底质中氨氮对沉水植物生长的影响

2006,15(5):[e-mail]8632003AA6011001962E-mail:[e-mail]*E-mail:[e-mail]2006-04-28*1.2100982.2100983.2004347VallisnerianatansL.Elodeanuttallii(POD)(CAT)50mg·kg-1500mg·kg-1VallisnerianatansLElodeanuttalliiX171.5A1672-2175200605-0914-07[1-3][4-5][6-8]Ceratophyllumdemersum1mg·L-15mg·L-1[7-8][9][10-15]863V100mg·kg-1VallisnerianatansLElodeanuttallii2kg8kgTN204mg·kg-1TP45mg·kg-1TN1.16mg·L-1NH4-NTP(NH4)2CO3NH40mg·kg-15mg·kg-110mg·kg-150mg·kg-1100mg·kg-1500mg·kg-11000mg·kg-11658g36gФ30cm×Ф40cm×50cm915200561720057828d[46][16][2,17](POD)(CAT)TTC[18]1328500mg·kg-17[8]1mg·L-15mg·L-1500mg·kg-175mg·L-15.19mg·L-1[17]12150mg·kg-15mg·kg-150mg·kg-17d28d≥100mg·kg-17d1Table1TheNH4+-Nvarietyofthewater/(mg·L-1)/d5/(mg·kg-1)10/(mg·kg-1)50/(mg·kg-1)100/(mg·kg-1)500/(mg·kg-1)1000/(mg·kg-1)07281.510.981.361.511.162.041.510.980.81.511.080.921.511.190.81.515.191.281.512.030.8Table2TheTNvarietyofthewater/(mg·L-1)/d5/(mg·kg-1)10/(mg·kg-1)50/(mg·kg-1)100/(mg·kg-1)500/(mg·kg-1)1000/(mg·kg-1)072.960.832.961.382.961.012.961.272.961.012.967.732.963.04Table3TheTPvarietyofthewater/(mg·L-1)/d5/(mg·kg-1)10/(mg·kg-1)50/(mg·kg-1)100/(mg·kg-1)500/(mg·kg-1)1000/(mg·kg-1)072.960.832.961.382.961.012.961.272.961.012.967.732.963.041Fig.1ThevegetalvarietyofVallisnerianatansafter(NH3)2CO3treatments2Fig.2ThevegetalvarietyofElodeanuttalliiafter(NH3)2CO3treatments苦草VallisnerianatansL-100.0-80.0-60.0-40.0-20.00.020.040.060.080.0051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)鲜物质量变化率/%第7天第28天伊乐藻Elodeanuttallii0204060801001201401600510501005001000w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)鲜物质量变化率/%第7天第28天9161552006950mg·kg-12≤500mg·kg-1100mg·kg-17d20%~48.9%28d7d500mg·kg-17d133.2%28d500mg·kg-11000mg·kg-17d28d500mg·kg-112[17]343≤50mg·kg-107d[17]28d7.5%50mg·kg-1[19]50mg·kg-1[19]50mg·kg-14≤10mg·kg-150mg·kg-1[17]50mg·kg-1500mg·kg-1[19]500mg·kg-1343Fig.3TheDW/FWvarietyofVallisnerianatansafter(NH3)2CO3treat-ments4Fig.4TheDW/FWvarietyofElodeanuttalliiafter(NH3)2CO3treatments苦草VallisnerianatansL0.01.02.03.04.05.06.07.08.09.010.0051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)干鲜物质量比/%第0天第7天第28天伊乐藻Elodeanuttallii0510152025303540051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)干鲜物质量比/%第0天第7天第28天917[18]5≤10mg·kg-110mg·kg-17d230mg·g-1·h-128d390mg·g-1·h-110mg·kg-1150mg·kg-1100mg·kg-1500mg·kg-120mg·g-1·h-1[20]50mg·kg-110mg·kg-1HalliwellAsada(POD)(CAT)(POD)(POD)(CAT)(protectiveenzymesystem)[19-22]696POD7d≥50mg·kg-11POD500mg·kg-1POD6PODFig.6TheactivitiesofthePODofVallisnerianatansafter(NH3)2CO3treatments5Fig.5TherootingactivitiesvarietyofVallisnerianatansafter(NH3)2CO3treatments苦草VallisnerianatansL)050100150200250300350400450051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)根系活力/(mg•g－1•h－1)第0天第7天第28天苦草VallisnerianatansL0510152025051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)POD/(Δ470•g-1•min-1)第0天第7天第28天9181552006977dPOD28d5100mg·kg-1POD500mg·kg-1POD850mg·kg-17dCATPODCATCAT50mg·kg-1100mg·kg-1CAT500mg·kg-17dCAT97dCATCAT10mg·kg-1CAT500mg·kg-1CAT28d500mg·kg-1CAT7PODCATPOD50mg·kg-1CAT690mg·kg-1PODCAT28dPOD28dCAT697dCATPOD28dCATPOD8CATFig.8TheactivitiesofthePODofVallisnerianatansafter(NH3)2CO3treatments9CATFig.9TheactivitiesofthePODofElodeaNuttalliiafter(NH3)2CO3treatments7PODFig.7TheactivitiesofthePODofElodeaNuttalliiafter(NH3)2CO3treatments伊乐藻Elodeanuttallii0102030405060708090100051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)POD(Δ470•g-1•min-1)第0天第7天第28天苦草VallisnerianatansL00.20.40.60.811.21.41.61.8051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)CAT/(U•g-1•min-1)第0天第7天第28天伊乐藻Elodeanuttallii012345678051050100500w(NH4+-N)/(mg•kg-1)CAT/(U•g-1•min-1)第0天第7天第28天919150mg·kg-1510mg·kg-1500mg·kg-10~100mg·kg-123CATPOD[1],,,.NP[J].,2003,27(3):232-237.MAKai,CAIQinghua,XIEZhicai,etal.Influencesofsubmergedmacrophytesdistributionpatternonnitrogenandphosphorousfactorsofwaterenvironmentinlakes[J].ActaHydrobiologicaSinica,2003,27(3):232-237.[2],,.[J].,2004,13(4):497-499.ZHUWei,CHENQingjing,ZHANGLanfang.PurificationeffectofpollutedwaterinlowtemperatureinwinterbyElodeanuttallii[J].EcologyandEnvironment,2004,13(4):497-499.[3],,.[J].,1999,19(2):106-109.WANGGuoxiang,PUPeimin,ZHANGShengzhao.Thepurificationabilityofaquaticmacrophytesforeutrophiclakewaterinwinter[J].ChinaEnvironmentalScience,1999,19(2):106-109.[4],.[J].,1996,5(4):355-361.QIUDongru,WUZhengbin.OnthedegradationandrestorationofshalloweutrophicChineselakes[J].ResourcesandEnvironmentintheYangtzeValley,1996,5(4):355-361.[5],,.[J].,2004,20(6):8-11.CHENGNanning,ZHUWei,ZHANGJun.Reproductionandplanta-tiontechniqueofsubmergedmacrophyteinpollutedwater[J].WaterResourcesProtection,2004,20(6):8-11.[6]YonghongXie,DanYu,BoRen.Effectsofnitrogenandphosphorusavailabilityonthedecompositionofaquaticplants[J].AquatBot,2004,80:29-37.[7]NiL.EffectsofwatercolumnnutrientenrichmentonthegrowthofPotamogetonmaackianusA.Been[J].JAquatPlantManage,2001,39:83-87.[8],.[J].,2004,28(3):299-303.CAOTe,NiLeyi.ResponsesofantioxidasesofCeratophyllumdemersumtotheincreaseofinorganicnitrogeninwatercolumn[J].ActaHydrobiologicaSinica,2004,28(3):299-303.[9].[M].:,2001:89,127.JINXiangcan.TheTechniqueofControllingandManagingEutrophicLak