=0198(3),216,,4Fig.4AdsorptionisothermsofCu2+onsedimentandactivatedsludge212,[11-13],Cu2+,[Cu(OH)]+,[Cu(NH3)2]2+,,Cu2+,[Cu(OH)]+,[Cu(NH3)2]2+,(1)(2):Ce=C01+k#SS(4):k))),LPg(4)(C0)(Ce),,(5),5ki,ri=-ki,(5)Ir,[14],66,50%(5)1214346190LmolPLIr=r0-rir0@100%(5):Ir)));r0)));ri)))213NH4+-NP(Lmol#L-1):1)0;2)8173;3)17145;4)26118;5)43163;6)52135;7)69180;8)87125;9)1221155Cu2+Fig.5EffectsofCu2+onnitrifyingactivityinsediment6Cu2+Fig.6EffectsofCu2+onnitrifyingactivityinsedimentandactivatedsludge(NH3)(NH4+)Cu2+,[Cu(OH)]+,[Cu(NH3)3]2+,[Cu(NH3)4]2+[11-13,15][15],(NH4+),(NH3),(NH3)10mgPL30epH712~715,[16](NH3)3%,,50mgPL,3,,,P,,,,,476::[1]StenselHD,McDowellCS,RitterED.Anautomatedbiologicalni-trificationtoxicitytest[J].JWPCF,1976,48:2343-2350.[2]NowakO,SvardalK.Observationsonthekineticsofnitrificationundeinhibitingconditionscausedbyindustrialwastewatercompounds[J].WaterSciTechnol,1993,28:115-123.[3]LeeYW,OngSK,SatoC.Effectsofheavymetalsonnitrifyingbac-teria[J].WaterSciTechnol,1997,36:69-74.[4]DalzellDJB,AlteS,AspichuetaE,sotaA,etal.Acomparisonoffiverapiddirecttoxicityassessmentmethodstodeterminetoxicityofpollutantstoactivatedsludge[J].Chemosphere,2002,47:535-545.[5]ChanChun-Man,LoWaihung,WongKwok-Yin,etal.Monitoringthetoxicityofphenolicchemicalstoactivatedsludgeusinganovelopticalscanningrespirometer[J].Chemosphere,1999,39:1421-1432.[6]CamillaGrunditz,GunnelDalhammar.Developmentofnitrificationin-hibitionassayusingpureculturesofnitrosomonasandnitrobacter.[J].WaterRes,2001,35:433-440.[7]DaveGÊran,NilssonEva.SedimenttoxicityandcontaminantsintheKattegatandSkagerrak[J].AquaticEcosystemHealth&Manage-ment,1999,2:347-360.[8]NipperMG,RoperDS,WilliamsEK.Sedimenttoxicityandbenthiccommunitiesinmildlycontaminatedmudflats[J].OceanographicLite-ratureReview,1998,1663-1664.[9]LauSSS,ChuLM.Thesignificanceofsedimentcontaminationinacoastalwetland,HongKong,China[J].WaterRes,2000,34:379-386.[10]CoteRJ,GhernaRL,AmericanSocietyforMicrobiology[C].Nutri-tion,mediaGerhardtP,etal.Methodsforgeneralandmolecularbac-teriology[A].WashingtonD.C.:[n.l.],1994.[11],,.daphniamagna[J].,1998,17:14-18.[12]HowarthRR,SpragueJB.CopperlethalitytorainbowtroutinwatersofvarioushardnessandpH[J].Waterres,1978,12:455-462.[13]WagemannR,BaricaJ.Speciationandrateoflossofcopperfromlakewaterwithimplicationstotoxicity[J].WaterRes,1979,13:515-523.[14],.[M].:,1997.228-230.[15]BraamF,AbrahamKW.Effectsofcopperonnitrificationinactivatedsludge[J].WaterRes,1981,15:1093-1098.[16]CaicedoJR,vanberSteenNP,ArceO,GijzenHJ.EffectoftotalammonianitrogenconcentrationandpHongrowthratesofduckweed(Spirodelapolyrrhiza)[J].WaterRes,2000,34:3829-3835.(上接第41页)5Table5Theestimateresultofproducedmaledaphniafrompredictivemodelswithchemicalparameters4-4-lgP2.512.460.042.472.52-0.062.782.720.062.712.75-0.0416V2.512.470.042.472.53-0.062.782.720.062.712.74-0.0426V2.512.460.052.472.54-0.072.782.710.072.712.75-0.0434-4-,,,,,,4-;4-,,-;4,,;,P,:[1]ComberMHI,WilliamsTD,StewartKM.Theeffectsof4-nonyl-phenolonDephniamagna[J].WaterRes,1999,27(2):273-276.[2]WilliamS,BaldwinWS,GrahamSE.MetabolicandorganizationoffemaleDaphniaMagnabythexenoestrogen4-nonylphenol[J].WaterRes,1999,29(3):471-431.[3]GBPT13266-91,-()[S].[4]5-6.-[M].:,1981.6-28.[5].[