堆肥作为微生物菌剂载体的研究

。[1]。、[2]。[3]。2010,29(7):1382-1387JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience3、pH。、。15%6%pH。630.59×108CFU·g-10.38×108CFU·g-1。。。S141.4A1672-2043(2010)07-1382-06510642CompostasaCarrierforMicrobialInoculantsZHANGZhi-hong,LIHua-xing,FENGHong,ZHAOLan-feng,LIMin-qing,HUWeiCollegeofNaturalResourcesandEnvironment,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou510642,ChinaAbstractTheworkmainlystudiedwhetherair-driedcompostutilizinglivestockorpoultrymanureandspentmushroomsubstrateascompostingmaterialscouldbeusedascarrierforliquidmicrobialinoculants.ThreefunctionalBacillusstrainsBacillusmegaterium,Bacil－lusmucilaginosusandBacillussubtiliswereusedtoconstructmicrobial-organicfertilizerMOFandmicrobial-compoundfertilizerMCF.Theapplicationeffectsofthedifferentbio-fertilizersincludingcompostC,organic-inorganicfertilizerOIF,MOFandMCFweretested.Theresultsshowedthatair-driedcomposthadnosignificantdifferencecomparedwithvermiculiteinappearance,touch-feeling,bacterialmortalityafteradsorbingmicrobialinoculants.Whenmoistureofcompostlessthan15%,about6%v/wadsorptionproportionofliquidmi－crobialinoculantstocompostwasbetter.ThehigherproportionofliquidmicrobialinoculantstocompostcausedhighermoisturecontentandpH,whichaffectedpreservationeffectofbio-fertilizers.ThelowerproportionofliquidmicrobialinoculantstocompostledtothepopulationofthreefunctionalBacillusstrainslessthantheagriculturalstandard0.2×108CFU·g-1.Accordingtodifferentcombinationwaysofcompostwithmicrobialinoculantsandchemicalfertilizers,threekindsofbio-fertilizer,MOFcompostandmicrobialinoculants,OIFcompostandchemicalfertilizers,MCFcompost,microbialinoculantsandchemicalfertilizerswereselected.ThetotalpopulationoffunctionalBacillusstrainswere0.59×108CFU·g-1and0.38×108CFU·g-1inMOFandMCFrespectively,afterkeepingfor6monthsatroomtemperature.Intest－edbio-fertilizers,thepopulationofbacteriawasthehighestwiththestrongestbufferingcapabilitytochemicalfertilizers.Thefullmatureandair-driedcompostcouldbeusedascarriersforliquidmicrobialinoculants,especiallyforBacillusstrains.Keywordscompost;carrier;microbialinoculants;microbial-organicfertilizer;microbial-compoundfertilizer2010－02－06409711552009B0903003302006B203010501972—。[e-mail][e-mail]297、、[4]。[5]。、。[6]。[7-9]。Trichodermaharzianum[10][11-13]。、[14]。[15]108CFU·g-1。NH+4-N[16]。。。3、、、。11.155d15%。5dN、P、K21.30、15.30、21.40g·kg-1580.80g·kg-112.80％pH7.29C/N15.82Germinationindex83.2%。[17]。2mm。60121℃30min90℃6h。N46%P2O515%K2O63%。3Bacillusmegaterium、BacillusmucilaginosusBacillussubtilisKanamycin、AmpicillinRifampicin200μg·mL-1。1.21.2.1390％、3×108CFU·mL-1。3。1.2.2。20%v/w/300g。3。1.2.3、4126%3N4%、P2O50.5%K2O3%4、323。4。3。1.2.4pH312％26％310％。1.2.3。3。1.2.5。、、、。60℃5min。、138320107-[18]。pH10∶1。1.2.6Excel2003SAS8.122.1、、26.1％20.3％pH7.417.01。pH。13[3]。。627.2％26.3％。。90％、。[19]。。。。“-”[20]。2.2、、。2.2.124d。30d330％。44、30、90、1801384297d0.81×108CFU·g-1、0.73×108CFU·g-1、0.64×108CFU·g-1、0.59×108CFU·g-10.62×108CFU·g-1、0.45×108CFU·g-1、0.42×108CFU·g-10.38×108CFU·g-160.2×108CFU·g-1[21]。。。2.2.214d1。。。2。4d13。34。4d30d90d。4。N、P、K4≥＞≥＞＞＞。。、。[22]。2.3pH。4pH。pH。10%6pH934Table3Generalfungalpopulationchangesinfourfertilizers4d/×103CFU·g-130d/×103CFU·g-190d/×102CFU·g-112.7±1.84a5.7±1.47a05.8±0.41b0011.1±0.89a5.2±1.02a05.2±1.24b0024Table2Generalactinomycetespopulationchangesinfourfertilizers4d/×105CFU·g-130d/×105CFU·g-190d/×105CFU·g-1180d/×105CFU·g-140.7±0.67a24.3±2.18a22.00±3.78a16.3±1.45a11.7±0.33c9.7±0.89d0038.0±1.15a20.3±1.45b8.2±1.15b2.7±0.67b18.3±0.33b12.5±2.51c0014Table1GeneralbacterialpopulationchangesinfourfertilizersDuncan3±P＞0.05。。4d/×107CFU·g-130d/×106CFU·g-190d/×106CFU·g-1180d/×106CFU·g-191.0±2.52a191±5.51a170±9.98a143.3±4.37a29.7±0.89b74.0±6.24c43.3±2.40c31.0±3.51d89.7±5.49a168.7±4.67b138.3+4.41b92.5±6.11b33.3±3.48b93.7±8.74c50.7±3.53c48.0±1.53c4pHTable4EffectofdifferentadsorptionproportiononmoisturecontentandpHofMCF4d180d/%pH/%pH2％23.157.2920.218.056％26.747.5824.458.4410％28.217.8126.548.70138520107。pH。6％。2.4。。3。3。B.subtilis。B.mu－cilaginosus。B.megatheriuml。33。3[23-25][26]。30%。[20]60°C7%。。γ[27]。。、[1026-27]。4115%。6%pH。2、、。3630×106CFU·g-163。[1],.[M].,198590-91.CHENHua-kui,FANQing-sheng.Microbiology[M].BeijingAgricul－turePress,198590-91.[2].[M].,20005-12.GECheng.Thebasisofmicrobialfertilizerproductionandapplication[M].BeijingChinaAgriculturalScienceandTechnologyPress,20005-12.[3],,.[J].,1999630-32.LIYong-xing,KUANGBai-jian,LIJiu-di.Effectofdifferentcarriersonqualityofmicrobialinoculants[J].SoilandFertilizer,1999630-32.[4]GeorgakopoulosDG,FiddamanP,LeifertC,etal.Biologicalcontrolofcucumberandsugarbeetdamping-offcausedbyPythiumultimumwithbacterialandfungalantagonists[J].JournalofAppliedMicrobiology,2002,921078-1086.[5],,,.[J].,2008,272787-791.LIUWen-wen,YAOTuo,SUNLi-na,etal.Thefeasibilityofspentmushroomsubstrateasakindofmicrobialfertilizercarrier[J].JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience,2008,272787-791.[6]BenRF,PrevostD,YezzaA,etal.Agro-industrialwastematerialsandwastewatersludgeforrhizobialinoculantproductionAreview[J].BioresourceTechnology,2007,983535-3546.[7],,,.[J].,2008,2412173-