短程硝化反应中污染物降解动力学及微生物群落研究夏俊方

50220182JOUＲNALOFHAＲBININSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYVol.50No.2Feb．2018DOI10．11918/j．issn．0367-6234．201705098123211331．2002342．1500903．200439COD．pH=6．5～8．5CODAiba．pHCODpH=7．5．CODpHpH7．5～8．0．COD5．6～11．312．4～16．8．3AOBNitrosomonaseuropaeaATCC19178、NitrosomonasstercorisNitrosospirasp．PM266%．X703．1A0367－6234201802－0065－06DegradationkineticsofpollutantsandmicrobialcommunitiesinshortcutnitrificationXIAJunfang123WANGShutao2ZHANGYongming1HUJunjie13FANGXiaoqin31．CollegeofLifeandEnvironmentalSciencesShanghaiNormalUniversityShanghai200234China2．SchoolofEnvironmentHarbinInstituteofTechnologyHarbin150090China3．ShanghaiJingYuEnvironmentEngineeringCo．Ltd．Shanghai200439ChinaAbstractThedegradationkineticsofammonianitrogenandCODandthemicrobialcommunitiesinanintermittent-flowshortcutnitrificationreactorwereinvestigatedtoremoveammoniaandorganicmattersfromlandfillleachate．TheresultsshowthatwhenpH=6．5－8．5thedegradationofammoniaconformstotheMichaelis-MentenmodelwhiletheCODdegradationissuitableforAibakineticmodel．WiththeincreaseofpHthemaximumdegradationrateandsaturationconstantsofammoniaandCODincreasefirstandthendecreasereachingthemaximumvalueswhenpH=7．5．TheresultsindicatethatthedegradationsofammoniaandCODareinfluencedbypHandtheoptimumpHshouldbecontrolledbetween7．5and8．0．InadditionthedegradationrateandthemaximumdegradationrateofCODare5．6－11．3and12．4－16．8timeshigherthanthoseofammoniaintheshortcutnitrificationprocessrespectively．Thismaybebecausethatthehighconcentrationoforganicmattersininfluentleadstotheheterotrophicbacteriatogrowfasterthanautotrophicbacteriainthebiologicalsystem．FinallythedomainspeciesofammoniaoxidizingbacteriaAOBinthereactorareNitrosomonaseuropaeaATCC19178NitrosomonasstercorisandNitrosospirasp．PM2accountedfor66%togetherindicatingthattheAOBwasthepredominantspeciesforammoniaremovalinthisintermittent-flowshortcutnitrificationreactor．Keywordslandfillleachateshortcutnitrificationkineticsdegradationbacterialcommunities2017－05－15SK2012321977—1958—[e-mail]1－2．3－4．5－625%40%7－8．9．CODammoniaoxidizingbacteriaAOB10－11．pHpHCOD12－14．COD、．11．1MLSS4．2g/LVSS2．7g/LVSSMLSS0．64．1．21．1．3500mL11Tab．1Waterqualityoflandfillleachateanditsdiluentmg·L－1pHCODρNH4+－NρNO2－－NρNO3－－NρTN7．894001540＜0．51．615506．5～8．5200～190020～100＜0．50～125～10530℃1#、2#、3#、4#5#．5150mL5100mL．2min0、COD、．DO0．8～1．2mg/L1h、COD、5．pH6．5、7．0、7．5、8．08．530℃pHCOD．1—2—3—4—5—1Fig．1Schematicofexperimentalsetup1．4CODN－1－－．DNAzolDNAPCＲpolymerasechainreaction15．50μL2×Hotstart-PCＲmix25μL0．8μLDNA1μL22．4μL16SrDNAF5'－AGAGTTTGATCC－TGGCTCAG－3'Ｒ5'－CAKAAAGGAGGTGAT－CC－3'16．PCＲ94℃4min94℃30s50℃30s72℃1min3572℃10minPCＲ1%DNApMD－18T－vectorE．coliDH5α16SrDNAbasiclocalalignmentsearctoolBLASTGenBank15．1．51r=－dρdt．11ρ0－ρt=rt．2ρ0mg/Lρttmg/Lrmg/L·hth．ρ0－ρt－t．2Michaelis-Menten17r=rmaxρKS+ρ．331r=KSrmax·1ρ+1rmax．4r=rmaxρ－1000KS+ρ－1000．5·66·5051r=KSrmax·1ρ－1000+1rmax．6rmg/L·hrmaxmg/L·hKSmg/Lρmg/L．KSrmax．3Aiba18r=rmaxρ－200KS+ρ－200exp－ρ－200KSI()．7rmg/L·drmaxmg/L·dρmg/LKSmg/LKSImg/L．22．1pHρ1～ρ520．1、37．9、57．2、74．4100mg/L30℃pH2．20～100mg/LpH．ρ1～ρ5pH6．58．5．19pH5．0～8．0pHpH8．0～10．0pHpH8．06．6mg/L·h．ρ1=20．1mg·L－1ρ2=37．9mg/Lρ3=57．2mg/Lρ4=74．4mg/Lρ5=100mg/L2Fig．2DegradationofNH4+－Nunderdifferentinitialconcentrations4pH32．2pH6．58．5rmaxKS．pH7．542．7mg/L·h177．3mg/LpH6．543．6%42．9%．pHpH7．5pH．20pH6．0～8．0pH．21pH7．5pH7．08．0·76·2．2Tab．2KineticparametersofNH4+－NdegradationpHrmax/mg·L1·h1KS/mg·L1Ｒ26．524．1101．10．97347．032．2138．30．99127．542．7177．30．97018．035．1170．60．99598．530．9155．10．9958pHpHpHpH———NH3freeammoniaFApHNH3pH．pHNH3pHNH3．22ρNH4+－N=65mg/L、t=28℃pH6．5FA0．17mg/LpH8．0FA5．18mg/LpH6．58．FA30．5．pH6．524．1mg/L·hpH8．035．1mg/L·h．pH6．5～8．0．3pHFig．3FittingcurvesofNH4+－NdegradationunderdifferentpH2．2pHCODCODρ1～ρ5238、550、1298、14161900mg/L30℃pHCOD4．4CODFig．4DegradationofCODunderdifferentinitialconcentrations·86·504ρ200～1416mg/LCODCODρ1416mg/LCOD．Aiba718r～ρ－200pH53．pH6．58．5rmax、KSKSIpH7．5719．2mg/L·h、920．41404．2mg/LpHCODpHCODpH7．0～8．0．5CODFig．5FittingcurvesofCODdegradationunderdifferentpH3CODTab．3KineticparametersofCODdegradationpHrmax/mg·L－1·h－1KS/mg·L－1KSI/mg·L－1Ｒ26．5301．1632．6935．40．98897．0653．9907．91187．40．99237．5719．2920．41404．20．99178．0467．2821．71329．60．99588．5392．6623．01256．90．9772COD4．COD5．6～11．312．4～16．8．23128．2mg/g·h7．2mg/g·h．COD．4CODTab．4ComparisonofthedegradationparametersofCODandammoniar/mg·L－1·h－1rmax/mg·L－1KS/mg·L－13．6～17．724．2～42．7101．1～77．3COD20．2～201．6301．1～719．2623．0～920．42．30．8～1．2mg/L50%～90%．PCＲ100GenBankBLAST5．5Tab．5ProportionsofAOBandNOBinanintermittentflowreactor/%1NitrosomonaseuropaeaATCC19178NＲ_040879．1342NitrosomonasstercorisAB_900133．1253NirospinamoscoviensisX82558NＲ_117368．1134Nitrosospirasp．PM2FN_394323．175MicrococcusmobilisKU_860096．146AlkaliphilusmetalliredigensQYMFNC_009633．127AnaerolineathermophilaUNI－1NC_014960．128ParacoccusdenitrificansPD1222NC_008687．129AromatoleumaromaticumEbN1NC_006513．1110Thauerasp．MZ1TNC_011662．2111AnoxybacillusflavithermusWK1NC_011567．1112BurkholderiaxenovoransLB400NC_007952．1113Dehalococcoidessp．BAV1NC_009455．1114DelftiaacidovoransSPH－1NC_010002．1115DesulfitobacteriumhafnienseDCB－2NC_011