叠式曝气生物滤池预处理高氨氮原水陆少鸣

陆少鸣1,　黄念禹2,　杨　立3,　任媛媛1(1.华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510006;2.广州市自来水公司,广东广州510017;3.华南理工大学建筑设计研究院,广东广州510006)　　　:　针对南方地区存在季节性高氨氮和有机物污染的水源水,采用叠式曝气生物滤池进行生物预处理。枯水期水温≥5℃,滤速为8m/h,气水比为0.5～1.5,原水氨氮、CODMn和浊度的周均值分别为5.02～9.45mg/L、5.79～10.1mg/L和19.7～63.1NTU,叠式滤池出水对应指标分别为0.30～0.96mg/L、3.24～5.85mg/L和3.83～19.9NTU(去除率分别为90.3%、42.7%和66.3%),符合《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)的Ⅲ类标准。丰水期滤速为12m/h,气水比为0.3～0.5,原水氨氮、CODMn和浊度的周均值分别为2.19～3.41mg/L、5.30～7.56mg/L和27.3～40.1NTU,叠式滤池出水对应指标分别为0.18～0.41mg/L、2.87～4.50mg/L和5.43～16.8NTU(去除率平均为89.3%、40.2%和65.0%),符合GB3838—2002的Ⅱ类标准。初滤池去除了原水中大部分可滤SS,为曝气生物滤池的稳定运行创造了条件,同时使曝气生物滤池过滤水头损失的24h变化量不超过2kPa,满足了多座滤池共用鼓风曝气系统,实现均匀曝气对过滤水头损失的控制要求。叠式曝气生物滤池的工艺投资约为140～180元/m3,运行费用约为0.05～0.07元/m3。　　:　叠式曝气生物滤池;　预处理;　浊度;　氨氮:TU991　　:C　　:1000-4602(2009)20-0049-06D-UBAFforPretreatmentofHighAmmoniaNitrogenRawWaterLUShao-ming1,　HUANGNian-yu2,　YANGLi3,　RENYuan-yuan1(1.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510006,China;2.GuangzhouWaterSupplyCompany,Guangzhou510017,China;3.ArchitectureDesignInstitute,SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510006,China)　　Abstract:　Accordingtotheseasonalhighammonianitrogenandorganicpollutioninrawwaterinsubtropics,D-UBAFwasusedforitspretreatment.Inlowflowperiod,thetemperatureofrawwaterisa-bove5℃,filtrationrateis8m/h,andgas-waterratiois0.5to1.5.Whentheweeklyaverageconcen-trationsofNH3-N,CODMnandturbidityofrawwaterare5.02to9.45mg/L,5.79to10.1mg/Land19.7to63.1NTU,thecorrespondingindexesofthetreatedwaterfromD-UBAFare0.30to0.96mg/L,3.24to5.85mg/Land3.83to19.9NTU,andtheremovalratesare90.3%,42.7%and66.3%re-spectively,whichmeettheⅢcriteriaspecifiedinEnvironmentalQualityStandardsforSurfaceWater(GB3838-2002).Inhighflowperiod,theoperatingparametersarefiltrationrateof12m/handgas-waterratioof0.3to0.5.WhentheweeklyaverageconcentrationsofNH3-N,CODMnandturbidityofrawwaterare2.19to3.41mg/L,5.30to7.56mg/Land27.3to40.1NTU,thecorrespondinginde-xesofthetreatedwaterfromD-UBAFare0.18to0.41mg/L,2.87to4.50mg/Land5.43to16.8NTU,andtheremovalratesare89.3%,40.2%and65.0%respectively,whichmeettheⅡcriteria·49·第25卷　第20期2009年10月　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水CHINAWATERWASTEWATER　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.25No.20Oct.2009specifiedinEnvironmentalQualityStandardsforSurfaceWater(GB3838-2002).IntheDBAFoftheD-UBAFsystem,themajorityoffilterablesuspendedsolidsinrawwatercanberemoved,whichcancre-atetheessentialconditionfortheUBAFstableoperation,andthevariablequantityoffilteringheadofUBAFisnomorethan2kPaafterfiltrationfor24h.ItalsomeetstherequirementofheadlosscontrolforevenaerationbymultipleD-UBAFswhoshareadiffusedaerationsystem.TheprocessinvestmentofD-UBAFisabout140to180yuan/m3andtheoperationcostisabout0.05to0.07yuan/m3.　　Keywords:　D-UBAF;　pretreatment;　turbidity;　ammonianitrogen　　,,《》(GB3838—2002)Ⅲ。(///)40%～50%,,,,:①,,,,;②,CODMn≤3mg/L,CODMn≤5mg/L;③,,,;④,,。:,/,。5℃,、CODMn,。,、、0.5mg/L,[1～3],、,。1　给水曝气生物滤池工艺技术4mg/L,[4],SS、5kPa、,,16～20m/h,0～0.5。,0.5mg/L,、、。73.5×104m3/d。4～8mg/L,0.5～1.0mg/LⅡ～Ⅲ,。2～5mm,(UBAF),4～6m/h。,,SS,,85%,,65%。,,,。,,UBAFSS,,。,,,SS,,,。,,,,。·50·第25卷　第20期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　、SS、,、,、,(DBAF),、SS。0.3～1.5,,,,。DBAF,,。(D-UBAF)UBAF(DBAF),,、SS,UBAF,UBAF。(:ZL200610035882.0)105×104m3/d,1。1　Fig.1　StructurediagramofD-UBAF　　1DBAF2UBAF,DBAF。DBAF,、SS,DBAFUBAF。UBAF,,。D-UBAF,DBAF,UBAF。,UBAFSS,DBAFSSUBAF,。D-UBAF,,、、,。2　预处理高氨氮原水的试验2.1　2。2　Fig.2　Flowchartofpilot-scaleexperimentprocessD-UBAF64～96m3/h。DBAF8～12mm,1.5m;UBAF3～5mm,4m,8～12m/h,20～30min;0.3～1.5;:6～8L/(m2·s),15～20L/(m2·s)。2.2　D-UBAF1,D-UBAF、2、3。1　Tab.1　OperationalparametersofD-UBAFinlowflowperiodandhighflowperiod　/(m3·h-1)/(m·h-1)/min/(m3·h-1)200712—20084()6483080(0.5～1.5)∶120086—200810()96122029～48(0.3～0.5)∶1·51·陆少鸣,等:叠式曝气生物滤池预处理高氨氮原水第25卷　第20期2　、Tab.2　InfluentandeffluentqualityofD-UBAFinlowflowperiod　CODMn/(mg·L-1)/(mg·L-1)/%/(mg·L-1)/(mg·L-1)/%/NTU/NTU/%5.02～9.457.09—5.79～10.17.92—19.7～63.136.5—DBAF4.33～7.835.9815.74.64～9.086.6016.711.4～36.223.234.8UBAF0.30～0.960.6990.33.24～5.854.5242.73.83～19.911.566.33　、Tab.3　InfluentandeffluentqualityofD-UBAFinhighflowperiod　CODMn/(mg·L-1)/(mg·L-1)/%/(mg·L-1)/(mg·L-1)/%/NTU/NTU/%2.19～3.412.65—5.30～7.566.08—27.3～40.133.9—DBAF1.29～3.052.0123.74.05～6.694.8719.218.5～31.124.027.1UBAF0.18～0.410.2889.32.87～4.503.6140.25.43～16.811.465.03　试验结果与分析3.1　200712—2008420。①　3。3　Fig.3　Ammoniaremovalefficiencyinlowflowperiod5.02～9.45mg/L,7.09mg/L;DBAF,15.7%;UBAF,90.3%。D-UBAF(87.4%～94.0%)。UBAF,、,,UBAF。②　CODMnCODMn4。CODMn5.79～10.1mg/L,7.92mg/L;D-UBAFCODMn4.52mg/L,42.7%。4　CODMnFig.4　CODMnremovalefficiencyinlowflowperiodDBAFCODMn16.7%,SS;UBAF0.5h,,CODMn31.5%,。D-UBAF,D-UBAF///,CODMn1.82～2.8mg/L,2.3mg/L,CODMn71%。,CODMn20%。③　5。·52·第25卷　第20期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　。5　Fig.5　TurbidityremovalefficiencyinlowflowperiodDBAFSS,UBAFSS,,,。,UBAFBAF,。3.2　20086—20081020。3.2.1　6。2.19～3.41mg/L,2.65mg/L,DBAF2.01mg/L,23.7%;D-UBAF0.28mg/L,89.3%。6　Fig.6　Ammoniaremovalefficiencyinhighflowperiod,,,,,UBAF,,84.8%～93.4%。,,D-UBAF。3.2.2　CODMnCODMn